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Biomedical subjects

D Cambier

Publications and source records attributed to D Cambier.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Individual and work related risk factors for neck pain among office workers: a cross sectional study.

Work related neck disorders are common problems in office workers, especially among those who are intensive computer users. It is generally agreed that the etiology of work related neck disorders is multidimensional which is associated with, and influenced by, a complex array of individual, physical and psychosocial factors. The aim of the current study was to estimate the one-year prevalence of neck pain among office workers and to determine which physical, psychological and individual factors are associated with these prevalences. Five hundred and twelve office workers were studied. Information was collected by an online questionnaire. Self-reported neck pain during the preceding 12 months was regarded as a dependent variable, whereas different individual, work-related physical and psychosocial factors were studied as independent variables. The 12 month prevalences of neck pain in office workers was 45.5%. Multivariate analysis revealed that women had an almost two-fold risk compared with men (OR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.22-3.13). The odds ratio for age indicates that persons older than 30 years have 2.61 times more chance of having neck pain than younger individuals (OR = 2.61, 95% CI 1.32-3.47). Being physically active decreases the likelihood of having neck pain (OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.14-2.99). Significant associations were found between neck pain and often holding the neck in a forward bent posture for a prolonged time (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.20-3.38), often sitting for a prolonged time (OR = 2.06, 95% CI 1.17-3.62) and often making the same movements per minute (OR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.02-2.60). Mental tiredness at the end of the workday (OR = 2.05, 95% CI 1.29-3.26) and shortage of personnel (OR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.06-2.76) are significantly associated with neck pain. The results of this study indicate that physical and psychosocial work factors, as well as individual variables, are associated with the frequency of neck pain. These association patterns suggest also opportunities for intervention strategies in order to stimulate an ergonomic work place setting and increase a positive psychosocial work environment.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Effect of bracing on the prevention of anterior knee pain--a prospective randomized study.

There have been numerous reports about the use of knee braces to prevent traumatic knee injuries. Despite the frequent use of braces, very few prospective studies have been performed to study the effect of knee braces for preventing anterior knee pain syndrome (AKPS). The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a dynamic patellofemoral brace (On-Track System, dj Orthopedics) in the prevention of AKPS. 167 military recruits without history of knee pain were randomized into two groups prior to the start of their 6-week basic military training (BMT) program. The first group (brace group) consisted of 54 recruits who wore the braces for all physical activities during these 6 weeks. 113 recruits served as a control group, and followed the same 6-week strenuous training program. Chi square statistics (Fisher exact test) were used to compare the number of AKPS patients in the brace group and in the non-brace group. Our results indicated that recruits in the brace group appeared to develop significantly less anterior knee pain compared to the recruits in the control group (p=0.020). Out of the 54 recruits in the brace group, ten (18.5%) developed anterior knee pain during this study. In the control group (n=113), 42 recruits (37%) developed anterior knee pain. We conclude that the result of the present study suggests that the use of a dynamic patellofemoral brace is an effective way to prevent the development of anterior knee pain in persons undergoing a strenuous training program.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

The effect of exercise regimens on reflex response time of the vasti muscles in patients with anterior knee pain: a prospective randomized intervention study.

The purpose of this prospective randomized intervention study was to evaluate the effect of two exercise protocols on reflex response time of vastus medialis obliquus (VMO), vastus lateralis (VL), in patients with anterior knee pain. Sixty patients were randomized into a 5-week treatment program, which consisted of only open kinetic chain tonification exercises (group I) (n = 30), or only closed kinetic chain tonification exercises (group II) (n = 30). Assessment of an aspect of neuromotor control was obtained by measuring the reflex response times of VMO and VL at the time of initial clinical examination, at the end of the exercise period (five weeks), and three months after the completion of the exercise period. At these evaluation occasions, the intensity and the number of times that the patients experienced anterior knee pain during daily life was recorded on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). No alterations in reflex response times of VMO and VL were observed in either group. Changes of anterior knee pain over time were statistically significant in both groups. Only small and not statistically supported differences in anterior knee pain were found between the two groups. These results suggest that the reflex response times of the two vasti muscles can not be altered after a five week open or closed kinetic chain exercise program. In contrast, knee pain decreased significantly in both groups.

Exercise Therapy↗
PubMed2002

Which factors predict outcome in the treatment program of anterior knee pain?

The goal of this prospective study was to determine the outcome-predictive role of various parameters in the nonoperative treatment of chronic anterior knee pain patients. Thirty patients followed a five-week treatment program, which consisted out of only closed kinetic chain exercises. Prior to this treatment all subjects were evaluated on muscular characteristics, subjective symptoms, weight, sex, duration of symptoms and functional performance. A multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that the reflex response time of m. vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) (P=0.041; 0.026), and the duration of symptoms (P=0.019; 0.045) were the only two parameters which were significantly associated with the outcome (evaluated by the Kujala score) at five weeks, and at three months. The shorter the duration of symptoms, or the faster the reflex response time of VMO prior to the treatment, the better the outcome after a closed kinetic chain exercise program. The statistical significance of these parameters in this study may be seen as an indication of the importance of these variables as predictors of the outcome of a closed kinetic chain strengthening program. Using this information, it seems clinically important to begin the treatment program before the anterior knee pain becomes more chronic and treatment results become less good.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Patellar tendon vs. doubled semitendinosus and gracilis tendon for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

In a prospective study on ACL reconstruction we treated 17 patients with a "central third-bone-patellar tendon-bone" autograft (PT group) and 32 patients with a doubled semitendinosus/doubled gracilis autograft (HS group). Patients were reviewed at 6 weeks, and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and the groups compared. Up till 6 months, the KT-1000 side-to-side difference was significantly greater in the HS group (P<0.05) and at 6 and 12 months isokinetic hamstrings strength was lower (P<0.05). No significant differences were noted at any stage with respect to quadriceps strength, functional scores, range of motion, or swelling.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Specific features of chronic astrocyte gliosis after experimental central nervous system (CNS) xenografting and in Wobbler neurological mutant CNS.

This study sets out to compare and contrast the astrocyte reaction in two unrelated experimental designs both resulting in marked chronic astrogliosis and natural motoneuron death in the wobbler mutant mouse and brain damage in the context of transplantation of xenogeneic embryonic CNS tissue into the striatum of newborn mice. The combined use of GFAP-labeling and confocal imaging allows the morphological comparison between these two different types of astrogliosis. Our findings demonstrate that, in mice, after tissue transplantation in the striatum, gliosis is not restricted to the regions of damage: it occurs not only near the site of transplantation, the striatum, but also in more distant regions of the CNS and particularly in the spinal cord. In the wobbler mutant mouse, a strong gliosis is observed in the spinal cord, site of motoneuronal cell loss. However, moderate astrocytic reaction (increased GFAP-immunoreactivity) can also be found in other wobbler CNS regions, remote from the spinal cord. In the wobbler ventral horn, where neurons degenerate, the hypertrophied reactive astrocytes exhibit a dramatic increase of glial fibrils and surround the motoneuron cell bodies, occupying most of the motoneuron environment. The striking and specific presence of hypertrophic astrocytes in wobbler mice accompanied by a dramatic increase of glial fibrils located in the vicinity of motoneuron cell bodies suggests that short astrogliosis fills the space left by degenerating motoneurons and interferes with their survival. In the spinal cord of xenografted mice, chronic astrogliosis is also observed, but only glial processes without hypertrophied cell bodies are found in the neuronal micro-environment. It is tempting to speculate that gliosis in the wobbler spinal cord, the local accumulation of astrocyte cell bodies, and high density of astrocytic processes may interfere with the diffusion of neuroactive substances in gliotic tissue, some of which are neurotoxic, and cooperate or even trigger neuronal death.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Therapeutic ultrasound: temperature increase at different depths by different modes in a human cadaver.

A specific increase in temperature is necessary to achieve a temperature-mediated therapeutic impact by ultrasound in rehabilitation. In order to obtain a physical basis for a definite temperature rise at a certain depths in the human body a human cadaver study in situ was conducted. A set of 16 experiments was carried out with an ultrasound frequency of 1 and 3 MHz. For each frequency the pulsed and continuous mode of energy delivery were compared at a variable intensity of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 W/cm2. The ultrasonic energy was delivered in direct contact to the cadaver at the posterior crural compartment of the leg in a static manner. Temperature was monitored with a 1-minute interval during an insonation of 10 minutes. Results revealed that theoretical physical predictions concerning tissue heating by therapeutic ultrasound could not always be consolidated and that thermal therapeutic effects for deeper conditions are not obvious to be achieved by ultrasonic therapy.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMed2000

Expression of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in mouse perivascular astrocytes and in a protoplasmic-like astroglial cell clone.

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is known to be present in the central nervous system (CNS) but its cellular localization is still subject to controversy. In this report, we have investigated, with a specific antiserum, the immunolabelling pattern of GGT in the adult mouse CNS at the light and electron microscopic (EM) levels. At the optical level, GGT immunoreactivity ensheathes the majority of vessels in the grey matter. Immunoelectron microscopy shows that labelling is essentially due to the presence of GGT in the astrocytic endfeet which surround vessels. In addition, some pericytes and periendothelial cells are also clearly labelled. We then investigated GGT activity in astroglial cell clones which may represent the in vitro counterpart of the main astroglial cell types. The striking result is that a protoplasmic-like astroglial cell clone shows a noticeable GGT activity, while, in contrast, no activity was detected in the fibrous and the Golgi-Bergmann-like astroglial clones. Taken together, these data indicate that, in the mouse CNS, GGT is essentially present in protoplasmic astrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Postmitotic differentiation of colon carcinoma caco-2 cells does not prevent reentry in the cell cycle and tumorigenicity.

Our purpose was to analyze whether postmitotic Caco-2 colon cancer cells, although they express most of the differentiation characteristics of terminally differentiated intestinal epithelial cells, still maintain, unlike normal cells, a proliferation potential. Experiments were performed with clone TC7 of the Caco-2 cell line. Dividing TC7 cells are undifferentiated and express detectable levels of thymidylate synthase (TS) and cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) mRNAs. When reaching confluence TS and CYP1A1 are downregulated, mitosis is no longer detectable, and differentiation takes place, as demonstrated by appearance and increasing levels of differentiation-associated marker mRNAs (e.g., sucrase-isomaltase (SI), dipeptidylpeptidase-IV (DPP-IV) or GLUT5), increasing activities of sucrase and DPP-IV, and increasing expression, on immunofluorescence analysis, of SI on the surface of the cell layer. Trypsinization and seeding of late postconfluent cells (day 30) expressing complete differentiation results within 24 h in upregulation of TS and CYP1A1, a concomitant and dramatic disappearance of differentiation marker mRNAs associated with a decrease in sucrase and DPP-IV activities, and delayed resumption of cell division. This is followed, after the cells have reached confluence again, by downregulation of TS and CYP1A1 and resumption of cell differentiation. The ability of differentiated cells to dedifferentiate was further confirmed by wounding the cell layer of late postconfluent differentiated cultures: within 24 h following the wound, cells migrate from the wound edge and dedifferentiate, as demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy and disappearance of SI from the cell surface of migrating cells. Late postconfluent differentiated cells were tumorigenic in nude mice. These results raise the question of the validity of the concept of differentiation therapy when applied to colon cancer cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Suprascapular neuropathy in volleyball players.

BACKGROUND: Suprascapular nerve entrapment with isolated paralysis of the infraspinatus muscle is uncommon. However, this pathology has been reported in volleyball players. Despite a lack of scientific evidence, excessive strain on the nerve is often cited as a possible cause of this syndrome. Previous research has shown a close association between shoulder range of motion and strain on the suprascapular nerve. No clinical studies have so far been designed to examine the association between excessive shoulder mobility and the presence of this pathology. AIM: To study the possible association between the range of motion of the shoulder joint and the presence of suprascapular neuropathy by clinically examining the Belgian male volleyball team with respect to several parameters. METHODS: An electromyographic investigation, a clinical shoulder examination, shoulder range of motion measurements, and an isokinetic concentric peak torque shoulder internal/external rotation strength test were performed in 16 professional players. RESULTS: The electrodiagnostic study showed a severe suprascapular neuropathy in four players which affected only the infraspinatus muscle. In each of these four players, suprascapular nerve entrapment was present on the dominant side. Except for the hypotrophy of the infraspinatus muscle, no significant differences between the affected and non-affected players were observed on clinical examination. Significant differences between the affected and non-affected players were found for range of motion measurements of external rotation, horizontal flexion and forward flexion, and for flexion of the shoulder girdle (protraction); all were found to be higher in the affected players than the non-affected players. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests an association between increased range of motion of the shoulder joint and the presence of isolated paralysis of the infraspinatus muscle in volleyball players. However, the small number of patients in this study prevents definite conclusions from being drawn.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Decreased expression of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in the intestinal cell line Caco-2 by inducers of cytochrome P450 1A1.

Our purpose was to investigate whether inducers of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), which cause a decreased expression in Caco-2 cells, at both the mRNA and protein levels, of membrane proteins associated with the uptake and transport of hexoses, would also affect the expression of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gammaGT) (EC 2.3.2.2). In Caco-2 clonal TC7 cells grown under standard conditions (25 mM glucose), exposure to beta-naphthoflavone (beta-NF), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, and 3-methylcholanthrene resulted in increased glucose consumption and decreased gammaGT activity in cells grown to confluence, i.e. when the differentiation is optimum. GammaGT activity was further analyzed during the time course of differentiation of TC7 cells treated or not with beta-naphthoflavone: while gammaGT activity in untreated cells showed a 10-fold increase from the exponential phase of growth until late postconfluence, gammaGT activity in beta-NF-treated cells, although increasing by 4-fold, remained at a much lower level (<25%). This decreased activity of gammaGT was associated with a decreased level of gammaGT mRNA. This inhibiting effect was not dependent on the CYP1A1 activity, as it also occurred in the presence of CYP1A1 inhibitors such as alpha-naphthoflavone, 8-methoxypsoralen or ellipticin. It was however dependent on glucose supply as it was not observed when the cells were cultured in low glucose (1 mM). These results raise the question of whether, in Caco-2 cells, CYP1A1 inducers or the signal transduction system which controls CYP1A1 are involved in the regulation of the expression of gammaGT through a mechanism involving glucose metabolism.

Caco-2 Cells↗
PubMed1998

Resistance of the human colon carcinoma cell line HCT-8 to methotrexate results in selection of cells with features of enterocytic differentiation.

Results obtained previously with the human colon carcinoma cell line HT-29 have shown that the ability of the cells to develop resistance against methotrexate (MTX) or 5-fluorouracil is restricted to cells committed to differentiate. With the aim of investigating whether this observation is cell type-specific or more general, we have extended our studies to another colon cell line, HCT-8. We have compared HCT-8 parental cells and the MTX-resistant subline HCT8-MTX using transmission electron microscopy and immuno-fluorescence detection of markers of cell polarity and differentiation. Post-confluent parental HCT-8 cells appeared highly heterogeneous and occurred in clusters of piled-up cells in which the majority were unpolarized and undifferentiated, with a minority exhibiting features of enterocyte-like cells. In contrast, HCT8-MTX cells formed domes and appeared as a monolayer of polarized cells with tight junctions and a discrete apical brush border which expressed villin, dipeptidylpeptidase-IV, CEA and the epithelial mucin MUC1. Together, our results suggest that, as in HT-29 cells, induction of resistance to MTX of HCT-8 cells results in the selection of differentiated cell types.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Hypoxia and CYP1A1 induction-dependent regulation of proteins involved in glucose utilization in Caco-2 cells.

Although induction of cytochrome P-450 1A1 (CYP1A1) in the Caco-2 clone TC7 alters glucose utilization and modifies the expression of sucrase-isomaltase (SI) and hexose transporters, nothing is known of the events that control these effects. In this study, we analyzed the effects of beta-naphthoflavone (beta-NF) and hypoxia on these parameters and expression of key enzymes of glucose metabolism. Both beta-NF and hypoxia induce similar changes: 1) induction of CYP1A1 mRNA; 2) increased glucose consumption and lactic acid production and lower glycogen content; 3) downregulation of SI and upregulation of GLUT1 mRNAs; 4) downregulation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and pyruvate kinase mRNAs and upregulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and phosphofructokinase mRNAs; and 5) upregulation of c-fos and c-jun mRNAs. Although addition of inhibitors of CYP1A1 catalytic activity to beta-NF-treated cells totally inhibits the enzyme activity, it does not modify CYP1A1 mRNA response and associated effects, thus excluding a direct role for the enzyme per se. These results point to a possible physiological implication of the signal-transduction pathway responsible for CYP1A1 induction.

Caco-2 Cells↗
PubMed1997

Regeneration-blocked mdx muscle: in vivo model for testing treatments.

We have refined the mdx mouse as a clinical model for Duchenne dystrophy. Our power estimates, primary measures, regular sacrifice intervals, and quality checks constitute a high-speed, low-cost system for preclinically testing therapies designed to slow muscle destruction in Duchenne dystrophy. Irradiated (18 Gy) and contralateral shielded anterior tibial muscles were studied in 21-day-old mdx and normal mice at the time of irradiation and 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks thereafter. Regeneration-blocked mdx (irradiated) muscle expressed muscular dystrophy as progressive wasting after a brief (4 week) period of growth. Regeneration-blocked normal muscle showed stunted growth but neither progressive wasting nor microscopic pathological changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

A spontaneously immortalized mouse microglial cell line expressing CD4.

We have derived a microglial clone, named C8-B4, from the 8-day mouse cerebellum organ culture which gave rise to distinct astroglial cell lines as previously reported. Indeed, the C8-B4 clone expresses classical microglial markers (MAC1, F4/80, 2-4G2) and appears to be derived from a committed microglial precursor since it does not express differentiation antigens present during the early stage of the monocytic lineage. This microglial clone expresses two characteristics not previously reported for microglial cell lines: it synthesizes the CD4 molecule and produces and releases large amounts of glutamate.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Regulation of sucrase-isomaltase and hexose transporters in Caco-2 cells: a role for cytochrome P-4501A1?

Involvement of cytochrome P-4501A1 (CYP1A1) in the regulation of sucrase-isomaltase and hexose transporters was analyzed in low (TC7)- and high (PF11)-glucose-consuming Caco-2 clones. CYP1A1 mRNA is elevated in exponentially growing cells concomitantly with high rates of glucose consumption and high levels of GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 mRNA. After confluency, CYP1A1 is not detectable in TC7 cells; this is associated with a decreased glucose consumption, a downregulation of GLUT-1 and GLUT-3, and an upregulation of sucrase-isomaltase, SGLT-1, GLUT-2, and GLUT-5. In PF11 cells CYP1A1 mRNA remains elevated, along with high glucose consumption, high levels of GLUT-1 and GLUT-3, and minimal expression of sucrase-isomaltase, SGLT-1, GLUT-2, and GLUT-5. Exposure of TC7 cells to inducers of CYP1A1 results in high levels of CYP1A1 mRNA, a 10-fold increase of glucose consumption after confluency, an upregulation of GLUT-1 and GLUT-3, and a downregulation of sucrase-isomaltase, GLUT-2, and, to a lesser extent, SGLT-1 and GLUT-5. These results suggest that activation of CYP1A1, whether spontaneous or drug induced, is involved in the variations of glucose utilization and in the associated modifications of expression of sucrase-isomaltase and hexose transporters.

Caco-2 Cells↗
PubMed1995

Sugar-dependent expression of the fructose transporter GLUT5 in Caco-2 cells.

The effect of glucose and fructose and fetal bovine serum on the expression of the fructose transporter GLUT5 was studied in clone PD7 of the human colon cancer cell line Caco-2, which has been characterized previously [Chantret, Rodoloswe, Barbat et al. (1994) J. Cell Sci. 107, 213-225; Mahraoui, Rodolosse, Barbat et al. (1994) Biochem. J. 298, 629-633]. Culture of the cells in dialysed serum and hexose-free media, down-regulated the expression of GLUT5, which was below detection within 3-4 days. This effect was reversed by fructose and glucose feeding of the cells. Fructose feeding yielded a 3-fold higher abundance of GLUT5 protein and mRNA as compared with that expressed in glucose-fed cells. Cells fed normal serum exhibited an inverse hierarchy of expression, with glucose being a better inducer than fructose for the expression of GLUT5. The GLUT5 mRNA and protein abundances obtained in fructose-fed cells did not depend on the type of serum. A linear relationship between cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels and GLUT5 mRNA abundance was found in cells fed dialysed serum, whereas in cells fed normal serum, mRNA abundances were not correlated to cAMP levels. These results indicate that glucose and fructose, together with serum-related factors and cAMP, have combined effects on the expression of GLUT5 in Caco-2 cells.

Blood↗