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Biomedical subjects

D Cros

Publications and source records attributed to D Cros.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Quadriceps myopathy or amyotrophic quadriceps syndrome. Nosologic study apropos of 10 cases].

Quadricipital myopathies are often mentioned but have been described in only about 10 papers. Based on a review of the literature and 10 personal cases, the term "quadricipital amyotrophic syndrome" is proposed for a group of affections which can currently be divided into: 1) primary muscular dystrophies: pure quadricipital myopathy, quadricipital myopathy "plus", lumbopelvifemoral myopathy though it is doubtful whether the latter should be included; 2) metabolic muscular disorders; 3) chronic polymyositis localized to the quadriceps; 4) spinal amyotrophy localized to the quadriceps.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Plasmocytic meningitis in multiple myeloma. An anatomo-clinical observation].

A confusional state due to hypercalcemia led to the discovery of multiple myeloma in a 73 year old man. The recurrence of a confusional state, related to plasma cell meningitis called for hospitalization. Serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid immunoelectrophoresis revealed monoclonal immunoglobulines of lambda light chains. The pathologic study showed an invasion of the subarachnoid space by abnormal plasma cells. The dura mater and brain substance were not invaded. The leptomeningeal invasion by multiple myeloma plasma cells in a rare occurrence. We have found only three such cases published before. The analysis of our case and the three other leads to some comment. The clinical features are those of chronic meningitis revealed by a confusional study or epilepsy. The existence of abnormal plasma cells in the cerebrospinal fluid and their absence in the blood stream seems to suggest a local production of these cells. The histopathological study confirmed, in our case as in the others published, the massive invasion of the subarachnoid space by plasma cells while the dura mater is not invaded.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Algodystrophy: predisposition and pathogenic factors. Results of a multicentric survey concerning 765 cases].

The authors analyze the results of a cooperative and retrospective survey of seven hundred and sixty five cases of reflex dystrophies of all localizations. Most of the etiologies usually described were present. As for predisposing factors, some, such as psychic or vascular factors and alcoholism, seem to have been overestimated. Others, such as diabetes or hypertriglyceridemia, are confirmed as predisposing factors. Recurrent forms, the summation of trigger actions or predisposing factors are relatively rare. These findings can mean that the "reflex dystrophic ground", if it exists, remains largely to be discovered. Among the various possible localizations of reflex dystrophy, only the hip a real etiopathogenic individuality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Familial hemiplegic migraine: EEG and CT scan study of two cases.

The cases of a woman and her son with a long history (24 and 9 years, respectively) of hemiplegic migraine are presented. The mother demonstrated exclusively right-sided paralysis; in the son, paralysis occurred on each side. Electroencephalograms recorded during the attacks were characterized by pseudoperiodic slow sharp waves over the hemisphere contralateral to the hemiplegia. Between attacks the neurological examination and EEG were normal. CT scans performed during and between attacks showed no abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effects of lipid structure on the kinetics of carrier-mediated ion transport.

The mechanism of alkali-ion transport mediated by valinomycin (or similar macrocyclic carriers) may be studied using artificial planar bilayer membranes. The rate constants of the single transport steps (association and dissociation of the ion-carrier complex, translocation of free and complexed carrier) can be determined from electrical relaxation experiments. The turnover number of valinomycin which may be calculated from the rate constants is found to be 10(4)-10(5) s-1. Carriers of the valnomycin-type offer the possibility of studying the relationship between membrane structure and transport kinetics. Increasing the chain-length of the lipid strongly reduces the translocation rate constants of the free and the loaded carrier, and also (in the case of lecithin membranes) the association rate constant. Increasing the number of double bonds in the fatty-acid residue of the lipid leads to an inrease of the translocation rate constants. These effects are discussed in terms of microviscosity of the membrane. Addition of cholesterol to monoglyceride membranes seems to affect both the microviscosity and the dipolar potential at the membrane-solution interface.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1980

[Congenital muscular dystrophy].

Four patients with typical signs of congenital muscular dystrophy (C.M.D.), as described in the literature, are reported. In two young sisters born from consanguineous parents the presenting signs were severe congenital hypotonia in one and hypotonia with arthrogryposis in the other. The two other cases were adult patients with a long standing disease, the onset haring been marked by a transient neonatal hypotonia in one and by a congenital torticollis in the other. All 4 patients had progressively increasing muscle retractions, with absent reflexes in three. C.P.K. was moderately increased in all patients. Electromyography demonstrated myopathic abnormalities in 3 cases, associated in 2 cases with misleading pseudo-neurogenic signs. MUscle biopsy showed non specific changes compatible with muscular dystrophy: fibrosis and/or fat involution was marked in all cases, while necrosis of fibers was rarely observed. Histoenzymology and morphometry confirmed the absence of lesion specificity and their results were variable from case to case. A review of 92 published cases demonstrated that the course of the disease is very variable. A fatal outcome occurs in 15% of cases, while the affection becomes worse or remains stable with about the same frequency. A progressive worsening of muscle retractions is a characteristic finding in C.M.D. Genetically, most cases are of recessive autosomic. The current nosology of C.M.D. is probably inadequate, the clinical picture including cases that are likely to be due to different mechanisms that 2 present methods of investigation cannot demonstrate.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Polymyositis-dermatomyositis: diagnostic and prognostic significance of muscle alkaline phosphatase.

The distribution and intensity of alkaline phosphatase deposition in 54 patients with dermatomyositis-polymyositis (PM-DM) was analyzed by the enzyme histochemical method. Increased enzyme reactivity of endomysial capillaries was found in 28% of patients, equally distributed between adult onset PM (Group I) and PM-DM with overlap in other connective tissue diseases (Group V). Patients with high endomysial capillary reactivity (R1 larger than or equal to 60) responded poorly to steroids, had an increased incidence of rheumatoid factor, and had less fiber degeneration/necrosis in their biopsies. Twenty-two percent of patients demonstrated prominent perimysial phosphatase reactivity localized in newly formed collagen and fibroblasts. Thirty patients (55%) demonstrated significant numbers of alkaline-phosphatase-positive fibers positively correlated with increased fiber degeneration/necrosis, endomysial fibrosis, increased numbers of triglyceride-containing muscle fibers, and NADH tetrazolium reductase hyperreactivity. Minimal overlap between the three enzyme distribution patterns was found. Endomysial capillary activity probably represents endothelial alkaline phosphatase induction analogous to the pattern seen normally in lower mammals (rat, rabbit, guinea pig). Alkaline phosphatase fiber reactivity probably represents a particular phase in fiber regeneration/maturation especially after denervation and is positively correlated with an increased incidence of spontaneous fibrillation potentials in PM-DM.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Muscular involvement in osteomalacia: clinical, hystoenzymologic and ultrastructural study in 10 cases].

Osteomalacic myopathies are rare. They can prevail, however, and occur before bone abnormalities. The diagnosis must rest on clinical observation since the histopathologic images are not specific. On the other hand the demonstration of muscular weakness is very frequent during osteomalacia. In fact two types of manifestations correspond to the same anatomopathologic lesions. These are myopathic changes observed also during light microscopy, histoenzymologic and ultrastructural examination in the 10 patients examined. On the basis of these morphologic changes, muscular involvement can be considered to be part of the osteomalacia syndrome. The contribution of various factors including secondary hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D metabolism disorders, and phosphorus depletion is discussed. It is probable that many of them act together, causing reversible changes in muscular fibers. The intimate mechanisms of these changes are unknown.

Apyrase↗
PubMed1977

[2 cases of arthrogryposis].

The authors report two cases of arthrogryposis in two children of 7 1/2 and 13 years; the diagnostic criteria were those of Fisher, combining the joint limitations present since birth in at least two different regions, the absence of progressive neurological involvement, and evident amyotrophy. The different etiopathogenic theories are then discussed: review of the literature concerning cases of myopathic arthrogryposis is not very useful; the twelve cases mentioned in the literature are not homogenous, the histopathological findings were very variable, and the histoenzymological studies have been insufficient. The combination of neurological anomalies with arthrogryposis is undeniable (cerebral atrophy, depopulation of the anterior cornu, anterior radicular changes). They are not always present, however, and are insufficient to explain the symptoms. Consideration should be given to the question of whether the importance of the changes in the connective tissue are not underestimated: the proliferation of the connective tissue is, in fact, most of the time, the essential feature to be seen in a histological section. In connection with this "connective theory" it is important to recall the work of Ionasescu et al. (1970) who demonstrated in vitro the excessive synthesis of connective proteins in the muscles of patients with arthrogryposis.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cutaneous and muscular unmyelinated afferent fibres. Clinical, histological and experimental study. Possible explanation of muscular cramps (author's transl)].

Unmyelinated afferent fibres are the most numerous of the whole afferent component. Their function in nociception is now well established. However some recent data allow to think that their function is much more complex. Cutaneous unmyelinated afferences are evaluated in controls and in 3 groups of patients (painful neuropathies, painless neuropathies with hypesthesia, diabetic neuropathies). Amyelinic myelinic ratio is not in accordance with the gate control theory. Muscular afferent fibres are studied, especially the lateral gastrocnemius soleus nerve of cat. Their predominance is obvious. Our study was conducted by recording single unit activity from a micro electrod inserted in dorsal root ganglia. But 45% of unmyelinated fibres are not activated by various algesic stimuli. It is suggested that they have a function in cardio-pulmonary adaptation to effort and possibly segmental vascular control as homonymous reflex effect on moto-neuron. Their several properties are a possible explanation of muscular cramps.

Adult↗