[Applications of blood separation (author's transl)].
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Blood Transfusion↗
Biomedical subjects
D Brohée
Publications and source records attributed to D Brohée.
Kidney ageing and renal excretion of amylase.
In a cross-sectional study, the amylase to creatinine clearance ratio (ACCR) was determined in 180 patients, age range 18-93 years. An inverse correlation was found between ACCR and creatinine clearance (r = -0.40, p less than 0.001) in keeping with the known inverse relationship between the sieving fraction of macromolecules and the glomerular filtration rate. The fractional clearance of amylase was not significantly affected by amylasemia nor by age when the creatinine clearance was also considered in a multiple regression analysis. No increase in ACCR was observed in patients with low molecular weight proteinuria or with induced urine dilution. The authors assume that the tubular reabsorption of amylase is minimal and that the enhancement of ACCR in the elderly mainly reflects modifications in the glomerular filtration dynamics.
Adolescent↗
Importance of 5-fluorouracil dose-intensity in a double randomised trial on adjuvant portal and systemic chemotherapy for Dukes B2 and C colorectal cancer.
366 patients fully resected from a Dukes B2 or C colorectal cancer were randomised to receive 6 courses of systemic chemotherapy comprising either 5-fluorouracil (5 FU) alone (arm A: 450 mg/m2/day-5/21 days) or combined folinic acid (FOL) and 5 FU (arm B: respectively 200 mg/m2 racemic form or 100 mg/m2-l-form and 370 mg/m2/day-5/21 days). 173 patients had also been initially randomised to receive one course of intraportal chemotherapy just after surgery or no portal treatment. Oral levamisole (150 mg/day; 3 days every other week) was given to all patients for one year. A significantly higher incidence of leuco-granulocytopenia was observed in the arm A (5 FU alone) inducing more frequent dose delays and adaptations as well as levamisole's withdrawal. Then dose-intensities and dose-intensity products were lower in this arm but the dose intensity expressed in mg/m2/week remained higher (631 +/- 107 vs 557 +/- 99; p < 0.001). The median follow-up in the study was 4.5 years. Relapse free (RFS) and overall survivals (OAS) were prolonged in the 5 FU alone group peculiarly in those patients who had not been randomised for portal treatment. Curves diverged progressively with longer follows-up (at 8 years; RFS in arm A: 67-71% vs 59-53% in arm B; OAS in arm A: 72-74% vs 56-46% in arm B). Patients suffering from a colon or a Dukes C cancer benefited the most from the treatment with 5 FU alone. The results are discussed in the light of other recent adjuvant trials. Well dosed 5 FU over a short period of time without folinic acid may be a valuable and inexpensive adjuvant treatment for colorectal cancer. Levamisole may no longer be recommended in this setting.
Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
[Contribution of molecular and genetic biology in oncology].
During the last decades, major medical advances have been made in the understanding of cancer biology and led to the appearance of new diagnostic tools and development of innovative therapeutics. Some basic concepts in molecular medicine, oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes are reviewed. Special topics are devoted to Ras, erbB2, p 53 and characteristical gene rearrangements, such as bcr-abl, RARA-PML, VDJ, bcl2-IgH. The greater knowledge of the molecular etiology of cancer will contribute to disease screening, diagnosis, staging and therapy, detection of residual or recurrent disease, and development of new treatments, such as gene therapy or drugs targeted to oncogene products.
DNA, Neoplasm↗