SKELETAL MATURATION IN MONGOLISM (DOWN'S SYNDROME).
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D E ZARFAS.
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Delayed skeletal maturation has been long accepted as a correlate of mental retardation. Three hundred mentally retarded children were examined for skeletal age and failed to show any overall delay of bone age as compared to chronological age. Further, birth weight was found to be unrelated to bone age maturity. Children with severe levels of retardation displayed significant delay in bone development only when profound physical disability was also present. In eight diagnostic categories of mental retardation, only those with metabolic syndromes showed any significant delay in skeletal system maturation. Conversely, mongoloid children showed a larger-than-chance percentage of advanced bone maturation. Skeletal measures therefore are perhaps more reflective of etiological states than of diagnostic classifications in mental retardation.
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Mental retardation is an impairment of intellect in which the intelligence quotient is less than 85. It is a symptom which has more than 100 known causes. Mental retardation should be diagnosed early in life. There are many specific conditions for which therapy is available and many less specific contributing causes which may be obviated by sound medical care. Many of these are reviewed. Since 90% of retarded children will remain in the community, suggestions for management of the child and the problems of the family were included. The function of the special clinic for retarded children was briefly stated. Early separation of the child from the family was discouraged, and the principal reasons for long-term residential care were stated.
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