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Biomedical subjects

D Dennison

Publications and source records attributed to D Dennison.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Satisfaction of senior citizens in a nutrition education program with and without computer-assisted instruction.

This study assessed the receptiveness of senior citizens to the use of microcomputers in a nutrition education program at participating senior citizen subsidized housing sites. Participants in group A received the nutrition education program with computer-assisted instruction (CAI). Group B participants received the same nutrition education program, but without CAI. A validated Program Satisfaction Questionnaire was administered to assess overall satisfaction, satisfaction with the method of instruction, and satisfaction with the dietary analysis printout. Independent t-test analysis showed that group A was as satisfied as group B. The majority in group A indicated that learning to use the computer was not difficult and was "somewhat enjoyable" to "very enjoyable." These results indicated that senior citizens were receptive to CAI. Additionally, the use of the microcomputer with older adults was deemed possible for health-related educational programming. Appropriate modification of software was recommended to meet the physical limitations which occur with this age group.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis following bone marrow transplantation.

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis (PCP) can occur in immunocompromised hosts, especially AIDS and cancer patients. Although recent research has focused on PCP in AIDS patients, few studies have described the clinical presentation of PCP in recipients of bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Between 1976 and 1991, of 1454 BMT patients at the University of Minnesota, PCP was documented in only 19. Eighteen of these had not been receiving PCP prophylaxis. Patients presented with a brief period (2-10 days) of symptoms including dyspnea, cough, and fever in greater than 75% of patients, but had only scant abnormal physical findings. Chest X-rays showed bilateral infiltrates in 58% of all patients, though 15% had no or minimal X-ray findings. Bronchoscopic alveolar lavage confirmed the diagnosis most often, but 13% of lavages were negative and required biopsy for the diagnosis. High dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was the initial treatment for 84% of the patients though 25% of these patients were later switched to pentamidine due to poor response or hypersensitivity reactions. Despite prompt diagnosis and therapy, overall survival was poor, with only 37% of patients surviving pneumonitis. Patients developing PCP less than 6 months post-BMT had greater mortality (89%) versus only 40% in later onset PCP (p less than 0.0001). Despite this better survival in the late-onset PCP cohort, the development of pneumonitis in these patients underscores the necessity for continued PCP prophylaxis beyond 1 year in some patients. Ongoing immunocompromise and need for prophylaxis should be appreciated in patients with graft-versus-host disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The effects of selected field experiences upon the drinking behavior of university students.

A study was conducted to determine the effects of selected field experiences upon the driking behavior of university students. Students in the experimental groups were required to participate in alcohol related field experiences, whereas students in the control group were not. An anonymous self-report inventory was used to assess driking behavior. The inventory was administered before and after the field experiences to determine impact. Significant differences occurred in the frequency of perceived intoxication when inventories of the experimental groups were compared with the control groups. No significant differences resulted in the number of alcoholic beverages consumed and the number of alcoholic beverages that would be consumed at a hypothetical party. Students in the experimental groups reported a lower utilization of automobiles during and after driking. The selected field experiences had a positive effect upon the alcohol education program. As result of this study certain implications related to field activities were identified that are conditional to the behavioral change process via instruction in alcohol education. The activities can be designed to provide first hand knowledge and direct interaction experiences with individuals who have experienced alcohol problems. The activities assisted the students in understanding the parameters related to alcohol problems including economic loss, family problems and other disruptive behaviors. The activities were viewed by the students as helpful in thie own clarification of values. For these reasons, the field activities were deemed to be an important aspect of the program that improved the responsible drinking behavior of the students.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1976

Preliminary studies in the clinical use of a bicarbonate containing growth medium for Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

A recent study from our laboratory demonstrated that the gaseous carbon dioxide atmosphere used for growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae could be replaced by the addition of sodium bicarbonate directly to the growth medium. A comparative growth study was initiated using the Transgrow system and the bicarbonate system, Nei-Carb. The Nei-Carb system displayed several obvsiou advantages over the Transgrow system. It required less incubation space, the bicarbonate concentrations can be regulated more readily than concentration of gaseous CO2, and individual plates can be examined without disturbing the atmosphere of other incubating plates. The preliminary results indicate that the Nei-Carb system can be utilized as a medium for primary isolation of gonococci. For every positive culture detected by the Transgrow system a corresponding positive culture was detected by the Nei-Carb system. Moreover, four strains of N gonorrhoeae grew in the Nei-Carb system that would not grow in the Transgrow system using gaseous CO2. On further examination of these strains it was found that they required a much higher concentration of bicarbonate for growth than did those which grew readily in a gaseous CO2 atmosphere.

Bicarbonates↗