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Biomedical subjects

D C Heiner

Publications and source records attributed to D C Heiner.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Cytomegalovirus retinitis secondary to chronic viremia in phagocytic leukocytes.

We studied the relationship between the duration and intensity of cytomegalovirus viremia, cytomegalovirus complement fixing antibody, and cytomegalovirus retinitis in 61 renal transplant recipients. Five (8%) patients had chronic viremia which lasted more than six months. Two of the five developed typical cytomegalovirus retinitis and a severe fungal infection after intensive viremia of more than 11 months' duration. Retinitis did not develop in 22 patients with short-term viremia. Infectious cytomegalovirus was largely associated with polymorphonuclear leukocytes, but the virus was associated with monocytes during the immature granulocytic response accompanying one patient's terminal illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Serum plasminogen and lung surfactant in the respiratory distress syndrome.

Plasminogen, total protein, and surface-active material were measured in amniotic fluid in 112 pregnancies at 11-42 weeks' gestation. In 65 of these pregnancies, cord blood was also analyzed for serum plasminogen and total protein. Plasminogen was detected in 25 of 114 amniotic fluid samples, and 23 came from pregnancies of less than 37 weeks' gestation. Plasminogen was found in 15 of 32 amniotic fluid samples from pregnancies with complications, but only in 10 of 80 "uncomplicated" pregnancies. The mean cord serum plasminogen was relatively constant in births or abortuses of 17 to 30 weeks' gestation, but was present in increasing amounts in births of gestational ages from 30 to 40 weeks. The concentration of plasminogen in cord serum was directly related to the cord total protein (r = 0.7513, P less than 0.001). The cord plasminogen concentration was significantly higher in infants with a positive foam stability test (5.6 +/- 0.3 mg/100 ml) than in the combined group of infants with negative and intermediate tests (4.3 +/- 0.16, P less than 0.005). However, infants with a positive foam stability also had a significantly greater gestational age than infants with a negative or intermediate foam stability test. With one exception, infants with a low cord plasminogen (below 4 mg/100 ml) developed respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) only if amniotic fluid surfactant was low. The data suggest that low levels of serum plasminogen are correlated with severe lung disease only in the presence of surfactant deficiency.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1977

Immunoglobulin E in Nigerian onchocerciasis.

Total serum IgE was measured by radioimmunoassay in 58 adult Nigerian patients with untreated onchocerciasis. Levels in excess of 244.9 IU/ml, the mean level of the healthy Nigerian control subjects tested, were found in 86% of the patients. The levels were comparable to IgE levels found in 15 atopic Nigerian patients from the same residential area (mean = 1,028.7 IU/ml). The findings suggest that onchocerciasis, like allergy, is one of the causes of elevated total serum IgE, though normal levels may occur in this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Infectious mononucleosis and mononucleosis syndromes.

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) mononucleosis are caused by a primary infection with related viruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and CMV. Despite the similarity of clinical manifestations, basic differences exist: (1) The heterophil antibody (HA) response is absent in CMV mononucleosis, whereas it is present in IM. (2) In IM atypical lymphocytosis reflects proliferation of B cells early and of T cells later in the disease course; in CMV mononucleosis the situation appears complex. (3) In blood, EBV is restricted to B lymphocytes, whereas CMV is found in polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes. (4) Complications of CMV mononucleosis such as hepatitis and pneumonitis may be due to virus cytopathic effect in target organs. Prominent tonsillopharyngitis with adenopathy, and visceral complications of IM are related to lymphoproliferation which is self-limited except in males with a rare familial defect in defense against EBV. Immune complex-mediated pathology may occur in both diseases. (5) CMV is frequently transmitted to a fetus in utero or to an infant during or after birth, and this occasionally leads to severe cytomegalic inclusion disease; vertical transmission of EBV appears to be exceptional. (6) Secondary EBV infections are associated with certain malignancies whereas such an association has not been recognized in the case of CMV. Toxoplasma gondii is another cause of HA-negative mononucleosis. Its complications in the heart, in skeletal muscle and in the central nervous system are related to direct invasion by the parasite. Cellular immunity plays an important role in defense against all three agents.

Cytomegalovirus Infections↗
PubMed1976

Anaphylactic shock following banana ingestion.

A 15 1/2-year-old girl experienced anaphylactic shock, asthma, angioedema, and urticaria after eating a banana. Reagin-mediated hypersensitivity was demonstrated by direct skin tests, passive transfer tests, and the radioallergosorbent test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

IgE levels in sera of cancer patients.

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) was measured in the sera of 18 healthy adult volunteer donors, 67 adults with various types of solid neoplasms, and 17 adults with clinical allergy by means of a double-antibody radioimmunoassay. There was no siginificant difference in the geometric mean serum IgE level between all cancer subjects and the healthy control subjects except that cancer and noncancer patients who had definite clinical allergies showed an increased mean IgE level. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the mean IgE level of any of the six cancer subgroups studied when compared to the control mean. Thus, there was no evidence reflected in serum levels that IgE plays a role in the immunopathology of the cancer population tested.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Alpha1-antitrypsin in amniotic fluid and cord blood of preterm infants with the respiratory distress syndrome.

Total protein, alpha1-antitrypsin, and alpha2-macroglobulin were measured on amniotic fluid in 125 pregnancies between 11 and 42 weeks' gestation, and on the cord blood of 66 newborn infants. Amniotic fluid surface active material was assessed by the foam stability test. Amniotic fluid alpha1-antitrypsin is linearly and directly related to amniotic fluid total protein (r = 0.703, p less than 0.001). The cord alpha1-antitrypsin is also linearly related to cord total protein. Intrapartum complications are associated with a significant lowering of the cord alpha1-antitrypsin. Infants with a negative foam stability test had RDS regardless of the amniotic fluid alpha1-antitrypsin. The cord blood alpha1-antitrypsin value did not appear to be related to amniotic fluid surface active material. There were 23 infants with cord alpha1-antitrypsin of less than 0.2 gm/dl and with an intermediate or positive foam stability test; 19 of them had respiratory difficulties of varying severity. It is conceivable that infants, in spite of apparent adequate prenatal lung surfactant, develop respiratory disturbances on the basis of pulmonary fluid and protein transudation and/or reduction or inhibition of pulmonary surfactant incident to intrapartum complications.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1976

A new immunodiagnostic test in onchocerciasis.

The radioallergosorbent (RAST) technique was used as a diagnostic test for onchocerciasis. IgE antibodies for Dirofilaria immitis antigen were found in thirty-one of fifty-seven (54%) affected patients.

Binding Sites, Antibody↗
PubMed1976

Cytomegalovirus proteins. I. Polypeptides of virions and dense bodies.

Cytomegalovirus virions and dense bodies were purified by sucrose velocity and equilibrium centrifugation from the medium of fibroblasts infected with the strain AD169. The final virus preparations were purified more than 228-fold with respect to cellular proteins as determined by double-isotopic labeling and at least 1,600-fold on the basis of changes in the ratio of total protein to virus particles. The protein content of purified particles approximated that found for purified preparations of other herpesviruses. Twenty polypeptides ranging from 22,000 to greater than 230,000 molecular weight were detected in purified virus preparations by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Polypeptides of virions and dense bodies were allocated on the basis of analyses of preparations containing differing percentages of virions and dense bodies. Six polypeptides were represented predominantly or exclusively in virions, and four polypeptides were represented predominantly or exclusively in dense bodies, whereas the remainder appeared to be shared by both types of particles. Four polypeptides were glycosylated, and at least three of these appeared to be shared by both particles. Four polypeptides were glycosylated, and at least three of these appeared to be shared by both particle types. The protein composition of cytomegalovirus differs profoundly from that of herpes simplex virus.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1976

Elevated levels of immunoglobulin E in the acute febrile mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome.

Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MCLS) is a newly recognized disease characterized by fever persisting for more than 5 days, an erythematous skin eruption, conjunctival congestion, dry red fissured lips, reddened tongue, palms, and soles, nonpurulent lymphadenopathy, and sometines diarrhea, arthralgia, and aseptic meningitis. Additional features may include carditis, pericarditis, aneurysmal dilation and thrombosis of coronary arteries, and sudden death. There is a striking similarity of fatal cases to infantile polyarteritis nodosa, a disease recently reported to be associated with elevated levels of serium IgE. Indeed, it is likely that MCLS represents a disease which can progress to polyarteritis nodosa in infants and young children. The paired acute and convalescent serum IgE levels of 20 subjects with acute nonfatal MCLS were studied along with 20 near-age unaffected controls from the same communities in Japan. The results indicate that most if not all subjects with MCLS in the study had an elevation of total serum IgE during the acute phase of the disease (geometric mean 157 IU/ml compared with the control value of 38 IU/ml, P = 0.005). The level appeared to reach a peak 1-2 weeks after onset and declined over the ensuing 1-2 months.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Induction of abnormal immunoglobulin maturation and antibody production by persistent embryonic mumps virus infection.

Intramuscular inoculation of 19-day old chickens with heterologous erythrocytes elicited significantly lower levels of agglutinins in embryonically infected birds when compared with control birds (reciprocal ha titer 10 vs. 100, respectively, P less than 0.01). The IgG component of this antibody was substantially less in experimental chickens, 25% vs. 70% in controls. Subsequent anamnestic antibody response in experimental birds was also significantly less than control chickens (reciprocal ha titers 25 vs. 512, respectively, P less than 0.02), with continued predominance of IgM antibody in experimental chickens (70% IgM-ha) vs. controls (60% IgG-ha). Induction of cell-mediated immunity by footpad inoculation of 46-day-old birds with diphtheria-tetanus toxoid in complete Freund's adjuvant failed to discern suppression of T cell function in previously infected chicks. Before hatch, the bursae of experimental and control embryos possessed a few IgM-producing lymphoid cells in equivalent numbers. There was also no difference in the relative population of IgM-producing cells in the medullary area of bursal follicles of 7-day-old hatchling chickens, approximately 70%. However, the mean density of IgG-producing cells in the bursae of experimental chickens was less than that of control chickens, 10% vs. 19%, respectively. Consistent with persistent embryonic viral infection and altered bursal function, only IgM-producing cells were detected in the spleens of 7-day-old experimental birds. These observations suggest that persistent embryonic viral infection disturbs the function of bursal-dependent immunopoiesis in the avian host.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Release of bound immunoglobulin from SSPE brain by acid elution.

SSPE brain homogenate extracted at pH 7.4 yields immunoglobulin with a 4- to 5-fold greater hemagglutination inhibition activity per microgram of IgG than serum from the same patient. Serial washing of the homogenate results in a low level steady-state release of IgG. Elution of the washed sediment with pH 2.5, 0.1 M glycine buffer results in a 2- to 3-fold increase in recovery of hemagglutination inhibition activity with a greater hemagglutination inhibition activity per milligram of IgG than the IgG recovered by phosphate-saline extraction at pH 7.4.

Binding Sites, Antibody↗