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Biomedical subjects

D E Potter

Publications and source records attributed to D E Potter.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of carbuterol and metaproterenol.

Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to selective beta-adrenergic bronchodilators, carbuterol and metaproterenol, were studied during an asymptomatic period in 8 male subjects with bronchial asthma diagnosed as mile to moderate. On separate days each individual received either placebo, carbuterol 2 mg, carbuterol 4 mg, or metaproterenol 20 mg orally in a double-blind fashion. Subsequently, metabolic and cardiovascular responses were measured periodically for 5 hr. Carbuterol 2 mg was indistinguishable from placebo except for small elevations of glucose at 3 and 4 hr. Carbuterol 4 mg produced significant increases in glucose, insulin, lactate, and free fatty acids as well as in pulse rate and arterial pulse pressure. Metaproterenol produced increases only in plasma glucose and insulin. The majority of patients reported drug-related side effects which were all mild, after taking either carbuterol 4 mg or metaproterenol 20 mg. Fewer subjective side effects were noted with carbuterol 2 mg. These findings indicate that a 2-mg dose of carbuterol can be administered to typical asthmatic subjects without significant subjective or objective side effects. The larger dose (4 mg) may be accompanied by a greater frequency of side effects.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1977

Treatment of high-renin hypertension with propranolol in children after renal transplantation.

Ten children with hypertension poorly controlled with other drugs and high peripheral plasma renin activity after renal transplantation were treated with propranolol. The mean systolic pressure decreased from 139 to 127 mm Hg (p less than 0.05) and the mean diastolic pressure from 98 to 83 mm Hg (p less than 0.01). Eight children had an antihypertensive response; two did not respond. The maximum dose of propranolol in responders varied from 1.0 to 6.2 mg/kg/day and duration of treatment until response varied from four to 49 days. PRA, repeated in seven responders, decreased in all (p less than 0.01). There was no correlation between changes in PRA and blood pressure. Propranolol was well tolerated and was a valuable antihypertensive drug in these children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Catecholamine-induced changes in plasma glucose and insulin levels in the unanesthetized rabbit.

Isoproterenol (ISO) produced dose-related increases in plasma immuno-reactive insulin (IRI) levels in unanesthetized rabbits, whereas epinephrine produced no significant changes. Dose rats of ISO or glucose that produced similar peak increases in glucose levels also produced similar increases in plasma IRI, but the responses to ISO occurred later and were of longer duration than the responses to glucose. Propranolol blocked the increase in plasma IRI produced by ISO, but the ISO-induced rise in plasma glucose was antagonized imcompletely. These data provide supporting evidence for the suggestion that the hyperglycemic activity of ISO in vivo is limited by concurrent ISO-induced changes in peripheral IRI levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The influence of presensitization on graft survival rate.

Graft survival rate was evaluated in 61 recipients with greater than 50 percent frequency of performed antibodies to selected panel cells. This includes recipients of primary cadaver grafts, secondary cadaver grafts, and living related grafts. Graft survival rate also was evaluated in 199 recipients with pretransplant antibodies reacting with 10 to 50 percent of panel cells and in nonsensitized patients. The results show that good graft survival can be obtained in many hyperimmunized patients, particularly in recipients of primary renal allografts (66 percent cadaver graft survival rate at 2 years). However, sensitization following rejection of an allograft appears to confer a less favorable prognosis. The nature of recipient presensitization and the precise specificity of each reactivity cannot always be explained. This is exemplified in three patients in whom broadly reactive lymphocytotoxic antibodies were not directed against HL-A antigens. Since the number of sensitized patients who await renal transplantation is increasing, there should be no hesitation in proceeding with transplantation, particularly with primary grafts. Emphasis, however, must be placed on frequent prospective recipient serum sampling so that transient high levels of cytotoxins do not escape detection and therefore can be easily selected out for cross-matching against potential donors.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1977

HLA typing and primary cadaver graft survival.

Analysis of 463 consecutive primary cadaver renal transplants showed no influence of HLA match grade on renal allograft survival. Additional categorization according to HLA match grade and degree of presensitization again showed no correlation between match grade and graft survival. Mismatches and matches of specific antigens, cross-reacting groups of antigens, and effect of matching at both locus A and B were also evaluated. There was no significant effect on graft survival except when mismatches against donor A2 and cross-reacting group A2, A28 occurred. A trend toward better graft survival was suggested in recipients matched for A9 and cross-reacting group A9, Aw 23, Aw 24. Although HLA match grade did not influence ultimate graft survival, HLA typing remains important, especially to avoid mismatch against donor A2 antigen. In addition, subsequent detection of new specificities, particularly in other than the A and B loci, may provide significance in the future.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1975

Isoproterenol- and epinephrine-induced changes in blood glucose and tissue glycogen levels in normal and diabetic rats: the influence of alteration in endogenous insulin levels and state of nourishment.

The hyperglycemic activities of catecholamines vary drastically from one species to another. Within certain species, the activity of catecholamines is largely dependent upon the state of nourishment. In the rat, isoproterenol (ISO) produces significant hyperglycemia only in the fasted state whereas epinephrine (EPI) produces hyperglycemia in both the fed and the fasted states. In this study, measurement of plasma insulin and glucose levels in response to ISO and EPI showed that ISO produces dose-related increases in the insulin/glucose ratio and that the ratio is influenced greatly by the state of nourishment. On the other hand, EPI, an inhibitor of insulin release, reduced the insulin/glucose ratio. When a deficiency of insulin release was produced by alloxan treatment, the hyperglycemic activity of ISO was increased markedly whereas the activity of EPI did not change. Pretreatment of fed normal rats with ISO suppressed markedly the expected hyperglycemic response to a subsequent challenge with EPI. In contrast, injection of ISO prior to an EPI challenge in diabetic rats produced a hyperglycemic effect greater than that produced by either agent alone. These results suggest that insulin release by ISO regulates the hyperglycemic activity of this catecholamine in the rat and perhaps in several other species as well. Moreover, much of the species differences in the hyperglycemic activity of catecholamines can be attributed to their ability to stimulate hepatic glucose production on the one hand and to stimulate or inhibit insulin release on the other.

Animals↗