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Biomedical subjects

D Edmonds

Publications and source records attributed to D Edmonds.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

A technique for fabrication of a cheek recontouring prosthesis.

A technique has been described for fabrication of a removable prosthesis that restores proper cheek contour. This prosthesis is a modified removable partial denture with a retentive surface to hold an acrylic resin bolus to recontour the cheek from within. The advantages of such a prosthesis for the patient with facial nerve paralysis include restoration of fullness and proper contour to the cheek (Figs. 7 and 8), prevention of trauma to the buccal mucosa during mastication, and stretching of the cheek, which indirectly improves oral hygiene in the buccal sulcus. The disadvantages of this technique include limited improvement in esthetic and functional contour of the cheek, and food accumulation beneath the acrylic resin bolus, which requires more meticulous hygiene.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1987

ACE inhibitor versus beta-blocker in the treatment of essential hypertension.

It is to be expected that in the near future the success or failure of antihypertensive substances will be mainly determined by their spectrum of side effects so long as their antihypertensive efficacy is comparable. This double-blind study with crossover of enalapril and atenolol in 58 mild to moderate hypertensive patients is, as far as we know, the first clinical trial evaluating next to the antihypertensive efficacy also compliance and side effects. On the grounds of excellent compliance results (ca. 95%) blood pressure values as well as the incidence of side effects can be assumed to be accurate. Our results show that the antihypertensive efficacy of enalapril is comparable to that of atenolol. The number of patients with side effects did not differ significantly between enalapril and atenolol.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in the clinic: quality of life.

In mild to moderate hypertension the benefit:risk ratio of treatment cannot be predicted for an individual patient. Antihypertensive drug therapy can therefore only be justified if the patient's quality of life remains unimpaired. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are considered to improve the 'quality of life'. However, only two trials have assessed the influence of antihypertensive drugs on 'quality of life', and it is interesting that both used captopril as a comparative drug. Although both studies differed in their 'quality-of-life' definitions and in their assessment methods, in the overall analysis of change, both favoured captopril. There are no published trials comparing the effects of enalapril with other antihypertensive agents on major aspects of quality of life. Our own results show that enalapril and atenolol are equivalent, both in terms of antihypertensive efficacy and incidence of side effects.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1987

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return: report of a case diagnosed on ECMO.

After repeated echocardiographic assessment and cardiology consultation, a 2,750-g, 36 weeks' gestation neonate with esophageal atresia, tracheo-esophageal fistula, and pneumonia thought to be complicated by persistent pulmonary hypertension was placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). While on ECMO, pre-oxygenator and umbilical artery blood gas patterns suggested the diagnosis of total anomalous pulmonary venous return which was subsequently confirmed by cardiac catheterization.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1986

Effect of atrial natriuretic polypeptide on angiotensin II-induced increase of cytosolic free calcium in cultured smooth muscle cells.

We investigated the effects of angiotensin II (ANG II) and synthetic atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) on cytosolic free calcium concentration [( Ca2+]i) of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Incubation with ANP alone showed little or no change in [Ca2+]i, whereas ANG II alone increased [Ca2+]i in a dose-dependent manner up to 164%, compared with basal levels of 253 +/- 17 nmol/l (mean +/- s.e.m.). Simultaneous addition of 10 nmol/l ANG II and varying concentrations of ANP produced a reduction in the ANG II-induced increase in [Ca2+]i. These data suggest that the vasorelaxant effect of ANP is at least partly mediated by changes in [Ca2+]i.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1986

Enalapril as a first-step agent in essential hypertension: a comparative study with atenolol.

The aim of the present double-blind crossover study was to compare the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of enalapril and atenolol in 48 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. After a 2-week wash-out period, treatment was started with either enalapril 20 mg or atenolol 50 mg daily. In patients with a diastolic blood pressure value of more than 90 mmHg after 2 weeks of therapy, doses were doubled. After 4 weeks of therapy, cases were classified as responders (diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 95 mmHg) or non-responders (diastolic blood pressure greater than 95 mmHg) and after a 2-week wash-out phase switched over to the alternative drug for another 4-week therapy period. Both substances significantly lowered mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure to a comparable degree. After 2 weeks, 57% of patients under enalapril and 59% under atenolol shared a satisfactory response, which did not change at the higher dose levels. After 4 weeks of therapy the incidence of side effects was slightly, but insignificantly, higher on atenolol than on enalapril. Thus, our results show that both agents seem equally qualified as first-step drugs in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Does self-measurement of blood pressure improve compliance in hypertensive patients?].

To increase compliance in antihypertensive therapy, adherence was measured before and after distribution of non-automatic blood pressure devices. After 2 weeks of taking placebo, 37 essential hypertensive patients, both male and female, were treated over a period of 8 months with an antihypertensive combination drug containing triamterene. At each follow-up, compliance was checked by triamterene urine fluorescence. In the third month of therapy all patients were given a non-automatic blood pressure device. The results showed that self-recording of blood pressure increased the compliance rate of the group from 65% at the beginning of the trial to 81% at the end. Patients who showed poor adherence and consistently insufficient blood pressure values increased their compliance rate from 0% before to 70% after self-measuring of blood pressure. In the light of these findings, self-recording of blood pressure can be recommended in cases where compliance is suspected to be poor and blood pressure is inadequately controlled.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Does self-measurement of blood pressure improve patient compliance in hypertension?

Compliance with antihypertensive therapy was measured before and after distribution of non-automatic blood pressure devices. After 2 weeks of placebo treatment, 37 patients were treated with an antihypertensive combination drug containing triamterene. Adherence to therapy was assessed over 8 months by measuring urine fluorescence due to triamterene at intervals of 2-4 weeks, unknown to the patients. After 3 months of therapy, all patients, not just those with poor compliance, were given blood pressure devices and were carefully instructed in their use. The results showed that self-recording of blood pressure increased the compliance rate in the total group from 65% at the beginning of the study to 81% at the end. In those who initially showed poor compliance, there was an increase in compliance from 0 to 70% after self-measuring of blood pressure was introduced. We conclude that self-recording of blood pressure may be of value in patients with unsatisfactory blood pressure responses in whom poor compliance is suspected.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1985

Incidence of clinical infections in a defined population of pregnant women.

The incidence of clinical maternal infections was determined in a prospective study of 44,016 pregnant women at 12 university hospitals. Viral and bacterial infections were the most frequently reported. Overall, the highest incidence of infections was for vaginitis, influenza/"flu"-like disease, and infections of the kidney, ureter, bladder; parasitic and fungal infections occurred at low rates. Most women experienced only one infection during pregnancy (89.7%); however, some had two different infections (8.5%), and a few had three or more (1.7%). The analysis of the effects of some of the maternal infections on the pregnant women and their children have been published, and further studies are in progress.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1984

Simplified method for fabricating a prong denture for atrophic maxillae.

A simpler technique for fabricating a prong denture has been described. The prong denture was placed in the mouth of a patient with an atrophic maxilla, who was suffering from ALS, a disabling motor disease. The patient was unable to manage a conventional denture. With the insertion of a prong denture, the patient experienced greatly increased retention and function of his maxillary prosthesis and a more favorable attitude toward himself and his disease.

Atrophy↗