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Biomedical subjects

D C Reddy

Publications and source records attributed to D C Reddy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Organochlorine pesticides in carcinoma of the gallbladder: a case-control study.

Carcinoma of the gallbladder is the third most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract in the Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Western Bihar regions of India. The main source of drinking water in this region is the river Ganges, which is heavily polluted with agricultural pesticides. Organochlorine pesticides were estimated in bile by gas liquid chromatography in 60 patients (30 carcinoma of the gallbladder and 30 cholelithiasis) to observe its association with aetiopathogenesis of carcinoma of the gallbladder. The mean biliary concentration of benzene hexachloride (BHC) was found to be significantly higher in carcinoma of the gallbladder (0.0471 ppm) than in cholelithiasis (0.0352 ppm) (P < 0.04). The mean biliary concentration of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was also significantly higher in carcinoma of the gallbladder (0.418 ppm) than in cholelithiasis (0.0103 ppm) (P < 0.03). Biliary aldrin and endosulfan concentrations were higher in carcinoma of the gallbladder (0.0008 and 0.00132 ppm) than in cholelithiasis (0.0005 and 0.0126 ppm) but the difference was statistically not significant (P < 0.06 and P < 0.9). The levels of pesticides in blood did not show significant differences in either carcinoma of the gallbladder or cholelithiasis. Significantly high biliary BHC and DDT concentrations suggest that these pesticides might be associated with gallbladder carcinogenesi.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2000

Topical therapy for psoriasis with the use of augmented betamethasone and calcipotriene on alternate weeks.

BACKGROUND: Topical corticosteroids, commonly used for psoriasis, show diminished response on continuous use. OBJECTIVE: We tested efficacy of topical corticosteroid and calcipotriene used on alternate weeks versus daily corticosteroid in patients with psoriasis. METHODS: In a randomized, observer-blind design, the experimental group of 25 patients with stable plaque psoriasis received augmented betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% cream once daily in the first and third weeks and calcipotriene 0.005% ointment twice daily in the second and fourth weeks. The control group of 27 patients received augmented betamethasone once daily for 4 weeks. RESULTS: The experimental regimen was more effective than the control regimen as evidenced by (1) more patients with at least a 90% reduction in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score (difference 49.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 26.1%-72.9%, P <. 001), (2) lower PASI after 2 weeks (P < or =.04), and (3) greater percentage reduction in PASI after 2 and 4 weeks (difference 23.1% [CI, 11.1%-35.1%] and 46.4% [28.9%-63.8%], respectively; P <.001). The study had power of 93.7%. No patient had skin irritation. CONCLUSION: Use of augmented betamethasone and calcipotriene on alternate weeks is more effective than daily corticosteroid and represents a novel strategy for treating psoriasis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1999

Biorthogonal wavelet transforms for ECG parameters estimation.

The parameters of various morphologies of ECG waveform are basic in characterizing them as normal or otherwise. The use of multiscale analysis, through biorthogonal wavelets presented in this paper, appears very promising for such a characterization. This is on account of the fact that various morphologies are excited better at different scales. From these different scales, amplitudes, durations and various segments, widths can be determined more accurately. Simulation studies, with real ECG data, have shown that even when the signal-to-noise ratios are poor, the proposed technique can be used to accurately estimate the said parameters.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1995

On-line method for enhancement of electroencephalogram signals in presence of electro-oculogram artefacts using nonlinear recursive least squares technique.

A record of the human scalp potentials (EEG) is one of the most commonly used techniques for understanding the brain functions. While recording EEG signals, other undesired signals called artefacts get superimposed on the EEG signals. Of these, electro-oculogram generated by eye movements is found to be the most significant and common. Conventional artefact minimisation schemes use linear estimation models. However, the result in sub-optimal schemes as signal processing in the human brain is highly nonlinear. In this paper therefore an on-line technique is suggested for artefact minimisation using nonlinear recursive least squares. Results confirm the efficacy of the method.

Computers↗
PubMed1994

Atrazine toxicity on hydromineral balance of fish, Tilapia mossambicus.

The chronic effects of atrazine on total body weight, hydration level, and serum inorganic electrolytes in the tissues of freshwater fish, Tilapia mossambicus, were studied. Significant changes were observed in the tissues indicating the disturbances in the hydromineral balance of the fish as a consequence of atrazine.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

A community study on the aetiology of childhood diarrhoea with special reference to Campylobacter jejuni in a semiurban slum of Varanasi, India.

In a community study of 607 diarrhoeal and 529 non-diarrhoeal (control) patients less than 5 years old carried out between August 1988 and July 1989, the Campylobacter jejuni isolation rate was 4% in the diarrhoeal and 0.9% in the control group. It was the second most common bacterial enteropathogen isolated after Escherichia coli. Its incidence was more common among 1-2 year old children (4.8%) and during rainy season (July-October). Features of dysentery were absent in C. jejuni diarrhoea. Findings strongly suggest its aetiological role in childhood diarrhoea. Among other enteropathogens in diarrhoeal specimens, rotavirus was the commonest (16.4%) followed by enterotoxigenic E. coli (13.8%), G. lamblia (10.3%), enteropathogenic E. coli (7.0%), E. histolytica (5.0%), Cryptosporidium (3.8%), H. nana spp. (1.5%), NAG vibrios (0.5%), P. shigelloides (0.5%), V. mimicus and Salmonella spp. (0.3%). Approximately one quarter of the stool specimens (22.6%, 256/1136) tested were positive for the ova of A. lumbricoides.

Campylobacter jejuni↗
PubMed1992

Adaptive cancellation technique in processing myoelectric activity of respiratory muscles.

Spectral analysis of myoelectric activity of the chest muscles is a promising diagnostic tool for respiratory diseases. Reduction of the corrupting cardiac activity from the recorded myoelectric activity of the chest muscles is essential because of the spectral overlap of both the signals. The adaptive noise cancellation technique was used to reduce the interfering cardiac activity from the recorded myoelectric activity. The adaptive noise canceller implemented in a transversal structure was found to successfully reduce the corrupting cardiac activity. This paper describes the cancellation of the corrupting cardiac activity from the recorded myoelectric activity using adaptive noise cancellation technique and the characteristic features of spectra of EMG signals.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1991

Tissue ATPase activity and recovery in the freshwater crab Oziotelphusa senex senex exposed to a sublethal concentration of endosulfan for varying periods of time.

1. Na(+)-K+ and Mg(2+)-tissue ATPases of the freshwater crab Oziotelphusa senex senex showed increasing inhibition when exposed to a sublethal concentration (1.86 mg/l = 0.1 of LC50) of endosulfan for 1-30 days. 2. Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in all tissues (thoracic nerve mass, gill, hepatopancreas and claw muscle) was higher than Mg(2+)-ATPase activity. 3. After 30 days exposure tissue Mg(2+)-ATPase was less affected than Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase. 4. Crabs exposed to endosulfan and then returned to uncontaminated water showed greater recovery of Mg(2+)-ATPase than Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase with 90-95% recovery after 1 day exposure and 60-65% recovery after 30 days exposure. 5. Changes in behaviour of the crabs were noted after 7 days exposure to endosulfan with progressive loss of coordination, decreased activity and increased exudation of mucus.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1991

Modulations in nitrogen metabolism in the hepatic and neuronal tissues of fish, Tilapia mossambica exposed to atrazine.

The present study deals with the effect of atrazine on nitrogen metabolism in the liver and brain of fish. Significant changes were seen in the levels of proteins, free amino acids, ammonia, urea, glutamine and the activity levels of proteases, glucogenic aminotransferases, branched-chain aminotransferases, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutaminase, arginase, AMP deaminase and adenosine deaminase in both the tissues of fish exposed to sublethal concentration of atrazine. The study reflects a shift in nitrogen concentration of atrazine. The study reflects a shift in nitrogen metabolism in the tissues of fish for efficient mobilization of end products of protein catabolism as a consequence of atrazine.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1991

Effect in vivo of atrazine on haematology and O2 consumption in fish, Tilapia mossambica.

Studies were conducted on haematological constituents such as Red blood cells (RBC), White blood cells (WBC), Haemoglobin (Hb), Packed cell volume (PCV), Mean cell volume (MCV), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), Blood volume (BV), Blood water content (BWC) and Whole animal oxygen consumption (WAOC) in the fish exposed to sublethal concentration of atrazine. Significant changes were seen in the constituents of the blood and O2 consumption of fish suggesting the existence of respiratory distress in the fish as a consequence of atrazine toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Chronic effect of atrazine on hydromineral balance in the crab.

Effect in vivo of atrazine on total body weight, hydration level, haemolymph volume, inorganic electrolytes was studied in the gill, hepatopancreas and haemolymph of the crab. Significant changes were seen in the tissues indicating disturbances in the hydromineral balance of the crab as a consequence of atrazine.

Animals↗