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D E Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to D E Anderson.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Blood type A and familial breast cancer.

The association between blood type A and breast cancer was evaluated in 648 patients with family histories of the disease, 1897 unselected patients, 4577 institutional blood donor controls, and 14,508 extramural blood donor controls. The familial patients were classified into three pedigree groups in which the lifetime breast cancer risks to first-degree relatives ranged from 11% to 32%. In the pedigree group associated with a relatively low risk to relatives, the authors saw a significant excess of blood type A individuals when compared with either control group. The unselected patient population, which was considered to refer to a general series of patients, also showed an excess of blood type A individuals with either control but a significant excess only in comparison with institutional controls. Patients from high-risk pedigrees with inherited forms of breast cancer showed no association when compared with either control group. The effect of blood type A on breast cancer risk was considered too small to be of use in identifying women at high risk. The results further suggested that the effect of blood type A on breast cancer development was capable of being masked by the effect of breast cancer susceptibility genes and/or that the inherited and noninherited types involve different etiologic mechanisms.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1984

Genetic epidemiology of breast cancer: segregation analysis of 200 Danish pedigrees.

An investigation of the genetic epidemiology of breast cancer involving complex segregation analysis of 200 breast cancer pedigrees of Danish extraction is presented. The observed distribution of breast cancer is compatible with transmission of an autosomal-dominant gene with no evidence for residual family resemblance. The gene frequency of the abnormal allele is 0.00756, and the displacement between the homozygous genotype means is 1.695. The gene frequency accounts for a significant proportion of breast cancer in young women, whereas by an advanced age a majority (87%) of affected women are phenocopies. Genetic modeling of other breast cancer families and results of linkage studies are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Concordance among self-regulated responses: is self-regulatory ability a psychophysiological "trait"?

The purposes of this study were to examine whether or not self-regulation of physiological responses demonstrates day-to-day reliability, to determine the degree of individual subject consistency (or concordance) in the ability to self-regulate across several different physiological responses, and, finally, to explore the impact of biofeedback training on interresponse concordance. Twenty normal subjects participated in six bidirectional self-regulation sessions-the first and last sessions involving instructions only, and the remainder, biofeedback. Self-regulation scores consisted of the absolute difference between increase and decrease trial means. The average test-retest reliability coefficients (rs) for the self-regulation scores, across the four biofeedback sessions, were a highly significant .50, .68, .30, and .47 for EEG, EMG, HR, and SCL, respectively. By contrast, the average concordance among the self-regulation scores for the four feedback sessions, estimated by Kendall's coefficient of concordance, was a marginally significant 39% of the possible variance of the rank sums. This corresponds to an average between-response rs value only of .19. The concordance level from the initial no-feedback (i.e., instructions only) session was not significant. Multivariate concordance levels did increase during the first three feedback sessions, but declined at the fourth, and again was nonsignificant during the final no-feedback session. Among the individual self-regulation response pairings, only the EEG/EMG combination was consistently associated during the no-feedback sessions. The present results suggest that self-regulatory ability is neither a highly unitary "trait"-like phenomenon nor an entirely response-specific event, but may vary considerably as a function of subject factors, or the situational circumstances, under which it is measured.

Biofeedback, Psychology↗
PubMed1982

Locus of control and expectancy in electromyographic biofeedback.

From a subject pool of 226 psychology students, 16 external and 16 internal subjects, as determined by the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale, were randomly assigned to either a positive or a negative expectancy group (n = 8). In Session I all subjects were asked to relax their frontalis muscle using auditory proportional biofeedback over 8 subsequent 3-min trials. The procedure was repeated during Session II except for the inclusion of a verbal expectation which suggested subjects' likelihood or non-likelihood of achieving further muscle relaxation. Results indicated that externals with positive expectancy had significantly higher levels of tension than internals with positive expectancy. No difference between externals and internals in the negative expectancy condition were observed. Results are interpreted to indicate that cognitive set affected the perception of performance ability with externals being disrupted by comments suggesting positive expectancies.

Attitude↗
PubMed1981

Radiological differentiation of intrasellar aneurysms from pituitary tumours.

The changes produced by aneurysms which project into the pituitary fossa as seen on plain films and radiological investigations have been reviewed and then compared with those caused by pituitary tumours. Erosion of the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus and a filling defect within the cavernous sinus were features seen only in the aneurysm cases. A widened superior orbital fissure, non-filling of cavernous sinus (especially with a normal contralateral sinus), and, on Ct, unilateral sellar erosion, calcification and eccentric (in relation to sella) circular attenuation on enhanced scan, were more commonly associated with aneurysms. A completely eroded area of bone, a completely eroded fossa, a soft tissue opacity in the sphenoid sinus, bilateral displacement of the cavernous sinuses and, on CT, general enlargement of the fossa were seen only with cases of pituitary tumour. Abnormalities pointing to the presence of an aneurysm were seen in every case in which one was present. Our view suggests that innocuous techniques will demonstrate the presence of a vascular anomaly in the pituitary fossa and validates the policy in this Institute of relying on these measures and of dispensing with routine angiography as a preliminary to transsphenoidal hypophysectomy or microadenomectomy.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1980

An inherited form of large bowel cancer: Muir's syndrome.

Three inherited types of large bowel cancer not associated with polyposis were previously proposed. A fourth should also be added to the list, namely, Torre's or Muir's syndrome. This report summarizes the clinical and genetic features of that syndrome in one family. The principle features of the syndrome comprise multiple skin tumors, i.e., sebaceous adenomas, keratoacanthomas, and basal and squamous cell carcinomas occurring with polyps and adenocarcinomas, mainly of the large bowel and also of the small intestine and stomach. Other malignancies occurring with the multiple skin tumors, with or without the involvement of intestinal malignancies, included adenocarcinoma of the uterus, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder or ureter, squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, esophagus, or vulva, and cancer of the breast. The syndrome followed a dominant mode of inheritance with high penetrance and variable expressivity, perhaps more variable in females than in males.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Case report 117.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Chondrosarcoma↗
PubMed1980

Children from broken homes: visits to the school nurse.

Children from broken homes, especially females, have an increased tendency to visit the school nurse. Complaints are often ill-defined, possibly psychosomatic. These children may require additional medical and emotional support from the school nurse. The effect the broken home may have upon a student has important implications for the physical and emotional health of today's youth. An awareness of this finding can provide school nursing personnel valuable insight in the assessment of students who visit the school nurse.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Minute-to-minute covariations in cardiovascular activity of conscious dogs.

Cardiovascular activity of chronically instrumented conscious dogs was monitored continuously during daily sessions of rest or of intermittent aversive stimulation. Data analysis of minute-to-minute averages revealed that cardiovascular variables changed in patterns, rather than as isolated independent events. Variations in cardiac output were highly positively correlated with concurrent variations in heart rate in all subjects under both conditions (mean r = +0.93). Variations in heart rate were two to five times as great as stroke volume, which was remarkably constant (coefficient of variation averaged only 4.6%). Variations in mean arterial pressure were consistently correlated with the variations in cardiac output (mean r = + 0.66) and heart rate (mean r = +0.68), but were poorly correlated with the small changes in stroke volume (mean r = -0.17) and total peripheral resistance (mean r = -0.16).

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Aversive conditioning of elevations in total peripheral resistance in dogs.

Operant conditioning experiments were performed with 12 chronically instrumented dogs to which aversive stimulation was presented whenever total peripheral resistance (mean pressure/cardiac output) decreased acutely below a criterion level. Initial experiments in which aversive stimulation occurred whenever total peripheral resistance decreased below mean base-line levels resulted in sustained decreases in total peripheral resistance, accompanied by elevations in heart rate, cardiac output, and arterial pressure. Subsequent experiments showed, however, that if aversive stimulation occurred only following large-magnitude decreases in resistance (30% below base-line levels), a progressive cardiovascular response pattern emerged during daily sessions of 5--16 h. This cardiovascular pattern included progressive elevations in resistance (10--50%), accompanied by progressive decreases or no change in heart rate and cardiac output and moderate increases in arterial (up to 20 mmHg) and pulse pressure. These within-session cardiovascular changes were accompanied by sustained inhibition of overt behavioral acitivity and progressive inhibition in respiratory activity. Implications of these observation for behavioral regulation of circulatory function are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Startle reflex habituation in children with cerebral palsy.

Two groups of children (9 with cerebral palsy and 10 normals, matched for sex and age) participated in a study of the startle reflex. Each child was instructed to press a button as soon as possible after the onset of a visual stimulus on a box on the table at which they were seated. During some of the trials, a sudden and intense auditory stimulus (85 dB) was presented concomitantly with the onset of the visual stimulus, and effects on reaction time recorded. Mean reaction time of normal children was significantly faster than that of the group with cerebral palsy. The magnitude of disruption associated with the first startle stimulus presentation was signicantly greater for cerebral palsied children. The course between groups of habituation to the startle stimuli was not significantly different. Data support the hypothesis that startle reflexes of children with cerebral palsy are more marked than are those of normal children.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1978

A simulation program examining the use of ratios as raw variables in analyses of variance.

An interactive, BASIC-PLUS, simulation program is described for performing a large number of multivariate analyses in accord with, or in violation of, known underlying models. Using a PDP 11/40 computer, random numbers are generated and converted into bivariate normal observations X and Y. These data are then analyzed according to three models. The three analyses are: (1) a standard analysis of variance ignoring the concomitant variable; (2) an analysis of covariance; (3) an analysis of variance on the ratio Y/X. The program can be used to examine the effect of performing multivariate analyses on data transformed into ratios. The utility of the program is the simplicity with which one can alter the underlying models and/or the mathematical relationships between X and Y. Output provides comparisons between models by accumulating rejections and other statistics on critical F-values for each model.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1978

Familial cancer and cancer families.

From this brief review is should be evident that the hereditary varieties of common cancers are characterized by a high degree of genetic heterogeneity. The specific types of hereditary cancers can be identified by focusing on the histologic types and sites of involvement, not only of the primary neoplasm, but also of associated neoplasms and associated conditions or stigmata, as well as by focusing on the age of the patient at the time of diagnosis, tumor localization and frequency, and the mode of inheritance. Identification of specific types of hereditary cancers has important utility as a means of isolating homogeneous groups of patients and unaffected relatives for studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms of carcinogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗