PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D E Gelfand

Publications and source records attributed to D E Gelfand.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Work-site cancer screening: a Latino case study.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To develop a work-site cancer education and detection program targeted for Latino women and evaluate the effectiveness of the program in a firm with a majority of employees from Latino backgrounds. DESIGN: Program implementation and evaluation. SETTING: A Latino-owned industrial firm in Detroit, MI. SAMPLE: 560 of 857 female employees. Among the 202 women who were eligible for mammography, 142 participated in the screening. METHODS: Education and mammography were offered to women employees of Mexican Industries in Michigan. Education programs and mammograms were conducted at the work site. The programs were offered in English and Spanish. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participation in education and mammography and evaluation of program components. FINDINGS: Pre- and post-tests of knowledge indicated increases in the understanding of breast cancer. Evaluation of the educational program indicated high ratings of the presentations and materials. CONCLUSIONS: Work-site cancer education and detection programs are cost effective in firms where the majority of employees are from one ethnic/racial group and where the programs take into consideration the cultural background of the employees. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Cancer education and detection programs should consider the possibility of work-site interventions as well as the ethnic/racial background of employees during program development.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Digital rectal examinations and prostate cancer screening: attitudes of African American men.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To explore the relationship between attitudes toward digital rectal examination (DRE) and participation in prostate cancer screening among African American men. DESIGN: Survey. SETTING: Prostate cancer screenings with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test held at churches with African American members in Detroit, MI. SAMPLE: 613 African American men between the ages of 40 and 70. METHODS: Self-administered, structured questionnaires examining attitudes toward DRE, past experiences with DRE, and fear of cancer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Willingness to undergo DRE. FINDINGS: The majority of men who were screened had positive attitudes about DRE. Fear of cancer was associated with negative attitudes toward DRE. DREs were not a deterrent among men who attended the screenings. CONCLUSION: Negative attitudes toward DRE do not necessarily deter African American men from participating in prostate cancer screenings. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Prostate cancer screening programs should attempt to use both DRE and PSA. More reliable prostate cancer indicators are obtained by incorporating DRE with PSA tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Psychosocial needs and care in nursing homes: comparison of views of social workers and home administrators.

Nursing home social workers (n = 152) and administrators (n = 231) were asked to rate the relative importance of resident and family psychosocial needs and the frequency of functions performed by or expected to be performed by social workers to meet these needs. Overall, administrators rated 19 of 28 psychosocial needs higher in importance than did social workers. The two groups both rated as very important the needs of support during the transition to the nursing home, help in dealing with loss, and help with relatedness and intimacy issues, though the groups rated high-frequency functions somewhat differently.

Attitude↗
PubMed1992

Searching for the doable in nursing home social work practice.

Nursing home social workers were asked to provide information about their current practice circumstances, and to rate relative importance of resident and family psychosocial needs and frequency of functions performed or overseen by social workers to meet these needs. Both consultant and full-time staff social workers practiced under severe time constraints. Practitioners viewed psychosocial needs similarly, but staff and consultants met these needs through somewhat different functions. Findings provide a profile of practice that can contribute to care improvement through a definition of realistic service expectations for which social workers can be accountable.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1989

Immigration, aging, and intergenerational relationships.

This study examined the intergenerational relationships and roles of older Salvadorans who have come to the United States in their later years. Although there were many similarities between these parents' roles in El Salvador and in the United States, fewer were employed and more had taken on childcare responsibilities. Although their children had a strong sense of filial obligation, the parents asked for little concrete assistance from the children.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Directions and trends in aging services: a German-American comparison.

Services for older people in many countries now appear to have strong similarities. There are, however, important differences in the directions and emphases of these services. This article examines factors related to differing trends in the development of services in the United States and West Germany, two countries that currently have major economic, social, and political commonalities. The differing historical development of these two countries is traced and related to the structure of services for the elderly, the role of professionals in developing these services, and the relative emphases on primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Predictions of future trends in services for older persons in the two countries are also explored.

Germany, West↗
PubMed1978

Theoretical and applied inputs in mental health center research.

Successful implementation of projects in mental health centers aimed at meeting programmatic needs and exploring theoretical issues encounter a number of difficulties. These include time, staffing and funding. While researchers may be interested in complex theoretical questions, agencies require data collected quickly, at minimum cost, and utilizing limited personnel. This paper discusses a model for conducting significant theoretical and applied research in mental health centers. A project undertaken in a mental health center is described to illustrate the model.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mexicans and care for the terminally ill: family, hospice, and the church.

The structural barriers to the use of hospice services by minority groups have been widely discussed. The attitudes of these groups are less clearly delineated. A series of focus groups with Mexicans was held in Michigan and Arizona. The participants were between the ages of 45 and 64 or over as well as providers of services to Mexicans. Regardless of length of time in the United States, participants were low on acculturation scores. These groups found important attitudes about the roles of the family, hospice services, and spirituality and the church in providing care to terminally ill individuals.

Acculturation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ethnicity, aging and mental health.

The relationship between ethnicity and mental health deserves more consideration than it usually receives if we are to understand how values translate into behavior. This question could be explored productively with a variety of subgroups, but in this paper the emphasis will be on the aged. What is the relationship between ethnicity and the mental health problems of the elderly in American society? This paper offers some suggestions and reviews some data that might encourage further efforts in this area.

Aged↗