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Biomedical subjects

D Dobrev

Publications and source records attributed to D Dobrev.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Manometry of the upper gastrointestinal tract in esophageal reflux disease].

Infusion manometry of the esophagus and the stomach after the permanent dynamic method of Winans [correction of Wynas] and Harris was carried out on 52 patients (30 women and 22 men) with hiatal hernia, volvulus of the stomach or peptic ulcer disease. Altogether 75 examinations were performed--35 preoperative and 40--postoperative. The mean preoperative pressure of the inferior esophageal sphincter was 9.1 (from 0 to 15) mmHg and the mean postoperative pressure was 18 (from 12 to 211 mmHg). The mean preoperative length of the inferior esophageal sphincter was 1.4 (from 0 to 4) cm and the mean postoperative length was 2.5 (from 1 to 6) cm. In 12 patients motor disturbances of the tubular esophagus were found: symmetric, hyperpersistaltic waves (Richter's nutcracker symptom)--in 3 patients, hypomotility--in 5 patients, diffuse esophageal spasm--in 4 patients. Esophageal manometry is a valuable noninvasive method for the functional diagnostic of the reflux disease and the motor esophageal disturbances as well as for the assessment of the postoperative function of the inferior esophageal sphincter.

Digestive System↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in the high-density lipoprotein level in patients with diabetes mellitus type II].

In 62 patients with diabetes mellitus type II, 22 patients with obesity I degree and 40 patients with normal body mass (28 with ischemic heart disease and 12 without ischemic heart disease) the blood sugar profile and the composition of the high density lipoproteins (HDL) were examined. In decompensated diabetes mellitus type II reduction of cholesterol and phospholipid contents of HDL and of apoprotein A were found. With compensation of the carbohydrate metabolism the composition of HDL becomes normal. In the obese diabetics the changes of these indices are more pronounced. In diabetic patients with ischemic heart disease the cholesterol and phospholipid contents and that of apoprotein A in HDL are lower than those in diabetic patients without ischemic heart disease. These data show that changes of HDL in diabetes mellitus favor the development of atherosclerosis changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Unsaturated fatty acids in diabetes mellitus].

The following unsaturated fatty acids were examined in the serum and in the high density lipoproteins of 38 patients with diabetes mellitus type Il and 20 healthy controls: linolic, linolenic, eicosandienoic, eicosanetrienoic, arachidonic and eicosanepentaenoic. In decompensates diabetes mellitus a decrease of linolenic, eicosanedienoic, arachidonic and eicosanepentaenoic acids and an increase of linolic and eicosanetrienoic acids were found. After compensation of carbohydrate metabolism the last fatty acids showed a tendency toward normalization. The parallel changes of the fatty acids studied in the serum and in the high density lipoproteins suggest that the fatty acids contents of the HDL depends on the serum fatty acids. It is most probable that the variable changes of the individual unsaturated fatty acids play a role in the complex mechanism of vascular lesions in diabetes mellitus.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Fine-needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases].

On 105 patients with thyroid gland diseases thin needle aspiration biopsy was performed. The cytologic examinations proved to be of great importance for the diagnosis of thyroiditis and thyroid cancer. When lymphoid cells were found immunocytochemical examination was made additionally. It allows the differentiation of the subacute thyroiditis from the chronic and recurrent thyroiditis. The thin needle aspiration biopsy is practically a harmless manipulation. The great frequency of the asymptomatic chronic thyroiditis and of thyroid gland cancer supports the recommendation of a wider application of the method in all patients with thyroid gland diseases.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1988

[Lipoprotein and apoprotein changes in type-2 diabetes mellitus].

Lipid metabolism indices were followed up in 62 patients with diabetes mellitus type II and in 20 healthy persons as controls. An increase of serum triglycerides, very low density lipoproteins and low density lipoproteins, a decrease of high density lipoproteins and cholesterol in the upper reference range were found. Following diabetes compensation these indices became normal. In decompensated diabetes apoprotein A increased, apoprotein B decreased. Diabetes compensation lead to normalization of these indices. A comparative study of these indices in diabetics with and without ischemic heart disease was carried out. It showed a considerable decrease of the high density lipoproteins and a parallel increase of the very low density lipoproteins and low density lipoproteins in the diabetics with ischemic heart disease. The results of the study lead to the conclusion that criterion for diabetes compensation should be not only the blood sugar normalization bur also the correction of the lipid fractions changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Fatty acids in diabetes mellitus].

In 38 patients with diabetes mellitus type II and in 20 healthy controls the total amount of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids was examined in the serum and in the high density lipoproteins (HDL) as well as the following fatty acids: palmitic, stearic, oleic and arachidonic. In decompensated diabetes an increase of the saturated fatty acids with a parallel decrease of the unsaturated fatty acids were found in the serum and in the HDL. The compensation of the diabetes led to normalization of the ratio between the saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. In decompensated diabetes an increase of the palmitic and stearic acids with a parallel decrease of the oleic and arachidonic acids were found. After compensation of the diabetes was achieved the fatty acids levels became normal again. Knowing the role of the fatty acids in the atherogenesis it may be assumed that the changes of the fatty acids levels in diabetes mellitus contribute to the vascular lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1)--an index in the control of diabetes].

A total of 108 patients with diabetes, type II were studied--68 males and 40 females, with an average age of 63 years for the males and 67 years for the females, with various duration--from freshly diagnosed to over 20 years. A positive correlation was established between the serum HbA1 level and blood sugar before meals, its maximum elevation within 24 h and the evaluation of the stage of decompensation of carbohydrate metabolism. Glycemia and HbA1 are not interchangeable but reciprocally complemented indices for diabetes control, for that subjected to follow up care in particular. The state of lipid disorders in diabetes, HbA1 could be used as a marker of synthesis of HDL cholesterol and to a lesser degree--of triglycerides and total cholesterol.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

[Insulin hypoglycemia, a functional test of the state of the hypothalamo-hypophyseo-adrenal system in obesity].

By provoking insulin hypoglycemia (activating the hypothalamus action) and by following-up of the subsequent cortisole response in plasma, the authors study the functional state of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-suprarenal system in 18 patients with obesity, fourteen of them with regulative type, three -- with metabolic and one -- with hypogonadial type. The cortisole response proved to be within the normal limits in the patients with metabolic and hypogonadial obesity type. the insulin test shows pathological deviations in six, out of all 14 patients with regulative type of obesity. In those cases the cortisole response is low, its curve is with a plateau-like progress and represents a reliable index for a lesion in the hypothalamic-hypophyseal region. The normal test does not speak against the existence of similar lesions. In the presentce of other clinical and paraclinical data for hypothalamic-hypophyseal damage, the normal hypoglycemic test shows that the functional link between hypothalamus-hypophysis-suprarenals is still preserved and in that sence it also aids the determination of the lesion degree and is of diagnostic value. Based on their experience, the authors recommend a wider application in the clinical practice of insulin-hypoglycemic test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Changes in the hemodynamics in diabetes mellitus].

The basic hemodynamic indices were determined in 50 diabetics by the method of dye-dilution. Changes in heart-capacity were established as well as an increase in plasma and blood volume decrease in blood flow speed and a tendency towards decrease of functional fitness of the cardiovascular system. The mentioned changes are associated with diabetes mellitus duration, with the presence of diabetic microangiopathy, diabetic nephroapathy, coronary disease, etc. The existing arterial hypertension effects hemodynamics especially unfavourably. In patients with diabetes and acidoketosis hyperkinetic type of circulation is found with decrease of the cardiovascular system functional fitness.

Adult↗