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D Dorman

Publications and source records attributed to D Dorman.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Health and environmental testing of manganese exhaust products from use of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl in gasoline.

This paper reviews recent research on the environmental effects of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT), personal exposures to airborne Mn as a result of MMT use, chemical characterization of the manganese particulates emitted from the tailpipe and progress in developing a (PBPK) model for manganese in rodents. Recent studies show that manganese is emitted as a mixture of compounds with an average valence of about 2.2. The major products are sulfate, phosphate, and smaller amounts of oxides. Because only small amounts of Mn are used in gasoline (<18 mg Mn/gal) and less than 15% of the combusted Mn is emitted, soil along busy roads is not elevated in Mn, even after long-term use of MMT. A very large population-based study of manganese exposures in the general population in Toronto, where MMT has been used continuously for over 20 years, showed that manganese exposures were quite low, the median annual exposure was 0.008 microg Mn/m(3). A great amount of toxicological research on Mn has been carried out during the past few years that provides data for use in developing a PBPK model in rodents. These data add greatly to the existing body of knowledge regarding the relationship between Mn exposure and tissue disposition. When complete, the PBPK model will contribute to our better understanding of the essential neurotoxic dynamics of Mn.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Meningococcal serogroups in New South Wales, 1977-1987.

Data are presented on serogroups of meningococci (Neisseria meningitidis) that were submitted to Westmead Hospital and The Children's Hospital, Camperdown, from patients in Sydney and in rural areas of New South Wales, from January 1, 1977 to December 31, 1987. One hundred and ten organisms that were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid or from blood were examined. All organisms were isolated from sporadic cases of meningococcal disease. Patients in the zero-to-two-years' age-group were affected most commonly, but 36.3% of isolates were from older children and adults. The distribution of serogroups was as follows: serogroup B, 43.6; serogroup A, 28.2%; serogroup C, 10.0%; serogroup W135, 8.2%; serogroup Y, 4.5%; and serogroup Z, 0.9%. The isolates that were serogrouped by us represented approximately half the cases of meningococcal meningitis that were notified in New South Wales during this period. Serogrouping of meningococcal isolates is very important in order to follow epidemiological trends in the disease and to monitor the serogroups that cause outbreaks, where vaccination of contacts may be indicated. Our laboratories are prepared to receive isolates for serogrouping and antibiotic sensitivity testing from across New South Wales.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Cerebrospinal fluid lactic acidosis in bacterial meningitis.

A rapid, microenzymatic method was used to measure cerebrospinal fluid lactate levels in 205 children with suspected bacterial meningitis. Fifty children with normal CSF containing fewer than 0.005 X 10(9)/l WBC, no segmented neutrophils, glucose 3.4 +/- 0.8 mmol/l (61.2 +/- 14.4 mg/100 ml), and a protein of less than 0.30 g/l had CSF lactate levels below 2.0 mmol/l (18 mg/100 ml) (mean and standard deviation 1.3 +/- 0.3 mmol/l (11.8 +/- 2.7 mg/100 ml)). In 31 cases of proved viral meningitis as with 58 cases of clinically diagnosed viral meningitis, levels were below 3.8 mmol/l (34.5 mg/100 ml), being 2.3 +/- 0.6 mmol/l (20.9 +/- 5.4 mg/100 ml), and 2.1 +/- 0.7 mmol/l (19.1 +/- 6.4 mg/100 ml) respectively. Sixty-six cases of bacterial meningitis had CSF lactate levels ranging from 3.9 mmol/l (35.4 mg/100 ml) to greater than 10.0 mmol/l (90.0 mg/100 ml). Longitudinal studies in 7 children with bacterial meningitis showed that cerebrospinal fluid lactate levels differentiated bacterial from viral meningitis up to 4 days after starting treatment with antibiotics. Use of CSF lactate measurement for monitoring the efficacy of treatment is illustrated in a case of bacterial meningitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The origin of the cerebrospinal fluid lactate acidosis and the role of lactate in the pathophysiological cycle leading to intensification of brain tissue hypoxia and cellular damage is discussed with respect to the short-term prognosis and the long-term neurological sequelae.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1977

Acute sore throat.

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Acute Disease↗