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Biomedical subjects

D E Luxton

Publications and source records attributed to D E Luxton.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Comparison of a slow-release trimethoprim with co-trimoxazole: efficacy and selection of resistance in the Enterobacteriaceae.

One hundred and fifty one patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection were treated randomly in a double blind study with a slow release form of trimethoprim or with co-trimoxazole. Similar cure rates were seen. There was no difference between the proportions of patients in the two groups who acquired trimethoprim-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Further clinical trials with slow release trimethoprim should be performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Double-blind study to compare the selection of antibiotic resistance by amoxycillin or cephradine in the commensal flora.

Elderly patients with acute urinary infections were treated in a double-blind study with either amoxycillin or cephradine. In 52 patients who had received amoxycillin for one week about a third of all intestinal Escherichia coli were highly resistant to amoxycillin, and many were resistant to tetracycline, trimethoprim, or chloramphenicol. Cephradine selected less resistance. At a week after completion of chemotherapy, cephradine-resistant E coli were replaced by sensitive cultures at a greater frequency than were amoxycillin-resistant E coli. Neither antibiotic altered the skin flora. Amoxycillin, but not cephradine, selected for Enterobacteriaceae in the saliva. The propensity of amoxycillin to select resistance in E coli will limit its usefulness in treating urinary infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of single-dose trimethoprim with a five-day course for the treatment of urinary tract infections in the elderly.

Ninety-six elderly patients (mean age 80 years) with acute urinary infections were treated in a single-blind trial, with either one 200 mg dose of trimethoprim or 200 mg b.d. for five days. After one week the initial pathogen was eliminated in 67% of patients who had received the single dose and in 94% who received the drug for five days. These differences were highly significant (P less than 0.01). After two weeks, the patients who had received trimethoprim for five days were significantly freer from infection than those who had received the single dose. The level of acquired resistance following trimethoprim was small. The single dose of trimethoprim was associated with less suppression of the faecal Enterobacteriaceae and the selection of less resistance in these organisms than the five-day course. Interrupted antibiotic courses may not be particularly prone to select resistance. Trimethoprim was well tolerated in the great majority of patients; only three patients suffered possible side-effects.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of trimethoprim alone with trimethoprim sulphamethoxazole in the treatment of respiratory and urinary infections with particular reference to selection of trimethoprim resistance.

279 patients were treated with 100 mg trimethoprim or 100 mg trimethoprim combined with 500 mg sulphamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) twice daily for 5 days in a prospective randomised double-blind trial. In chest infections in patients in general practice and in an acute geriatric assessment unit, the efficacy of each regimen was similar, but there were more side-effects with co-trimoxazole than with trimethoprim alone. In urinary-tract infections the two regimens also produced similar cure rates. Treatment with trimethoprim rarely selected resistant pathogens in the sputum or resistant Enterobacteriacae in the intestine, although the incidence of resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci on the skin increased with both regimens. Most chest and urinary infections hitherto treated with co-trimoxazole should be treated with trimethoprim alone.

Adult↗