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Biomedical subjects

D E Caughey

Publications and source records attributed to D E Caughey.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

NSAID-induced gastrointestinal damage. Epidemiology, risk and prevention, with an evaluation of the role of misoprostol. An Asia-Pacific perspective and consensus.

The problem of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastrointestinal toxicity was reviewed by members of the Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR) in a consensus conference in September 1992. This paper by the participants presents the consensus conclusions incorporating knowledge from recent publications. There had been a high level of concern that much of the toxicity had resulted from extensive and indiscriminate prescribing of NSAIDs. The implementation of evidence-based guidelines was considered likely to be able to effect a substantial reduction in toxicity without significant loss of overall therapeutic benefit. The evidence from which such guidelines could be developed is critically appraised.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1996

Involvement of an enchondroma in relapsing polychondritis.

We describe a 49-year-old Caucasian woman with relapsing polychondritis involving ears, eyes, nose, and airways. An enchondroma in the left humerus was also involved. This unusual manifestation of the disease has not been previously reported.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

Body image in rheumatoid arthritis: the relevance of hand appearance to desire for surgery.

To investigate the importance of body image concerns relating to hand appearance in rheumatoid arthritis, a questionnaire was devised and administered to 80 female out-patients. Subjective judgements of hand attractiveness, feelings about hands, and behaviours relating to hand adornment and concealment were sought. Objective ratings of hand attractiveness were obtained from photographs taken at this time of the women's hands. Factor analysis indicated four principal orthogonal factors describe these body image items. Evaluative and affective elements were found to be independent of each other. The hypothesis that body image, thus rated, is relevant to desire for reparative hand surgery was tested using a two-stage general linear modelling procedure. Body image concerns, particularly negative feelings about hands, emerged as significant predictors of desire for surgery, and remained significant after the removal of variance accounted for by duration of arthritis, age, grip strength and objectively rated hand attractiveness. It is suggested that in rheumatoid arthritis, self-perception of hands and the associated emotional response, may be a covert agenda in women's decision to have surgery, and need specific clinical consideration.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effects of aminobisphosphonate infusion on biochemical indices of bone metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis.

In a phase 1 study, seven patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis were treated with intravenous 3-amino-1-hydroxypropylidene-1-1-bisphosphonate (APD). Following this treatment, bone resorption as measured by fasting urine calcium/creatinine and hydroxyproline/creatinine ratios, was reduced. This was sustained for 6 months in only three patients. Elevations of these ratios often coincided with flares of active arthritis in the remaining four patients. Bone turnover as measured by serum osteocalcin levels was reduced in all patients but serum alkaline phosphatase levels remained unchanged. There was no consistent improvement in clinical indices of disease activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Aminobisphosphonate inhibition of interleukin-1-induced bone resorption in mouse calvariae.

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is probably an important lymphokine mediator of inflammation and bone resorption. IL-1 derived from mononuclear cells, a melanoma cell line (MM96 cells), and recombinant human IL-1 (rHuIL-1 beta) increased in vitro bone resorption, as measured by the release of 45Ca from cultured mouse calvariae. The 50% maximum active resorption was observed with 0.125 ng/ml or approximately 10(-11) M rHuIL-1 beta. The resorptive action of IL-1 was not entirely dependent on prostaglandin mediation, since its effect was evident when prostaglandin synthesis was inhibited in the cultures by indomethacin. IL-1-induced resorption has been shown to be inhibited by 10(-5) M 3-amino-1-hydroxypropylidene-1-1-bisphosphonate (APD). This inhibition was partially reversed by increasing doses of IL-1. In vitro toxicity studies showed that at concentrations of 10(-4) M, APD inhibited the growth of cultured MM96, murine myelomonocytic P388D1, and rat osteosarcoma UMR 106 cells, but not other mast and lymphoid cell lines. These in vitro observations may have relevance to the use of APD in bone and joint diseases in which inflammation and bone resorption are prominent.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Genetic predisposition to two rheumatic diseases.

The co-existence of ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis is uncommon and usually occurs in a male with a long history of back pain followed by the appearance of clinical features of ankylosing spondylitis, while features of rheumatoid arthritis develop in the third or fourth decade of life. Recently, histocompatibility (HLA) antigens have partially elucidated the genetic factors predisposing to both diseases. We report a patient with ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis who had the associated HLA genes.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Ethnic difference in the prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus.

A retrospective study of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was carried out in Auckland, New Zealand, for the years 1975 to 1980 inclusive. One hundred and fifty-one patients were found of which 106 fulfilled the American Rheumatism Association criteria. There were 15 deaths. Age-adjusted prevalence rates per 100 000 were estimated for all cases at the end of 1980 as follows: white 14.6, Polynesian 50.63, and other 19.11. There was a preponderance of females in each ethnic group, average 87% of all cases. Age-adjustment mortality rates per million patient years were: white 2.5 and Polynesians 13.0. Survival curves for both ethnic groups were similar. The prevalence rate in New Zealand Polynesian is significantly higher than in white counterparts which confirms the observation that the disease is commoner in the pigmented races.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Perna canaliculus in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Freeze-dried extracts of the New Zealand green lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus, have been promoted extensively as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis for some years though there have been few published trials of its effectiveness. Our study was designed to test the ability of the mussel extract to relieve the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis as both a supplement and an alternative to orthodox anti-inflammatory medication.

Adult↗