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Biomedical subjects

D Denis

Publications and source records attributed to D Denis.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Synthesis and biological activities of leukotriene F4 and leukotriene F4 sulfone.

Leukotriene F4 (LTF4) and LTF4 sulfone have been synthesized and their biological activities determined in the guinea pig. In vitro LTF4 displayed comparable activity to LTD4 on guinea pig trachea and parenchyma but was less active on the ileum. When injected intravenously into the guinea pig, LTF4 induced a bronchoconstriction (ED50 16 micrograms Kg-1) which was blocked by indomethacin and FPL-55712 and was 50-100 X less potent than LTD4 in this assay. LTF4 sulfone was approximately 2-5 times less active than LTF4 in vitro and in vivo. When injected into guinea pig skin with PGE2 (100 ng); LTF4 and LTF4 sulfone (10-1000 ng) induced changes in vascular permeability. The order of potency in this assay was LTE4 sulfone = LTD4 = LTD4 sulfone greater than LTE4 greater than LTF4 = LTF4 sulfone.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Dynorphin in bovine adrenal medulla. I. Detection in glandular and cellular extracts and secretion from isolated chromaffin cells.

The presence and secretion of immunoreactive dynorphin in bovine adrenal medulla and isolated adrenal chromaffin cells were examined and compared with those of immunoreactive leucine-enkephalin. Using an antiserum raised against dynorphin-(1-13), a sensitive and highly specific radioimmunoassay was developed. A nearly intact antigen was required for recognition by the antiserum since it did not react with leucine-enkephalin and reacted poorly with dynorphin-(1-12) (cross-reactivity 0.5%) and other fragments of dynorphin-(1-13). On the other hand, the antibody used for detection of leucine-enkephalin did not cross-react with dynorphin(1-13). Adrenal medulla acid extracts contained 195 times more immunoreactive leucine-enkephalin than dynorphin. However, the concentration of immunoreactive dynorphin in acid extract of freshly isolated adrenal chromaffin cells was only 1.4 times smaller than that of leucine-enkephalin. Incubation of the isolated chromaffin cells in the presence of acetylcholine, nicotine, high potassium, but not muscarine, induced a concomitant release of immunoreactive dynorphin (3.5-9% of total cell content) and leucine-enkephalin (6.5-11.4% of total cell content).

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

Dynorphin in bovine adrenal medulla. II. Isolation, partial characterization and biological activity of two distinct molecules.

Two highly potent dynorphin-like peptides were isolated from bovine adrenal medulla by successive chromatography of an acid (HCl) extract on Sephadex G-10, carboxymethylcellulose, Sephadex G-50 and partition chromatography on Sephadex G-50. Amino acid analysis of both peptides revealed the presence of 24 amino acids including the composition of dynorphin-(1-13) and differing from each other only by a few residues. Both peptides were shown to have the same activity as dynorphin-(1-13) in the guniea pig ileum assay and reacted as well as dynorphin-(1-13) with a specific antibody (R-31) directed against the synthetic material.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of postmenopausal bone loss by tiludronate.

76 healthy women, who had been menopausal for less than 96 months and who had never received any form of treatment to prevent bone loss, were entered into a randomised double-blind study. For the first 6 months, half the patients received tiludronate 100 mg daily, while the others received placebo. During the second 6 months, all patients received placebo. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine decreased significantly by 2.1% (SE 0.8%) in the placebo group and did not significantly change in the tiludronate group (+1.33 [0.8]%). The difference in response between the groups was significant, as were the differences between values for corrected urinary hydroxyproline and calcium. Treatment with tiludronate was not followed by increased secretion of parathyroid hormone. A 6 month course of oral tiludronate may counteract postmenopausal bone loss for at least a year by decreasing bone resorption.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prenatal diagnosis of schizencephaly by fetal magnetic resonance imaging.

Schizencephaly is a neuronal migration anomaly characterized by gray matter lined clefts extending from the ventricle to the cortical surface leading to specific lesions, well demonstrated by imaging. The lips of the clefts can be fused or separated. Prognosis is related to the extend of the involved cortex. Both genetic and acquired factors can be responsible for this pathology. Three cases of antenatal diagnosed open schizencephaly are reported. Two cases are unilateral and one is bilateral. A cerebral anomaly has been detected in all cases by routine ultrasonography (US) revealing a ventricular dilatation with cortical associated abnormalities. Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) permitted the diagnosis in the 3 cases. All cases had led to abortion because of the importance of the cortical defect. The aim of this report is to point out the importance of fetal MRI in the diagnosis of migration disorder and to discuss the medical implications. Indeed, MRI is better suited than US for the prenatal diagnosis of schizencephaly, being able to detect normal and abnormal brain cellular migration, especially with fast imaging (HASTE sequences). With its multiplanar imaging capability, MRI demonstrates the cleft extending from the pial surface to the ventricular ependyma and thus provides characteristic diagnosis of this disorder. Moreover, ventricular dilatation, a frequent anomaly detected by US should be completed with MRI in order to research a neuronal migration disorder.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Description of palpebral involvement in Fraser's syndrome].

GOAL: Fraser's syndrome is a rare multiple malformation involving the eyes, with cryptophthalmos. In its complete form, cryptophthalmos is a serious malformation with absence of eyelids and palpebral fissure. A review of ophthalmological signs is presented. CASE REPORT: A case of Fraser's syndrome is presented. Ophthalmological and somatic examination as well as evolution are described. RESULTS: Incomplete cryptophthalmos with symblepharon and bilateral palpebral coloboma are present. Surgical treatment with palpebral reconstruction allowed preservation of visual acuity in one eye. DISCUSSION: Ophthalmological signs are present in 93% of cases. Eyelid involvement such as symblepharon, and partial or complete coloboma are relatively frequent, whereas cryptophthalmos in its complete form are much more rare. CONCLUSION: Treatment involves palpebral reconstructive surgery in order to preserve visual function.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of radioimmunological serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen in the postoperative monitoring of rectocolonic cancer].

Fifty four patients, operated for colorectal cancer have been followed up for 2 to 100 months after surgery by carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) determinations and classical, clinical, biological, radiological, echographical, isotopical and tomoscanninvestigations. Each new serum sample has been assayed for CEA with previously collected samples within the same patients. This repetition of CEA on the same samples allows to check the good reproducibility of CEA radioimmunoassay (variation coefficient between assay is less than 10%) and to get a complete profile of CEA level evaluation within the same assay. There is a good correlation between clinical evolution and CEA levels. In 42 patients, CEA levels remained or became normal (less than 10 ng ml) after surgical resection of the tumors and no metastasis or local recurrence were detected. In 12 cases, CEA levels remained or became abnormally high (greater than 20 ng ml) at the same time or before clinical and/or paraclinical evidences for metastases or local recurrence. These results showed CEA assay in a quantitative parameter to assess the follow-up of colorectal cancer complementary to clinical, biological, radiological, echographical and isotopical criterias.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[9 new Salmonella serotypes isolated in Africa and the Antilles].

Description of nine new serotypes of Salmonella, three isolated in Senegal: S. tambacounda (I,3,I9:b:e,n,x) from Chiroptera, S. bargny (8,20:i:I,5) and S. fass (50:l,v:I,2) from horse; two recovered in Haute-Volta from patients with diarrhoea: S. tounouma (8,20:b:z6) and S. sya (47:b:z6); one isolated from a carrier in Antilles: S. gustavia (II:d:I,5); one from a snake in Tunisia: S. gafsa (I6:c:I,6); two from Madagascar: S. II I8:z4,z23:- isolated from a wild mammalian and S. III arizonae 6I:z52:z from a patient with diarrhoea.

Africa↗