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Biomedical subjects

D Evered

Publications and source records attributed to D Evered.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

International scientific meetings: relation between structure and function.

Increasing pressure is being placed on the scientific community to evaluate research activities. Scientific meetings consume a small but important fraction of the research budget. Audit of a well established series of scientific meetings showed that they met their immediate objectives in that they were international and multidisciplinary and provided a forum in which all participants actively contributed to discussion. The meetings had a positive outcome for the participants, leading in many cases to the subsequent exchange of research material (60% of participants) and to the establishment of collaborative research projects (31%). The impact of the meetings on the scientific community at large was assessed by citation analysis, which showed that the proceedings were cited early, often, and over a substantial period.

Australia↗
PubMed1985

Where do medically qualified researchers come from?

262 doctors in research oriented posts completed a questionnaire on their career and influences upon it. 14% did not regard themselves as committed to a career in research. Of those who did, less than one-third made their choice by graduation; almost half did so 3 or more years after qualification. For 41%, research was a planned career; 39% developed their interest within a job that was not necessarily research oriented; and 20% entered research fortuitously. 29% of the sample had undertaken intercalated degrees. 50% had a higher medical degree, 14% had a non-medical research degree, and a further 11% had both; 25% possessed neither. The most frequently reported positive influence on the decision to follow a research career was intrinsic motivation (eg, interest in a particular subject), though a teacher or mentor had a considerable influence on the decision of 59% of respondents. Only 40% of respondents did some research at medical school; of these, 43% thought that it had positively affected them considerably, and only 16% that it had not done so at all.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1976

Thyroid disease and sebaceous function.

Sebum excretion rates (SER) were measured before and after treatment in patients with hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis. The mean SER in the former was significantly less than that in normal controls but there was no correlation between SER and the severity of the disease as indicated by serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. After treatment with L-thyroxine the SER increased but remained subnormal. By contrast the SER was not increased in patients with thyrotoxicosis and it was unaffected by treatment. The human sebaceous gland seems to respond to thyroid hormone mainly in the hypothyroid range.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Studies on the control of thyrotrophin secretion in normal man.

The effect of graded doses of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) separately on the pituitary-thyroid axis has been studied in normal subjects. It has been demonstrated that small doses (50 mug T4 or 20 mug T3) cause significant suppression of the pituitary-thyroid axis. There was a strong negative correlation between the TSH value 20 min after TRH and the dose of thyroid hormone. T4 supplements led to a progressive dose-related rise in serum T4 and no significant change in T3 until high daily doses (greater than 200 mug) were administered. T3 supplements led to a progressive reduction in serum T4 and there was no change in T3 until substantial supplements were given (greater than 50 mug/day). Concurrent administration of 6 PTU had no effect on the pattern of pituitary suppression or thyroid hormone concentrations in contrast to its reported effect in hypothyroid subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins and the control of thyroid function.

Triiodothyronine (T3) suppression and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) tests were used to study thyroid function in 50 patients with thyroid disease. The results of the thyroid function tests were compared with the levels of serum thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) measured by a radio-receptor assay. In euthyroid and hyperthyroid patients, the presence of TSI corresponded with the absence of TSH control of thyroid function. However, in two hypothyroid patients with serum TSI levels readily detectable in the receptor assay, T3 suppression and TRH tests indicated that thyroid function was under TSH control.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Thyroid function after subtotal thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism.

Among 76 patients who had had a subtotal thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism from one to seven years previously recurrent hyperthyroidism was found in three and hypothyroidism in 13. The remaining 60 subjects were clinically euthyroid but a raised level of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; greater than 5-0 mu U/ml) was found in 39. Analysis of the data showed that their serum thyroxine was significantly lower than in the subjects with a normal TSH. The serum triiodothyronine (T-3) was similar in both groups. It is concluded that subjects with a raised TSH remain clinically euthyroid by maintaining a normal serum T-3 concentration. There was no evidence of any long-term progressive deterioration of thyroid function after subtotal thyroidectomy.

Humans↗
PubMed1974

Growth hormone release inhibiting hormone in acromegaly.

Growth hormone release inhibiting hormone (GHRIH) was administered by constant infusion over 75 minutes to eight acromegalic patients at different doses. 100 to 1,000 mug were equally effective in reducing circulating growth hormone (GH) levels; 25 mug lowered GH levels in only five patients, and at this dose the extent of the fall was smaller than from doses of 100 mug or more. 10 mug was ineffective. Injection of single doses of 500 mug by intravenous, subcutaneous, and intramuscular routes caused only small and transient reductions in GH levels, though the effect was improved by injecting the hormone intramuscularly in 2 ml of 16% gelatin. Injection of a suspension of 4 mg GHRIH in 1 ml of arachis oil lowered growth hormone levels for between three and four hours.In four acromegalic patients an oral 50-g glucose tolerance test was performed during a continuous infusion of either saline or 1,000 mug GHRIH. The "paradoxical" rise in growth hormone seen in these patients during the saline infusion was suppressed by GHRIH. The blood glucose responses were, moreover, modified by GHRIH in that the peak was delayed and occurred at the end of the infusion in each case. A "normal" glucose tolerance curve was converted to a "diabetic" type of response in two patients. This effect could be accounted for by the inhibition of insulin secretion known to occur with large doses of GHRIH.We speculate that acromegaly may be primarily a hypothalmic disease due to deficiency of GHRIH resulting in excessive secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary and adenoma formation due to inappropriate and prolonged stimulation of the pituitary.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1973

Treatment of hypothyroidism: a reappraisal of thyroxine therapy.

Twenty-two subjects with hypothyroidism have been studied in detail before and during replacement therapy with L-thyroxine (T-4). All subjects were stabilized on the minimum dose of T-4 which was necessary to suppress their serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration to normal, and on this dose most subjects had a normal or impaired TSH response to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH). The daily dose of T-4 required to suppress TSH was 0.1 mg (13 subjects), 0.15 mg (six subjects), and 0.2 mg (three subjects). It was shown that all subjects were euthyroid on these doses and, using a range of thyroid function tests, that they were normal in all respects when compared with a group of euthyroid controls, with the exception of a small group who had a marginally raised serum triiodo-L-thyronine (T-3) concentration. It has been shown that those subjects who required the larger doses of T-4 had a more advanced degree of thyroid failure than those who were stabilized on 0.1 mg T-4 daily. It is concluded that conventional doses of T-4 (0.2-0.4 mg daily) are often associated with subclinical hyperthyroidism.

Humans↗