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Biomedical subjects

D Clinton

Publications and source records attributed to D Clinton.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Reasons for non-participation in follow-up research on eating disorders.

OBJECTIVE: Lack of participation in follow-ups is thought to be a serious bias in outcome research on eating disorders; however, little systematic knowledge exists about the problem. The present study aimed to delineate non-participation in long-term follow-up research, and explore the reasons for non-participation. METHOD: Eating disorder patients (N=840) entering a naturalistic, longitudinal multi-centre study were divided into participators (N=508) and non-participators (N=332) in 36-month follow-ups. Non-participators were further classified as either active (i.e. refused participation or failed to attend scheduled appointments) or passive non-participators (i.e. could not be traced). RESULTS: Active non-participators exhibited significantly lower levels of general and eating disorder psychopathology at intake compared to participators, while passive non-participators reported higher levels of hostility. DISCUSSION: Systematic exploration of non-participation in longitudinal research can help to mitigate the problem of indistinct results due to missing data. Barriers to successful longitudinal research and how to overcome non-participation at endpoint are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Expectations and experiences of treatment in eating disorders.

The present study presents the development of a self-report measure of treatment expectations and experiences for eating disorder patients. Patients participating in a Swedish multi-center study (N = 461) who had been followed-up 6 months after initial assessment were examined on the Eating Disorder Patient's Expectations and Experiences of Treatment Questionnaire (EDPEX). The scale consists of 14 items comprising three subscales (Support, Control, and Insight). Separate versions were used for measuring expectations and subsequent experiences of treatment interventions. Inter-item reliability was satisfactory, and principal components analysis reflected the scale structure. When treatment experiences and change in eating disorder and psychiatric symptomatology were used to predict treatment satisfaction, experiences of support alone predicted 22% of the variance in treatment satisfaction one year later. The EDPEX can be a useful and economical measure for assessing treatment expectations and experiences among eating disorder patients.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

Simultaneous caries induction and calculus formation in rats.

Weanling specific pathogen-free Osborne-Mendel rats were fed a high-calcium, high-phosphorus diet with various levels of sucrose and inoculated with Streptococcus sobrinus strain 6715-13WT and Actinomyces viscosus strain OMZ-105 in order to determine whether calculus and caries could develop simultaneously. Rats consumed diets designated RC-16-5, RC-16-25, or RC-16-50 which partially replaced the corn starch component with progressively higher levels of sucrose, thus, to 5, 25, or 50% sucrose. In general, bacterial recoveries of A. viscosus declined with higher sucrose content of the diet, but a pattern of recovery for S. sobrinus was less clear with respect to dietary sucrose. S. sobrinus, however, was recovered at higher percentages from the tooth surface flora at the later two of three sampling dates. Most calculus--identified by the brittle quality, staining characteristics, and apatitic x-ray diffraction patterns of tooth surface deposits--was formed on the maxillary molars, and most carious lesions occurred on mandibular molars. While there was minimal association of the calculus score with the amount of sucrose in the diet, calculus scores increased greatly from 23 to 43 days after infectious challenge. Caries scores, of both fissure and smooth surfaces, by contrast, increased in a dose-response fashion with increasing dietary sucrose and with time. It is thus possible to induce calculus formation and caries simultaneously in specific pathogen-free Osborne-Mendel rats consuming a high-calcium and -phosphorus diet conducive to calculus formation and containing sucrose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actinomyces viscosus↗
PubMed1980

Vesicular and ulcerative infections of the mouth and oropharynx.

Many infectious diseases involve the mouth and oropharynx. Classification by age of patient, type of lesion, and local or systemic involvement provides the clinician with important diagnostic information. Differential diagnosis rests on adequate history and physical examination. Lesions with vesicular phases are usually viral; ulcerative lesions may be bacterial, viral, fungal, mycobacterial, or spirochetal. Easily performed staining techniques and cultures usually provide useful diagnostic information. Other studies, such as biopsy, serologic evaluation, and electron microscopy may occasionally be necessary.

Diagnosis, Differential↗