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Biomedical subjects

D E Eifrig

Publications and source records attributed to D E Eifrig.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Scanning electron microscopy of the ocular vasculature in retinopathy of prematurity.

Clinicoanatomopathologic correlations in a case of the retinopathy of prematurity are reported. A premature infant delivered at 28 weeks of gestation (weight, 900 g) was hospitalized for a number of health problems, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia and respiratory distress syndrome. Ophthalmic examination, at the age of 5 months, disclosed stage 1B retinopathy of prematurity. The patient died at the age of 161 days; both eyes were taken for scanning electron microscopy and histopathologic studies. Scanning electron microscopy findings included absence of retinal capillaries, anterior uveal neovascularization originating from the venous side, and a coincidental typical coloboma of the optic nerve and choriocapillaris. Histopathologic findings confirmed iris stromal neovascularization, showed retinal neovascularization with proliferation into the vitreous and avascular areas between the midperiphery and ora serrata.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1985

Morphology of pseudophakic precipitates on intraocular lenses removed from human patients.

Cellular precipitates on the surface of 52 intraocular lenses removed from human patients for various reasons from one week to five years following implantation were studied with cytologic techniques and scanning electron microscopy. A variety of cellular responses were characterized: mononuclear precipitates composed of lymphocytes and macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, and a fibroblastic proliferation. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes were encountered less frequently. Acellular membranous precipitates were also observed. Cellular response was related to clinical history to correlate temporal and possible etiopathogenic factors in the formulation of these precipitates and their possible relationship to implant failure.

Chemical Precipitation↗
PubMed1983

Choroidal malignant melanoma in siblings.

Choroidal malignant melanoma was diagnosed on pathologic examination of enucleated globes from a 54-year-old man and his 58-year-old sister. The brother had been monitored at four-month intervals for four years because of a choroidal lesion, which abruptly increased in size, in his left eye. Three years after an examination with normal findings, the sister developed a retinal detachment with a pigmented dome in her right eye. Both patients are doing well five years (Patient 1) and two years (Patient 2) after enucleation. Screening examinations detected two cases of benign melanoma (nevi) in 18 close relatives but this incidence did not exceed chance.

Choroid Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Intraocular response to cotton, collagen and cellulose in the rabbit.

Cotton, cellulose and collagen were each implanted into the anterior chamber and anterior vitreous of rabbit eyes. The ocular inflammatory response was studied clinically over a 28-day period and histologically at seven and 28 days. In general, cotton was the least reactive, with collagen and cellulose moderately reactive. Cellulose was associated with progressive inflammation and marked granulomatous response. Vitreous implants showed minimal inflammation, with virtually no response to cotton. These findings support current literature suggesting that the use of cellulose in ophthalmic surgery may increase the risk of postoperative granulomatous inflammation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The inflammatory response to secondary methylmethacrylate challenge in lens-implanted rabbits.

Polymethylmethacrylate intraocular-lens-implanted rabbits were challenged with subcutaneous polymeric or monomeric methylmethacrylate. The inflammatory response to this secondary challenge was compared to that at the site of sham procedures and to that in control rabbits never exposed to methylmethacrylate. There was a definite granulomatous inflammatory response to both polymeric and monomeric methylmethacrylate. There was, however, no secondary enhancement of this inflammatory response at the site of subcutaneous challenge or exacerbation of intraocular inflammation in lens-implanted rabbits, thus substantiating the nonimmunogenicity of methylmethacrylate.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Lensectomy-vitrectomy for stage V cicatricial retrolental fibroplasia.

Ten infants (18 eyes) blind from stage V cicatricial retrolental fibroplasia were examined from January 1978 to January 1981 at North Carolina Memorial Hospital. The early perinatal factors which may have predisposed to the binding end-stage cicatrix are identified. To increase their visual potential and to prevent secondary angle closure glaucoma, 12 lensectomy-vitrectomies were performed on 12 eyes (eight infants). One eye (one infant) had a pars plana vitrectomy without lensectomy. Seven eyes (seven infants) were not operated. Five of these eyes (five infants) had stage VRLF while two eyes (two infants) remained stable at stage II RLF. All retinas remained detached immediately after surgery. Secondary vitrectomies with air injections (three eyes, two infants) similarly failed to attach any retinas. Adherence of ciliary epithelium to clear lens and retrolental membrane as visualized within the dilated pupil (Eifrig-Merritt sign) was an intra-operative indicator of imminent surgical failure. Two eyes (two infants) developed early vitreous hemorrhages, hyphemas, secondary glaucoma, and phthisis bulbi within 12 months. Follow-up data were unavailable on two infants. Blindness secondary to cicatricial retrolental fibroplasia is increasing due to increased survival of low birthweight premature infants. Since surgical visual rehabilitation is not possible after the retrolental cicatrix has formed, the risk factors common to this high risk population should prompt preventive therapies.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed1982

Initial observations on the ocular microcirculation in man: the choriocapillaris.

The three-dimensional angio-architecture of the human infant choroid is studied using gold-palla-dium-coated plastic corrosion casts and scanning electron microscopy. Anatomic identification of choroidal arterioles and venules allows these vessels to be traced into the choriocapillaris. The characteristic arrangement of endothelial cell nuclear indentations clearly differentiate arterioles from venules. These vessels can be pictured with the use of microdissection techniques.

Arterioles↗
PubMed1982

"In the bag": Shearing intraocular lens implantation in a patient with multiple severe coagulopathies.

In patients with coagulation defects, the use of posterior chamber lens implanted within the capsular bag after extracapsular cataract extraction appears to be well suited for the avoidance of long-term hemorrhagic complications. Bleeding tendencies during and following surgery can be managed medically with careful collaboration of a hematologist or coagulationist. This patient's multifaceted coagulopathy was easily manageable by treating each component as a separate entity. It is our present view that the vast majority of patients with severe coagulopathy can safely undergo cataract surgery and can be considered for intraocular lens implantation.

Blood Coagulation Disorders↗
PubMed1981

Chorioretinal foreign body simulating malignant melanoma.

A 37-year-old man underwent an enucleation of his left eye because of a lesion that demonstrated the clinical and fluorescein angiographic characteristics of a malignant melanoma. Histologic examination of the eye disclosed a chorioretinal inflammatory mass caused by refractile crystalline material.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Deposits on the surface of intraocular lenses: a pathologic study.

The clinical course of implanted intraocular lenses is frequently complicated by the formation of deposits or "precipitates" on the lens surfaces. These lesions are related to the amount of inflammation in the eye, the use of pilocarpine, and the presence of lens cortex in extracapsular procedures. Corticosteroids cause the lesions to diminish or disappear. Similar lesions seen in the course of lens implantation in laboratory animals are found on histologic examination to be accumulations of inflammatory cells. In the chronic state the cells are macrophages, epithelioid cells, and giant cells, accompanied in the early stages by acute inflammatory leukocytes. The relationships between these cells, inflammation, the presence of the foreign body, and the chemistry of methacrylate are difficult to sort out.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effects of monomeric methylmethacrylate on ocular tissues.

Toxic effects of high doses of monomeric methylmethacrylate were demonstrated in rabbit eyes. These effects were not related to surgical manipulation. Monomeric methylmethacrylate caused limbal hyperemia, corneal edema, corneal neovascularization, iris engorgement, anterior chamber inflammation, iris atrophy, and cataract. The doses of monomeric methylmethacrylate needed to produce these lesions were much higher than the amount of monomer available for leaching out of implanted intraocular lenses.

Animals↗