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Biomedical subjects

D Close

Publications and source records attributed to D Close.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

BPRS syndrome scales during the course of an episode of psychiatric illness.

This report examines changes in symptom levels on the four major syndrome scales from the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS): thought disturbance, paranoid disturbance, anxiety/depression, and emotional withdrawal/motor retardation. Baseline BPRS ratings were obtained during the first week of hospitalization for an acute episode of psychiatric illness, in 120 patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and depression. BPRS ratings were carried out in the week prior to discharge. Findings indicated that patients with schizoaffective disorder showed a greater magnitude of general clinical improvement than schizophrenics, although both groups had comparable improvement on thought disorder from admission to discharge. Paranoid symptoms did not recover as completely among schizophrenics compared to schizoaffective disorder patients. As expected, anxiety and depression symptoms remitted most prominently among the depressed inpatients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Neuropsychological dysfunction and clinical outcome in psychiatric disorders: a two-year follow-up study.

The presence of neuropsychological disturbances in schizophrenia and mood disorders raises the question that cognitive impairments might contribute to poor outcome. This report examines changes in neuropsychological performance from hospitalization to a 2-year follow-up evaluation in relation to psychosocial outcome. Findings indicated that unfavorable clinical outcome is associated with marginal changes in neuropsychological performance, whereas good outcome status is associated with neuropsychological improvement. Neuropsychological improvement may thus require a stable period of favorable psychosocial recovery, in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, as well as major mood disorder syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The effects of formulation and addition of adrenaline to cocaine for haemostasis in intranasal surgery.

Twenty patients presenting for submucous resection of the nasal septum under general anaesthesia were randomly allocated to four groups to receive either 1.0 ml 25% cocaine HCl in paraffin paste, 1.0 ml 25% cocaine HCl combined with 0.1% adrenaline in paraffin paste, 4.0 ml aqueous 4% cocaine HCl combined with 0.05% adrenaline or 4.0 ml aqueous 4% cocaine HCl on ribbon gauze applied to the nasal mucosa. Mean intraoperative blood loss was significantly decreased when the 25% cocaine 0.1% adrenaline combination in paraffin paste was used (11 (SD 8) ml, 60 (SD 30) ml, P less than 0.05, for adrenaline and plain paste respectively). Combination of adrenaline with cocaine in the aqueous formulation was not associated with a significant decrease in blood loss compared with aqueous cocaine alone (75 (SD 51), 96 (SD 66) ml respectively). Cocaine adrenaline paste and plain cocaine paste were associated with higher mean maximum cocaine blood concentrations (1.6 (SD 1.4), 2.0 (SD 1.5) micrograms/ml respectively) when compared with aqueous cocaine adrenaline and aqueous cocaine alone (0.03 (SD 0.003), 0.5 (SD 0.3) microgram/ml respectively). Heart rate and blood pressure changes were similar in all four groups and cardiovascular toxicity was not observed. One ml of topical intranasal 25% cocaine HCl with 0.1% adrenaline in paraffin paste provided the best haemostasis for nasal septal surgery.

Adult↗