Sixty-eight patients with symptomatic cervical whiplash injuries, who did not receive head trauma, had standard electroencephalograms performed with a time span of 1 day to 2 years after the occurrence of the accident. Minimal EEG abnormalities were found in a small number of patients. Plain x-rays, computerized tomography or radionuclide brain scans failed to demonstrate associated structural abnormalities. Twenty-five of the group had 24-hour EEG cassette recordings; 15 of the latter reported specific symptoms of their post-traumatic syndrome during the test but no abnormal EEG correlates were established. Sixteen patients had long-term follow-up studies and no example was encountered of early or late onset post-traumatic epilepsy. These findings contradict previous reports of the greater incidence and severity of EEG abnormalities in patients that have sustained whiplash neck injuries in isolation (no head trauma).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Subcortical prosopagnosia and anosognosia.

A 59-year-old right-handed woman with acute hemorrhage affecting the head of the left caudate nucleus exhibited prosopagnosia and anosognosia. It is suggested that these symptoms are due to a disconnection syndrome affecting a putative cortico-limbic reticular loop involved in attention. Prosopagnosia can occur with lesions outside the main central visual pathways and is a material-specific motivational neglect to faces: alternatively prosopagnosia in this patient may represent abnormal gating sensory limbic activity since sensory (visual) modulated memory related cholinergic fibers arising from the nucleus basalis of the substantia innominata (Meynert's) were likely involved by surrounding edema.

Agnosia↗

PubMed1986

The non-epileptiform basilar artery migraine.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Basilar artery migraine after uncomplicated whiplash injuries.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Epileptic nystagmus and eye movements.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Electroencephalography↗

PubMed1986

Lightning artifact in the EEG.

Lightning is highly prevalent in South Florida. The artifact caused by lightning in EEG recordings is of variable duration and seen as abrupt deflection of pens, sometimes followed by sustained pen drift and slow recovery mimicking amplifier overload as caused by rapid unplugging and plugging of the equipment power cable from the wall outlet. Since this artifact was associated to hospital light flickering and was recorded independent of machine location and orientation, we believe it is secondary to extreme brief Mains voltage fluctuations, probably due to horizontal lightning electric field effects rather than radio or electromagnetic interference generated by lightning.

Electroencephalography↗

PubMed1986

Monocular downbeat nystagmus.

Two patients with acute unilateral infarction of the medial thalamus and upper mesencephalon exhibited ipsilateral nuclear involvement of the third nerve, contralateral skew deviation with weakness of eye elevation, and monocular downbeat nystagmus. Monocular downbeat nystagmus is a rare manifestation of combined nuclear-supranuclear ophthalmoparesis that is seemingly secondary to dysfunction of cerebellar-modulated crossed oculovestibular fibers of the brachium conjunctivum, integrator neurons, or posterior commissure crossing fibers originating at the interstitial nucleus of Cajal and mediating vertical ocular reflexes.

Aged↗

PubMed1985

La toux diabolique: neurogenic tussive crisis.

A 52 year old female non-smoker with multiple sclerosis had a 10 year history of frequent diurnal and nocturnal spontaneous attacks of coughing, relapsing and remitting, with typical symptoms of her illness. Otolaryngeal evaluations failed to show any lesions or vocal cord paresis, and her cardiopulmonary examinations were normal. Her attacks were greatly improved by carbamazepine and valproate sodium. I suggest that tussive crisis constitutes a paroxysmal symptom in multiple sclerosis, amenable to treatment with anticonvulsant agents.

Carbamazepine↗

PubMed1985

Palinopsia and bitemporal visual extinction on fixation.

Spontaneous palinopsia (visual perseveration) and bitemporal visual extinction provoked only by ocular fixation developed in a patient with multiple sclerosis who had chronic bilateral retrobulbar optic neuritis. There were no signs of hemispheral compromise. The intermittent visual symptoms seemingly arose from the lesioned optic nerves, but were probably integrated at a cortical level. Palinopsia, classically considered diagnostic of posterior hemispheral cortical lesions, can also occur in patients with peripherally placed lesions of the visual pathways.

Afterimage↗

PubMed1984

Attacks of retropulsion and cerebellar meningioma.

An elderly female patient had a two-year history of stereotyped spontaneous episodes of retropulsion, associated with head retraction, without loss of consciousness, hypertonia, dystonia, or atonia. Results of neurologic examination were normal. After removal of a right hemispheral cerebellar fibroblastic meningioma, the attacks were no longer observed. Attacks of retropulsion and cerebellar meningioma constitute an unusual clinical association.

Aged↗

PubMed1984

Aphasia with elation, hypermusia, musicophilia and compulsive whistling.

A musically naive patient with dominant fronto-temporal and anterior parietal infarct developed transcortical mixed aphasia. From early convalescence, he exhibited elated mood with hyperprosody and repetitive, spontaneous whistling and whistling in response to questions. He often spontaneously sang without error in pitch, melody, rhythm and lyrics, and spent long periods of time listening to music. His behaviour progressively improved in parallel with very good recovery of verbal skills. Musicality and singing are rarely tested at the bedside. Preservation of these abilities in aphasics might portend eventual recovery.

Aphasia↗

PubMed1984

Photic induced-driven PLEDs in paroxysmal dystonic choreoathetosis.

An 82-year-old female had rare unilateral spontaneous attacks of paroxysmal dystonic choreoathetosis without loss of consciousness since early adolescence. Her maternal aunt had similar episodes. Previous interictal EEGs never recorded in close association to her attacks had been normal. Photic stimulation at low frequencies during EEG recordings performed near to one of her ictus, induced paroxysmal driven lateralized epileptiform discharges from the contralateral hemisphere. This peri-ictal finding in a patient with paroxysmal dystonic choreoathetosis is unique and suggests this disorder may have some epileptogenic basis.

Aged↗

PubMed1984

EEG features in post-traumatic syndrome.

Standard and 24-hour ambulatory EEG recordings were performed on 54 patients with post-traumatic syndrome that developed after minor closed head trauma or whiplash neck injuries. Paroxysmal activity occurred in 9.2% of patients, either specific or non-specific. While being monitored, 24 patients experienced symptoms typical of this disorder without concurrent EEG abnormalities. No patient exhibited abnormalities in the 24-hour ambulatory recording alone. The symptoms of post-traumatic syndrome were not epileptogenic and the overall incidence of EEG abnormalities in this disorder was low, contradicting some previous reports.

Adolescent↗