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Biomedical subjects

D Cooke

Publications and source records attributed to D Cooke.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

An ethnic comparison of self-esteem in Portuguese-, Mexican-, and Anglo-American pupils.

Three groups of Portuguese-, Mexican-, and Anglo-American boys and girls (N - 158) from 5th through 8th grade were compared in self-esteem. The results of the chi square test indicated that there were no significant differences between Mexican and Anglo Ss. However, significant differences were observed when the Portuguese Ss were compared to the other two groups. Here it was discovered that Portuguese boys--but not girls--had significantly higher self-esteem than all other Ss.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Ankylosing spondylitis: klebsiella and HL-A B27.

A search for the presence of Klebsiella-Enterobacter spp. and Yersinia enterocolitica in urine and faeces of 63 patients with ankylosing spondylitis was conducted because these microorganisms have been demonstrated to cross-react immunologically with HL-A B27 positive lymphocytes. The patients were graded into three groups on the basis of disease activity. Klebsiella spp. were found in the faeces of 13 (93%) of the 14 patients with 'active' disease, 10 (48%) of the 21 patients with 'probably active' disease and in one (4%) of the 28 patients with 'inactive' disease. Positive cultures were also obtained in 47 (38%) of 124 controls. It is suggested that the presence of Klebsiella spp. in faecal cultures may be associated with 'active' disease in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Use of the dog spleen for studying effects of irradiation and chemotherapeutic agents, with suggested uses of other organs.

The irradiation of the exteriorized spleen of the dog, with the animal lead-shielded, produced constant changes in the white blood cells. The time of recovery from the irradiation effect was determined. The normal canine spleen could handle live pneumococci injected into the splenic artery, as proven by sterile cultures of splenic vein samples. The size of the bolus used was determined by repeated trials and proved to be one billion pneumococci per pound of body weight. The capacity of the irradiated spleen to handle this number of pneumococci was impaired. It was found that whole body irradiation, nitrogen mustard, thio-tepa, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, vinblastine, and azothioprine all impaired this capacity of the spleen. The dose of the chemotherapeutic agent was the same in milligrams per kilogram as that used in the cancer clinic. A method for determining the recovery time following the use of one or more agents was developed with the repeated use of the spleen model. By extending the methods used with the spleen it was found that similar use could be made, usually without surgery, of the liver, gut, and lungs (and probably the kidney and brain).

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Stability of population growth determined by 2 X 2 Leslie matrix with density-dependent elements.

The matrix considered contains four elements, each a function of total number. A special case for which the matrix may be appropriate is when the population may be divided into juveniles and adults, and the survival rates and fecundity are the same for all members of each group. This is true, at least approximatley, for many species of birds. The conditions for stability are determined and are illustrated with a model based on the data collected on the Marley Wood, Oxford, population of the Great tit (Parus major L.). A reformulation of the conditons permits comparison with the conditions for a population with identical survival rates and fecundity for all age groups, i.e., a population without effective age structure. Conditions under which the age structure may be ignored when discussing stability are considered.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Lymphokines in rheumatoid synovitis.

In antigen-induced experimental arthritis of rabbits, a macrophage migration inhibitory factor was released from the inflamed synovial tissues. A migration inhibitory factor, blastogenic factor, and B-cell-stimulating factor were also found in human rheumatoid synovial fluids and culture supernatants of rheumatoid tissue explants. Joint fluids from patients with inflammatory conditions other than RA sometimes also displayed these activities. OA fluids were usually inactive. At present, little is known of the origin or role in vivo of the lymphokine-like activities observed in the joints of rheumatoid patients. In related experiments, injection of lymphokine-rich antigen-free lymphocyte supernatants into normal rabbit knee joints produced a synovitis characterized by lining layer hyperplasia and infiltration of the sublining layer by macrophages. The lymphocytic and plasmacytic components seen in active antigen-induced synovitis were absent. It seems likely that some of the changes observed in active chronic synovitis are mediated by soluble factors of the lymphokine variety.

Animals↗
PubMed1969

Mosquitoes feeding on insect larvae.

Caged Aedes aegypti and Culex tarsalis are attracted to insect larvae, engorge on their body fluids, and produce viable eggs. Attractiveness of the larvae is related to their size, shape, and color but not to their movement. The possibility that wild mosquitoes substitute insect hemolymph for vertebrate blood is discussed.

Aedes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Atheromatous embolism: an unusual case of acute lower extremity ischemia.

A case is presented of lower extremity ischemia related to atheromatous embolization that presumably occurred as a result of passage of an angiographic catheter through the aorta. The patient presented with signs and symptoms pathognomonic for this entity. Emergency physicians need to be aware of this unusual etiology for an ischemic lower extremity.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study of the combined effect of ACTH(gel) and D-penicillamine on the functional disability of patients with rheumatoid disease.

Over a 6-year period, in 48 patients given concomitant D-penicillamine and ACTH(gel), the rapid induction of remission of the rheumatoid disease as judged by return to work in full and gainful employment was achieved in 77% within 1 month, in 71% by the end of 3 years, by which time 89% had achieved either Steinbrocker functional class I or II. Side effects were strikingly low in our patients with this regime, except for nephrotoxicity (10%); skin rash, dysgeusia and thrombocytopenia in 1 patient only and all patients were free of any gastrointestinal upset. Subsequent treatment of the failures with gold produced an overall remission rate of 90% in 3 years.

Adolescent↗