Increased sister chromatid exchanges in epileptic children during long-term therapy with phenytoin.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
D Brüll
Publications and source records attributed to D Brüll.
[Evaluating values: social structures and handling values (author's transl)].
Expectations regarding justice and legislation have been lagging behind developments in society. The (enforcement of) the law is no longer a matter of morals but rather of efficiency and is one of (several) means available to the state to make the population do (and omit) what it considers to be necessary because of 'Sachzwang'. In the final (technocratic) stage (Ellul) of the technological phase, the control of social processes is the main objective, implying, among others, making all positions and professions official and making all actions uniform. In his cyclic theory of the law, Ellul describes the appearance of groups having entirely new values as a counter-force. These are sub-cultures which turn away from thinking in terms of economic efficiency, i.e. they refuse to take part in those types of performance on which technocracy is base ('Leistungsverweigerung', Böll). To get to know which part is merely protest and which are germs for the future, the evolutionary phase will have to be considered in addition to the cyclic phase. Of particular importance is the fundamental sociological law (Steiner) which implies that there is a trend in society, which is marked by the fact that institutions are increasingly becoming only acceptable to the extent to which they are conductive to the individual development of members. Whatever the concrete forms of future social structures may be, if they are to maintain themselves, they will have to possess the basic characteristic of individual development without power.
Culture↗
Computed tomographic findings in congenital hemiparesis in childhood and their relation to etiology and prognosis.
40, 1-14-year-old children suffering from congenital hemiparesis were re-examined neurologically and admitted to CT. According to our morphological results we found three different types of CT patterns: 1. unilateral enlargement of the lateral ventricle or parts of it (20 patients), 2. cavity in the cortex and subcortical white matter within the supply area of the middle cerebral artery (17 patients), 3. normal CT scans (3 patients). Patients with a cortical and subcortical cavity consistently had a moderate to severe hemiparesis and suffered more often from epilepsy and intellectual impairment than patients with unilateral ventricular enlargement and those with normal CT findings. Most patients with cortical defects had a history of perinatal complications, while abnormal pregnancies and prematurity prevailed in patients with unilateral ventricular enlargement. We believe that a cavity in the cortex and subcortical white matter is of arterial-ischemic origin, whereas unilateral ventricular enlargement with destruction of the deep white matter is related to venous hemorrhage. But it must be emphasized that CT cannot detect the causes, mechanisms and timing of the underlying brain lesions in congenital hemiparesis.
Adolescent↗
[Development of the hand bones in children with primary hypothyroidism].
In 23 hypothyroid children--15 girls and 8 boys--all of them receiving continuous substitution therapy, skeletal maturity was evaluated by use of a specific point system. The examination of 106 X-rays of the left hand revealed a clear-cut carpal retardation more than that of RUS (radius, ulna, short bones) in both sexes. It could be demonstrated a higher stage of development for RUS than carpal bone maturity in relation to height, independent of duration of therapy. A closer correspondence between RUS development and height may be assumed.
Adolescent↗
[The problems of the decrease in periventricular density due to hypoxia in computer tomograms of new-born infants].
200 premature and mature neonates with clinical evidence of hypoxia or traumatic encephalopathy were examined by cranial computerized tomography (CT) during the first two weeks postnatally. The findings were compared with those in a "control group" consisting of 14 neonates with extraneural malformations. Cerebral hemorrhages were easily identified by their high density, in CT images. Bilateral areas of lowered density within the periventricular white matter, however, could not always be attributed to irreversible tissue damage prior to about 14 days after the hypoxic event in term newborns, and in preterm infants even later. During this early period of life an apparent decrease of periventricular density was regularly observed that must not be mistaken for a pathological change. In two cases persistent periventricular areas of decreased density were caused by neuropathologically verified foci of incomplete leucomalacia.
Cerebral Hemorrhage↗