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Biomedical subjects

D D'Alessio

Publications and source records attributed to D D'Alessio.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Insulin-like growth factor-I is related to glycemic control in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes.

To address the relationship of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) to diabetes control, we determined IGF-I levels in 137 subjects age 17 yr and younger with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a population-based cohort study between 3 and 11 months after diagnosis (mean 4.9 months). Initial determinations of IGF-I, 24-h urine C-peptide and microalbuminuria, age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, pubertal stage, and glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) were obtained. IGF-I levels ranged from 11-439 ng/mL, were strongly related to age (r = 0.74, P < 0.001), and were higher in females than males at any given age (P < 0.01). IGF-I was inversely related to GHb (partial r = -0.43, P < 0.001) after adjustment for sex and age. The relationship between IGF-I and GHb did not change between age groups (< 6, 6-9, > or = 10 yr of age; P = 0.50), and it did not change between prepubertal and pubertal subjects (P = 0.95). IGF-I was not related to 24-h urine C-peptide or microalbuminuria. These results suggest that lower IGF-I levels are related to poorer metabolic control of diabetes in the period following insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus diagnosis in all young persons regardless of age or pubertal status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A study of the proportions of swimmers among well controls and children with enterovirus-like illness shedding or not shedding an enterovirus.

CHildren between the ages of less than 1 year and 15 years who visited a pediatric clinic in Madison, Wisconsin, from June 13 through September 1, 1977, were surveyed for the frequency and location of swimming they had done in the two weeks prior to the clinic visit. The study population consisted of 679 well controls, and 296 children with enteroviral-like syndromes. Throat and rectal swab specimens were collected from 241 of the ill patients and from 27 well children. Non-polio enteroviruses were recovered from 119 ill and two well individuals. Other viruses were recovered from an additional 13 ill patients. The majority of viral-like syndromes were respiratory, with or without fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Exclusive beach swimmers had significantly (p less than 0.0005) increased relative risk (odds ratio estimate 3.41) of enterovirus illness. The highest relative risk (10.63) of enterovirus illness occurred in children less than 4 years old who were exclusive beach swimmers. Swimming in pools exclusively carried no significantly increased risk of enterovirus illness. Children with apparent viral illnesses based on clinical findings, who had no virus isolated, did not differ from well controls in the type of swimming exposure (either beaches or pools) in the two weeks prior to their clinic visit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Non-polio enterovirus activity in Wisconsin based on a 20-year experience in a diagnostic virology laboratory.

Laboratory test results, demographic information, and clinical data on 1364 patients who had specimens submitted to the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene and from whom non-polio enteroviruses were isolated during 1957--1976 were examined. Echoviruses (echo) and Coxsackievirus group B (CB) and group A (CA) were isolated from 719, 389, and 256 of the patients, respectively. Thirty-five different serotypes were identified in the 20-year period. The six most frequently occurring serotypes (echo 9, CB 5, echo 18, CB 2, CB 4, and echo 6) were associated with 57 per cent of all illnesses. The first three serotypes occurred in an epidemic-like manner whereas the next three appeared to be endemic. Eighty-eight per cent of all isolations were from patients whose illnesses began in July through October. The percentage of CA isolates obtained from adults was much smaller than the corresponding percentages seen with CB or echo. A majority of the non-polio enteroviruses were obtained from males. Central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract involvement was greatest with echo and CB 5 tract and lowest with CA and CB 1--4 illnesses. The highest frequency of respiratory tract involvement was with CA and echo 9 illnesses and rash was most frequent with CA illnesses. The highest frequency of hospitalization was with CB 5 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1970

Rapid detection and identification of respiratory viruses by direct immunofluorescence.

The use of fluorescein-conjugated antiserum against respiratory syncytial (RS) and parainfluenza 1 and 3 viruses was compared with conventional techniques in the rapid detection of virus in tissue cultures inoculated with pharyngeal specimens known to contain these viruses. Twenty-three specimens were tested: 9 RS, 8 parainfluenza 1, and 6 parainfluenza 3. The fluorescent-antibody technique (FA) detected virus in 52% of the tissue cultures in 24 hr, and, by 72 hr, 22 of the 23 cultures were FA-positive whereas only 5 were positive by conventional techniques. Additionally, conjugated antisera were prepared against herpes simplex, influenza A(2), and adenovirus type 5. All conjugates stained only the homologous virus and were 100- to 10,000-fold more sensitive than conventional techniques in detecting descending dilutions of virus inocula by 24 hr. With the procedures described, several antisera could be conjugated and ready for use within 24 hr. Serum fractionation was by ammonium sulfate precipitation, and with the procedure outlined virtually complete recovery of the globulin fraction and elimination of all of the albumin were accomplished.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

24-42 month stability of internal blood standards for glycated hemoglobin analysis.

The stability of fresh and out-of-date Blood Bank standards for quality control of glycated hemoglobin testing was extensively documented. Eight blood standards were prepared as aliquots of washed erythrocytes, stored at -70 degrees C, and assayed in duplicate repeatedly for 24 to 42 months. Significant differences over time were noted only occasionally, and exhibited no consistent trend. Ambient room temperature, 'season of the year', and various mini-column lot numbers had no consistent effect on any blood standard values. In conclusion, washed erythrocytes from controls and patients with IDDM can be stored for future analysis for at least 24 months at -70 degrees C. Out-of-date blood from the Blood Bank can be used with equal stability for at least 18 months.

Diabetes Mellitus↗