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D Carles

Publications and source records attributed to D Carles.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Ontogeny of the striatal neurons expressing the D1 dopamine receptor in humans.

We studied D1 dopamine receptor (D1R) gene expression in the human striatum during ontogeny by in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and D1R ligand autoradiography. D1R mRNA, protein, and binding sites ([3H]SCH 23390) were detected in the striatum from week 12 of fetal life. At this time, D1R mRNA was predominant in the striosomal neurons; D1R immunoreactivity (D1R-IR) and D1R binding sites displayed a pattern similar to D1R mRNA. D1R-IR was essentially present in striosomal cell bodies and neuropil, whereas only a few cell bodies were detected in the matrix. From week 20 of fetal life, D1R gene expression developed in the matrix neurons as well, thus leading to an even D1R mRNA expression throughout striosomes and matrix compartments at birth. Comparative analysis of the expression of D1R and dynorphin mRNA show the same developmental patchy pattern up to week 26. Indeed, neurons expressing the D1R gene contain dynorphin mRNA; in contrast, they do not express the preproenkephalin A gene. At birth, the pattern of D1R mRNA expression level was sharply different from that of dynorphin (DYN) gene expression. High DYN mRNA expression was restricted to the striosomes, whereas high D1R mRNA expression was present in the whole striatum. These results demonstrate that, during human ontogeny, functional D1 receptors are expressed as early as week 12 in the striatum, developing initially in the striosomal neurons containing high dynorphin mRNA content. Toward the end of fetal life, there is a dissociation between D1R and DYN expression levels, suggesting that neuroanatomical or neurochemical modifications occur at this period, which may contribute to the regulation of the tone of the striatal D1R and DYN gene with topological specificity.

Corpus Striatum↗
PubMed1996

[Primitive extracranial meningioma: a case report of intratemporal and naso-sinusal localization].

The authors report on the rare extracranial locations regarding a case of infratemporal fossa and paranasal sinus meningioma. These tumours formulate pathogenic questions, the hypothesis of which are exposed. Diagnosis gets difficult because of the atypical location of these meningiomas. Computerized tomography scan is the examination of choice for assessing the extension of these lesions. The only treatment is surgical.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

[Chondroma and chondrosarcoma of the larynx: apropos of 4 cases].

Chondroma and laryngeal chondrosarcomas, tumours of variable malignancy, are rare but a source of concern given their location and the surgery involved. Their anatomical limits and classification are still difficult, to the extent that the diagnosis of chondroma is often questioned. Of the four cases reported, two presented a high degree of malignancy, including one with metastasis. Two required a total laryngectomy, and two a partial laryngectomy with a costal cartilage graft in one case.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Ontogeny of the striatal neurons expressing neuropeptide genes in the human fetus and neonate.

The distribution patterns of neurons expressing mRNAs for four neuropeptides in the human striatum were studied during ontogeny by the use of in situ hybridization. The results of our study demonstrate that somatostatin, enkephalin, dynorphin, and substance P mRNAs are present in striatal neuronal populations from week 12 of fetal life. Each neuronal population undergoes a specific differentiation. Neurons containing somatostatin mRNA are scattered throughout the caudate-putamen up until birth. Neurons containing enkephalin, dynorphin, or substance P mRNAs evolve throughout fetal life in relation to caudate-putamen and patch-matrix compartmentalization. Neurons containing enkephalin mRNA (distinct from those containing substance P or dynorphin mRNAs) are present in the matrix from week 12 of fetal life. These neurons are preferentially distributed in the matrix and, at birth, display higher enkephalin mRNA content in the matrix than in the patches. Dynorphin mRNA is found in the caudate and putamen, preferentially in the patch neurons; nevertheless, a low level of dynorphin mRNA is also present in neurons of the caudate matrix. Substance P mRNA is initially restricted to caudate neurons. At birth, both substance P and dynorphin mRNAs are expressed at high levels in the patches. These results demonstrate that each neuropeptide gene is expressed during human fetal life in neurons with a specific topology and pace of development in relation to caudate-putamen and patch-matrix differentiation. These results also contribute evidence that neurochemical evolution of the striatal neuronal populations is not complete at birth in humans.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1995

Early prenatal diagnosis of ventricular diverticulum complicated by serous pericardial effusion.

An unusual case of apical diverticulum complicated by serous pericardial effusion and diagnosed ultrasonographically at 13 weeks of gestation is described. A therapeutic abortion was induced at 14 weeks and the complete post-mortem examination did not show additional malformation. Cardiac diverticulum is a rare malformation that occurs as an isolated defect or as part of a complex midline thoraco-abdominal defect. Only two prenatally diagnosed cases have been previously reported in the literature and none with associated hydropericardium.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1995

[Prenatal diagnosis of nuchal edemas and cystic hygromas of the neck. 49 cases].

OBJECTIVES: Determine the pathogenesis of fetal nuchal oedema and cystic hygromas of the neck and establish prenatal prognosis factors. METHODS: Retrospective study of 49 cases including 35 early diagnoses (10 to 14 weeks gestation) and 14 late diagnosis (after 15 weeks). Chorial villosity biopsy was performed for fetal karyotype. RESULTS: The global rate of genetic or chromosomic abnormalities in the fetuses was 47%. The fetuses with nuchal associated with other echographic anomalies had a high risk of chromosomic aberrations (80%). Fetuses with nuchal oedema alone during the first trimester had a higher risk of trisomy 21 proportionally with the age of the mother and paradoxically no trisomy 21 was found in women under 30 years of age. When early nuchal oedema regressed spontaneously in an euploid fetus, echographic surveillance can be proposed to detect possible polymalformation syndromes discovered late. Cystic hygromas of the neck were diagnosed from 15 weeks gestation and were always pathologic. CONCLUSION: Interpreting nuchal images in the fetus must take into account the echographic term at discovery and its isolated or associated nature. Further studies are needed to determine indications for chorial villosity biopsy in mothers under 30 with a fetus with isolated nuchal oedema which regresses spontaneously during the first trimester.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1994

Human airway smooth muscle responsiveness in neonatal lung specimens.

The mechanical activity of proximal airways isolated from human lung specimens obtained at autopsy from 11 neonates was studied in response to the following compounds: carbachol, histamine, potassium chloride (KCl), neurokinin A (NKA) (both in the presence and in the absence of the neutral endopeptidase inhibitor phosphoramidon) and isoproterenol. Isometric responses to the various concentrations of each of the compounds were expressed as both raw values of force normalized to smooth muscle cross-sectional area (SMCSA), i.e., muscle stress and percentages of the maximal response to acetylcholine. Maximal active muscle stress of human neonatal bronchi was induced by carbachol and averaged 95 +/- 25 mN/mm2 SMCSA (n = 8). The rank of maximal force induced by the contractile agonists was carbachol > histamine > KCl > NKA, and the rank of the concentration of drug producing one-half of the maximum effect (EC50) was NKA < carbachol < histamine < KCl. The EC50 value for isoproterenol was the lowest, although it generated the smallest mechanical response. When compared with results obtained under identical experimental conditions in the human adult lung, except for carbachol and isoproterenol, general trends were an increase in force generation with age and little changes in EC50 values. There was a decrease in carbachol-induced force with age, whereas the opposite was observed with isoproterenol. We conclude that most of the mechanisms that control airway tone in humans are already present in the neonate. Alterations in the response to agonists with the maturational process may have implications in the pharmacologic modulation of bronchial obstruction in neonates.

Carbachol↗
PubMed1994

[Lethal hydrops fetalis secondary to an umbilical cord hemangioma].

We report an umbilical cord hemangioma associated with an hydrops fetalis and detected by ultrasonography at 21 week's gestation. Because of the fetal distress, a caesarean section was performed at 28 weeks'. The infant died soon after birth despite resuscitation. The post-mortem examination showed an extensive accumulation of serous fluid in the fetal tissues and the body cavities, and major pulmonary hypoplasia. The umbilical cord contained a grossly fusiform tumor which fulfilled the pathological criteria of an umbilical cord hemangioma. Umbilical cord hemangiomas are very unusual tumors and are rarely associated with a fetal hydrops. This tumor is a cause of increased maternal serum and amniotic fluid alpha-foetoprotein levels. Although it is usually isolated, it is imperative to search for associated malformations or angiomas that may clinically manifest later.

Fatal Outcome↗
PubMed1992

[Cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung, bilateral renal agenesis and left heart hypoplasia. An unusual association in Potter's syndrome].

We describe an autopsy case of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung (CCAM) associated with bilateral renal agenesis. Prenatal ultrasound examination showed additional left heart hypoplastic syndrome. A therapeutic abortion was induced at 23 weeks of gestation. The association CCAM-bilateral renal agenesis is a rare condition (5 cases previously described) which has to be known because of the mitigation effect of the CCAM on the oligohydramnios determined by bilateral renal agenesis. However, this instance is usually associated with oligohydramnios. The pathogenesis of polyhydramnios in isolated CCAM is discussed in regard with these data.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1992

[Leiomyosarcoma of the larynx: presentation of a case].

The authors report a new case of laryngeal leiomyosarcoma. The patient was a 43-year-old-man. The tumor extended to the left vocal cord, the paraglottic space and the deep layers of the left false vocal cord. Histologically, the lesion showed the typical pattern of a grade-3 leiomyosarcoma. Immunochemical studies revealed a strong positive staining with the actin smooth muscle antisera. A partial laryngectomy was performed. There was no evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease 10 months after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Idiopathic arterial calcification in a stillborn complicated by pleural hemorrhage and hydrops fetalis.

We report a case of idiopathic arterial calcification in a stillborn. As usually noted in this rare entity, the pregnancy was complicated by a polyhydramnios. The postmortem examination showed generalized arterial calcification, periarticular calcific deposits, and a large pleural hemorrhage. The causes of fetal hydrops in idiopathic infantile calcification are discussed, and, in the present case, the absence of myocardial ischemic lesion suggests that the fetal hydrops and the fetal death could have been caused by the bulky blood clot that was present in the right pleural cavity. The pathogenesis remains undetermined, but a primitive inherent defect of the elastic elements seems to initiate this disorder.

Aorta↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of 1410 examinations of fetal pathology at the University Hospitals of Bordeaux].

We present a retrospective study of 1,410 fetal pathological examinations performed in the department of pathology of the CHU de Bordeaux. Initially, the recruitment of the cases was limited to the three maternity units of the CHU. Public and private maternities and departments of pediatrics from the whole of Aquitaine (S.W. province) as well as a certain number of neighbouring provinces now send us their material for analysis. Fetal pathological examination is systematically indicated in cases concerning spontaneous abortion, pregnancies terminated after prenatal diagnosis and stillbirths. Autopsies performed on children aged from 0 to 1 year have been included. The same technique has been used for all examinations and the data have been recorded on a computerized system (Centre Régional d'Informatique Hospitalière). Current data analysis for age at death, sex-ratio, maternal age, mode of abortion and pathological conditions are given. We found at least one pathological anomaly in 43.2% of the spontaneously aborted fetuses and stillbirths. Nevertheless, our aim is to demonstrate that foetopathology units can play a role not only for diagnoses having a significant impact on genetic counseling, but also as a database for epidemiological studies.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1991

[Local approaches to extensions of laryngeal cancers: implications for anatomo-pathological testing of surgically removed specimens after laryngectomy].

The pathological examination of partial or total laryngectomy specimens for primary laryngeal cancer presents some difficulties that are related to the complex anatomical configuration of this organ. Moreover, the local spread is depending on the primary location of the lesion. The pathological findings are of special importance because they are used for planning postoperative treatment and for predicting prognosis. The gross study is the most important time but it needs to be completed by histopathological study on whole organ serial sections or on selected parts. This last event is often the only appropriate one for routine examination but it needs to know as well as possible the usual modes of invasion in accordance to the primary location. This work presents the results of the pathological topographic study in 251 partial or total laryngectomy specimens that were removed because of primary laryngeal cancer.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Fetus in fetu and acardiac monster: can the similar patterns of these 2 malformations be explained by a common morphogenic mechanism?].

Fetus in fetu and acardiac monster are two unusual malformations (estimated incidences: 1 in 500,000 and 1 in 34,600 deliveries respectively) which present very similar morphological patterns. The authors report two cases of acardiac monster and a case of fetus in fetu which emphasize this fact. These findings suggest that a single morphogenic mechanism leads to the defects observed in these two groups of malformations.

Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid↗
PubMed1990

[Intraperitoneal testicular fetus in fetu].

A 5-month-old boy presented with a right flank abdominal mass. Plain film of the abdomen showed a vertebral column within the mass. Surgery confirmed the diagnosis of fetus in fetu developed within an ectopic intraperitoneal right testicle. Fetus in fetu differs from teratoma by the presence of axial skeleton and organogenesis. When intratumoral axial skeleton is present, plain films are sufficient for the diagnosis.

Axis, Cervical Vertebra↗