Biomedical subjects

D Dail

Publications and source records attributed to D Dail.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

Humoral immune response associated with lyme borreliosis in nonhuman primates: analysis by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with sonicates or recombinant proteins.

The immune response to Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, is complex. We studied the immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibody response to N40Br, a sensu stricto strain, in the rhesus macaque(nonhuman primate [NHP]) model of infection to identify the spirochetal protein targets of specific antibody. Antigens used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were whole-cell sonicates of the spirochete and recombinant proteins of B. burgdorferi. Immunoblotting with a commercially available strip and subsequent quantitative densitometry of the bands were also used. Sera from four different groups of NHPs were used: immunocompetent, transiently immunosuppressed, extended immunosuppressed, and uninfected. In immunocompetent and transiently immunosuppressed NHPs, there was a strong IgM and IgG response. Major proteins for the early IgM response were P39 and P41 and recombinant BmpA and OspC. Major proteins for the later IgG response were P39, P41, P18, P60, P66, and recombinant BmpA and DbpA. There was no significant response in the NHPs to recombinant OspA or to Arp, a 37-kDa protein that elicits an antibody response during infection in mice. Most antibody responses, except for that to DbpA, were markedly diminished by prolonged dexamethasone treatment. This study supports the hypothesis that recombinant proteins may provide a useful adjunct to current diagnostic testing for Lyme borreliosis.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Central and peripheral nervous system infection, immunity, and inflammation in the NHP model of Lyme borreliosis.

The relationship between chronic infection, antispirochetal immunity, and inflammation is unknown in Lyme neuroborreliosis. In the nonhuman primate model of Lyme neuroborreliosis, we measured spirochetal density in the nervous system and other tissues by polymerase chain reaction and correlated these values to anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibody in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid, and to inflammation in tissues. Despite substantial presence of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, in the central nervous system, only minor inflammation was present there, though skeletal and cardiac muscle, which contained similar levels of spirochete, were highly inflamed. Anti-Borrelia burgdoferi antibody was present in the cerebrospinal fluid but was not selectively concentrated. All infected animals developed anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibody in the serum, but increased amplitude of antibody was not predictive of higher levels of infection. These data demonstrate that Lyme neuroborreliosis is a persistent infection, that spirochetal presence is a necessary but not sufficient condition for inflammation, and that antibody measured in serum may not predict the severity of infection.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

Primary lung tumors infiltrated by osteoclast-like giant cells.

Six primary lung tumors with numerous multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells (OLGCs) and no osteogenic component were evaluated histologically and immunohistochemically to examine pulmonary lesions inciting an OLGC response. The patients comprised four women and two men ranging in age from 61 to 80 years (average age, 69 years). The tumors consisted of one adenocarcinoma, two sarcomatoid carcinomas, and three giant cell variants of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. One tumor was endobronchial in location, while five were situated peripherally. Tumor diameter spanned from 1 to 6.5 cm (average, 2.7 cm). In addition to the giant cells, common characteristics included the malignant nature of the neoplasms and, in five of six cases, histologically malignant mesenchyme. This array of cases exemplifies the variability of lung lesions which may elicit an OLGC inflammatory response resulting in areas resembling the giant cell variant of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The results of this study suggest that OLGCs occur preferentially in malignant rather than benign nonosteogenic lung tumors and that sarcomatoid regions of malignant tumors are more likely to be infiltrated by OLGCs than epithelial regions.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1984

Tumor microembolism: pulmonary perfusion pattern.

Three patients had radionuclide lung perfusion images that we believe to be typical of tumor microembolism. Autopsy confirmation was available in two of these cases. A brief review of pulmonary tumor microembolism is included.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Arterioportal communications: observations and hypotheses concerning transsinusoidal and transvasal types.

Arterioportal shunting is observed angiographically in a wide variety of pathologic conditions. The route of flow has classically been considered to be via the hepatic sinusoids (transsinusoidal). This route occurs in cases of cirrhosis or the Budd-Chiari syndrome, and results in retrograde hepatofugal flow in portal branches. More recently, a transvasal route has been recognized angiographically, in which portal flow often remains hepatopetal. The transvasal route occurs in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, metastases, shock, hepatic arterial obstruction, and many other conditions. Histologic confirmation of this route has been sought for many years, with other partial success. Nevertheless, angiographic evidence, as presented here, is sufficiently compelling to justify description of this pathway and its significance. Arterioportal flow may also occur via a post-traumatic fistula (disruption of adjacent portions of hepatic artery and portal vein), and via benign tumor vessels in hemangioma or hemangioendothelioma.

Adult↗