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Biomedical subjects

D Casey

Publications and source records attributed to D Casey.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

What's happening with consumer participation?

Consumer empowerment, both individually and within the service, is a growing trend in mental health. This trend is such that consumers are having more input into the service being provided. Shared control is a wave of the future, thereby increasing consumer empowerment not only within the service but within our own lives. The road is long and there are many bumps along the way for both the consumer and the health worker, yet the results of consumers leading quality lifestyles gives other consumers hope that they too can be capable of being active participants rather than relying on others to take care of them.

Consumer Advocacy↗
PubMed1994

LFA-1 integrin redistribution during T-cell hybridoma invasion of hepatocyte cultures and manganese-induced adhesion to ICAM-1.

We have reported previously that the integrin LFA-1 is essential for metastasis of T-cell hybridomas to the liver. We show here that hepatocytes isolated from normal non-inflamed rat liver express intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) at the dorsal surface and more prominently at the lateral and substratum-adherent surfaces. Anti-rat ICAM-1 mAb inhibited adhesion of TAM8C4 T-cell hybridoma cells to hepatocytes. Invasion between hepatocytes was not affected, but this is probably due to lack of penetration of the mAb between the hepatocytes. In all hepatocyte-adherent TAM8C4 cells, LFA-1 was concentrated at the adhesion site. Redistribution of ICAM-1 to the interacting hepatocyte membrane was also seen, but only for part of the adherent TAM8C4 cells. LFA-1 was highly concentrated on pseudopods of invading TAM8C4 cells inserted between hepatocytes, and on the upper surface of invaded TAM8C4 cells located under the hepatocytes. ICAM-1 was concentrated in the hepatocyte membrane overlying TAM8C4 cells located underneath the monolayer. These results suggests that ICAM-1 is of major importance for liver invasion by these lymphoma cells. For optimal adhesion to ICAM-1, LFA-1 on T-cell hybridomas requires activation, which apparently occurs upon contact with cell layers that are invaded (G. La Rivière et al., J. Cell Sci. 107, 551-559, 1994). LFA-1 can be activated artificially by Mn2+. To study LFA-1 redistribution upon ICAM-1 interaction with higher resolution, we performed immuno-EM on cells before and after Mn(2+)-induced adhesion and spreading on immobilized ICAM-1. By immune fluorescence, LFA-1 was observed to redistribute to the ICAM-1-adherent surface, and to be concentrated in lamellipodia of spreading TAM8C4 cells. By immuno-EM, LFA-1 was localized in microclusters of approximately 10 gold particles. This was seen in cells fixed in suspension, and the size of these clusters did not change upon adhesion to ICAM-1. LFA-1 was present at high density in thin filopodia, but again in microclusters of similar size. Comparable results were obtained with a cytotoxic T-cell clone. We conclude that Mn(2+)-induced activation of LFA-1 is not associated with the formation or enlargement of LFA-1 clusters.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Continuous infusion high-dose leucovorin with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin for untreated stage IV carcinoma of the head and neck.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To study the activity of continuous infusion cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and high-dose leucovorin (PFL) as induction chemotherapy in patients with previously untreated, advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. DESIGN: Nonrandomized, prospective trial. SETTING: A comprehensive cancer center. PATIENTS: Thirty-five patients (4 patients [11%], stage III; 31 patients [89%], stage IV [MO]), all evaluable for response and toxicity. INTERVENTIONS: Two to three cycles of PFL before definitive, local-regional therapy (surgery and radiation therapy or radiation therapy alone). Chemotherapy included continuous intravenous infusion of cisplatin (25 mg/m2 body surface area daily, days 1 through 5); 5-fluorouracil (800 mg/m2 body surface area daily, days 2 through 6); and leucovorin (500 mg/m2 body surface area daily, days 1 through 6) administered once every 28 days. Pathologic response was evaluated by surgical resection or biopsy. Serum-reduced folates were measured before and 18 hours after the initiation of chemotherapy. RESULTS: A clinical response to PFL was achieved in 28 of 35 (80%) patients: 23 (66%) patients had a complete response (90% CI, 50% to 79%) and 5 (14%) patients, a partial response. A complete response was confirmed pathologically in 14 of 19 (74%) patients. The most common toxicity was mucositis (grade 2 to 3; 94% of patients). Dose reduction for toxicity was necessary in 11 (31%) patients. There were no treatment-related deaths. Serum levels of leucovorin and (6S)5-methyltetrahydrofolate were measured in 7 patients. After 18 hours, the mean leucovorin level (+/- SD) was 34.3 +/- 1.5 mumol/L, of which only 8.0 +/- 0.5% was the active 6S isomer. The mean serum (6S)5-methyltetrahydrofolate was 9.2 +/- 0.6 mumol/L. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous infusion cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and high-dose leucovorin is a new and highly active chemotherapy regimen that can achieve clinical and pathologically confirmed complete responses in a substantial proportion of patients with advanced, local-regional squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Further studies are needed to confirm the activity of PFL and to determine its potential impact on local tumor control and disease-free and overall survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Behavioral strategies for the reduction of pain and anxiety associated with orthopedic trauma.

This study examined the efficacy of behavioral strategies in alleviating pain and anxiety associated with severe orthopedic trauma. Sixty-four patients with multiple fractures were divided into four groups: (1) control, (2) attention only, (3) EMG biofeedback-assisted relaxation, and (4) audiotaped relaxation training. All were measured over at least six sessions, or as long as hospital stay permitted. Significant between group differences were found on the following: systolic blood pressure, peripheral temperature, subjective units of discomfort, state anxiety, with a trend for use of sleep medications. No differences were found on other vital signs, EMG recordings, or other medications. EMG-biofeedback relaxation and relaxation training were relatively equivalent for all measures, and little or no change was observed for those patients who received attention only or served as controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Carotid 'blow out'.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed1984

Parasymphyseal insufficiency fractures of the os pubis.

Twelve parasymphyseal insufficiency fractures of the os pubis are described in eight osteopenic postmenopausal women, three of whom had rheumatoid arthritis. The fractures involved both right and left pubic bones in three women. Radiographically lesions often appear deceptively destructive and malignant. In six patients, biopsy was performed and showed no tumor. Biopsy can be avoided in an osteopenic woman with recent increased activity, pubic pain, and the characteristic pubic lesion.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

The titanium/silicone rubber clip for female sterilization.

A composite titanium/silicone rubber clip has been developed for female sterilization. The 12.7 mm long metal clip is lined with silicone rubber and is bent round the Fallopian tube by means of an applicator that can be used laparoscopically. As tubal necorsis occurs, the rubber expands to keep the lumen blocked. The tube eventually divides and the stumps heal closed. Since the Mark 3 version of the clip was introduced, over 5700 women in several countries have been sterilized. The first 540 British women who were followed-up for five to 17 months experienced one method failure (ectopic) and tow operator failures, to total failure rate of 5.5/1000. Clip-related complications were minimal and long-term sequelae were comparable to tubal ligation. The clip causes minimal destruction but still seems effective for tubal occlusion and it can accommodate thick tubes.

Adolescent↗