Relationship between need for social approval and postoperative recovery and welfare.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D Diers.
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Modern hospital nursing management requires timely and accurate information to allow nurse managers to adjust resources to patient requirements. We report an experience using production theory to provide the framework for the development of Decision Support Objects: graphic displays of nursing hours budgeted, scheduled, and worked within institution-specific control limits. Every month, nurse managers follow an analytic algorithm to understand nursing resources and trends on their units. Exception reporting closes the accountability loop. The essentials of education for nurse managers include skill training in the use of the decision-support tools and supportive lecture/seminars for understanding the managerial implications of using them.
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The case mix of patient caseloads of nurse practitioners (NPs), faculty attending physicians (F/MDs), and resident housestaff in an inner-city teaching hospital was examined. Social and demographic variables as well as diagnoses, medications, risks, and functional status were used to define complexity. Charts of 111 patients (37 per group) were analyzed. Patients of NPs and F/MDs were essentially equally complex, but residents' patients were somewhat less complicated. Differences in styles of practice were seen, with NPs attending more to symptoms of nonpathological conditions, comfort, and comprehensiveness of care. Scope of practice, complexity, and system of care are suggested as important variables to consider in future studies of NPs and in studies relating case mix to productivity and resource consumption.
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Selected literature is reviewed to illustrate current conceptual and methodological issues in nurse practitioner research. Concepts of style of practice, acceptance, satisfaction, and outcome are discussed. Methodological issues are linking process to outcome, complexity measures, use of existing data, and the effect of nurse practitioner education and experience on interpretation of findings. A research agenda with two objectives is proposed: studies designed to improve rather than evaluate practice and studies designed with a policy framework in mind.
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