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Biomedical subjects

D Canale

Publications and source records attributed to D Canale.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Transdermal therapy of erectile insufficiency].

The introduction of intracavernosal (i.c.) administration of vasoactive drugs has revolutionized diagnosis and treatment of sexual impotence. This procedure, though, carries some risks and undesired side-effects, such as fibrosis, priapism, hematomas, etc. Thus, at our Centre has been evaluated the possibility of a transdermal (TS), either active or passive, treatment of impotence. In a first trial, double blind crossover, 62 patients have been treated with yohimbine (YOH) as ointment. About 5 mg of the drug were applied at the balanopreputial sulcus, twice daily. In 10 patients YOH was also assayed by HPLC in the blood drawn from the corpora cavernosa after the application of the drug: a rapid adsorption of the drug was demonstrated and a peak value of 58 ng/ml at 25 min. Treatment with YOH was particularly satisfactory in patients with impotence of recent onset and mild degree, that is without major vascular alterations. The active TD drug administration was tested with papaverine delivered with cavernous bodies by a C.T.D.A.S. (Controlled Transdermal Drugs Administration System). Thin layer chromatography has shown the passage of about 10% of patients a relevant amelioration of erectile function was observed.

Erectile Dysfunction↗
PubMed1991

The status of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in an endemic area of Argentina prior to control attempts, 1985.

A field survey of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi was carried out in an area which had never been sprayed with insecticide. A population census, mapping and house classification, examination of insects in houses, and a human serological survey were performed. The entomological examination showed that 97% of the houses (433/445) were infested by Triatoma infestans and that 31% of the bugs examined were infected with T. cruzi. The level of infection, as well as the number of insects captured, had no apparent relationship with the type of house. Trypanosoma cruzi was found in 30% of the human population, and in 10% of children up to four years old. The rates of infection were significantly lower for inhabitants, especially children, living in 'urban' houses. The prevalence rate for the children did not correlate with the number of insects collected in the houses. The improvement of houses, outside the framework of an integrated control programme, had no obvious impact on the level of transmission. Nevertheless, the replacement of the original houses by houses with plastered walls and roofs of metal or cement resulted in a decrease in the prevalence of infection in children younger than four years of age. The community showed little confidence in sanitary precautions against Chagas' disease prior to the start of the survey.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Ultrasound monitoring of testis and prostate maturation in hypogonadotropic hypogonadic males during gonadotropin-releasing hormone treatment.

The effects of the administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on the increase of testis and prostate volume was monitored by ultrasound in six patients affected by idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. A significant increase of testis volume was observed after 90 and 180 days (6.65 versus 3.32 mL, 99.1% net increase and 8.47 mL, 176.8% increase, respectively) of pulsatile GnRH treatment. A similar increase of prostate volume was observed at day 90 (12.67 versus 7.78 mL, 70.3% net increase) and day 180 (14.70 mL, 97.7% increase). The ultrasound monitoring of the modifications of testis and prostate volume may represent a biological assay of the effects of GnRH treatment and offer additional data on the response of target organs to the hormonal treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of male genital infections with enoxacin].

Inflammatory disease such as prostatitis and prostatovesiculitis, can affect the fertility potential of the male population. In this study, the Authors tested the therapeutical efficacy of a second generation quinolone, enoxacin, in patients suffering from vesicular and/or prostatic inflammations. This drug has been shown to diffuse into the prostatic fluid, achieving therapeutical concentrations either in acute or chronic pathological conditions. Thirty infertile patients referring to our Andrology Center and showing seminal signs (leukocytes, abnormal sperm forms, chemical and physical alterations, etc) of genital tract inflammations were found to have positive sperm culture for enoxacin-sensitive strains. Further investigations (echotomography) showed that they were affected by prostatic and/or vesicular subacute chronic inflammations. The mean age was 32.2 (range 20-36) ys. All the patients discontinued any previous treatment for at least 90 days. Enoxacin was administered at the dose of 300 mg b.i.d. for two cycles of 10 days each, with intervals of 20 days. At the beginning and at the end of the treatment (days 0 and 60), semen analysis and culture were performed. A paired-T test was employed for the statistical evaluation of data. 26.6% of patients ad an altered fluidification before treatment. Only 10.0% of them showed the same sign after treatment. A condition of hyperviscosity was present in 50% and 16.6% of patients before and after treatment respectively. Likewise, an elevated number of leukocytes (greater than 10(6)/ml) occurred in the ejaculates of 43.3% of patients and in 23.3% after enoxacin treatment. Enoxacin treatment was efficacious in 89.2% of cases, in presence of either Gram positive or Gram negative bacteria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Pharmacologic induction of multiple follicular development improves the success rate of artificial insemination with husband's semen in couples with male-related or unexplained infertility.

The use of artificial insemination with husband's semen (AIH) as treatment for couples with male-related or unexplained infertility is often disappointing. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the induction of multiple ovulation can increase the pregnancy rates in couples treated with AIH. Multiple follicular development was induced by means of clomiphene citrate (CC) plus purified follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in 17 couples undergoing AIH for male-related or unexplained infertility. In spite of the long duration of infertility (greater than 6 years), 10 couples (58.8%) achieved pregnancy within 6 months of treatment. This figure was significantly higher than that obtained in 120 couples who underwent AIH either during spontaneous cycles or after induction of follicular development with CC alone. These results suggest that the availability of multiple mature oocytes increases the conception rate during each cycle, as reported for in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs. It is therefore suggested that a trial of induction of multiple follicular development be performed in couples with male-related or unexplained infertility before their inclusion in protocols for invasive procedures, such as IVF or gamete intrafallopian transfer.

Clomiphene↗
PubMed1986

Zinc in human semen.

Seminal zinc was measured in normospermic and infertile patients by a new colorimetric method. Analysis of semen from 5 patients with bilateral agenesis of the vas deferens showed high levels of zinc (mean value 1411.2 micrograms/ml). Lower levels were found in 6 patients with monolateral congenital or acquired obstruction (695.2 micrograms/ml). The seminal zinc level in 6 patients who had had a vasectomy or who had an epididymal blockage (125.7 micrograms/ml) was approximately the same as in 41 controls (134.6 +/- 42 +/- SD). Zinc levels were reduced in hypogonadal patients. These data suggest that zinc is secreted mainly by the prostate, while vesicular, epididymal and testicular secretions are devoid of zinc. Evaluation of this metal therefore permits the diagnosis of patency of the seminal pathways, but does not permit identification of prostatitis. No correlation was found between sperm count or motility and the seminal zinc level, nor between the latter and varicocele.

Genital Diseases, Male↗
PubMed1984

Free L-carnitine in human semen: its variability in different andrologic pathologies.

Free L-carnitine was assayed in semen from patients with various andrologic diseases by an enzymatic-spectrophotometric method. Extremely low concentrations were found in semen from patients with agenesis of the vas deferens (31.8 +/- 18.8 nm/ml). Semen from men with vasectomies contains a higher concentration of free carnitine (105.0 +/- 8.1 nm/ml). When comparing these data with those of ten fertile control subjects (817.0 +/- 200 nm/ml), we assume that seminal free L-carnitine mainly originates from the epididymis. Semen from patients with azoospermia caused by testicular failure also contains a low carnitine concentration. In hypogonadotropic eunuchoids the gonadotropin treatment increased the low basal concentration. A correlation between semen carnitine content and sperm motility and number was also tested in 124 infertile patients. The results show a positive correlation between free L-carnitine and sperm count (r = 0.617; P less than 0.01), between free L-carnitine and sperm motility (r = 0.614; P less than 0.01), and between free L-carnitine and the number of motile spermatozoa per milliliter (r = 0.646; P less than 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Clinical study and results of surgical treatment in 146 oligospermic men with varicocele.

Data of 146 infertile men undergoing surgical treatment for varicocele are reported. Patients with the following features were treated by surgery: normal FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) not severe hypotrophy of the left testis and normal right testis; absence of azoospermia; absence of autosome or sex chromosome alterations; absence of signs of genital inflammation. A clear-cut improvement in the condition of seminal secretion was obtained both in oligospermic patients with less than 10 millions spermatozoa per ml preoperatively, and in patients with a higher number of spermatozoa. Particularly, a marked improvement in the valid motility and morphology of spermatozoa was observed. The biological index of a successful treatment in correcting infertility is represented by the high number (51) of successful pregnancies in the wives of operated patients. It is to be underlined that measurements of spermatic vein pressure, phlebography and intraoperative cineradioscopy completely avoid recurrence that otherwise affects about 5 to 6% of operated patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Public perception of ex-mental patients.

Data are presented from two studies which show that perceptions of ex-mental patients appear to derive from a lack of information and that the provision of information alters the perception of former patients. Perceived unpredictability of behavior and dangerousness seem to form a dyad that causes the public to fear the mentally ill. More positive perceptions of mildly ill ex-mental patients were obtained when subjects were given short paragraphs describing typical behaviors and symptoms. These findings support the notion that a fear-motivated threat recoil cycle process is likely to be evoked by attempts to establish locally based treatment facilities, particularly in residential communities.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1975

The effect of increased information upon community perception of ex-mental patients.

Data are presented for 30 suburban homeowners, which suggest they respond differentially to three levels of severity when rating the concept ex-mental patients via the semantic differential technique after having been given descriptive information about typical symptoms and behaviors. This finding contrasts with those from a previous study of similar suburbanites which indicated nonindividuation among severity of illness levels under minimal information conditions. A more favorable perception of mildly ill ex-mental patients resulted from the exposure to more information.

Attitude↗
PubMed1975

Combination drug therapy for the psychogeriatric patient: comparison of dosage levels of the same psychotropic drugs, used singly and in combination.

The dosage levels for a number of frequently prescribed psychotropic drugs, used singly or in combination, were determined in 902 long-term psychogeriatric hospital patients. The data failed to support the hypothesis that physicians prescribe lower dosages when combination therapy is used. Rather, the tendency was toward higher dosages under these circumstances.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The treatment of male subfertility with kallikrein.

In a controlled double blind trial the effectiveness and tolerability of Kallikrein in patients suffering from astheno-oligozoospermia was examined in comparison to placebo. 30 patients with astheno-oligozoospermia of idiopathic origin entered the study; they were subdivided into two homogeneous groups of 15 patients each. Group A was treated with 600 K.U. daily for 3 months, group B received placebo tablets. In the Kallikrein group all parameters improved, as sperm motility, volume of semen, sperm concentration, total sperm value, and rate of normal spermatozoa. No changes of endocrinological findings were observed. Three pregnancies occurred in this group. No conceptions were observed in the wives of those patients treated with placebo (group B). Tolerability was very good in all patients.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗