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Biomedical subjects

D F Marks

Publications and source records attributed to D F Marks.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Bibliography of research utilizing the vividness of visual imagery questionnaire.

The Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) is receiving increasing use as a self-report measure of mental, visual imagery vividness. This bibliography contains lists of the publications and dissertations which report investigations of experimental, correlational, and factor analytical research. It also includes publications in which research utilizing the VVIQ is reviewed, critiqued, and discussed. The bibliography provides a resource for investigators.

Bibliographies as Topic↗
PubMed1989

Construct validity of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire.

Chara (1989) recently questioned the construct validity of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) on empirical grounds. Unfortunately, Chara in that paper has erroneously construed construct validity as independent of criterion-related validity. This error is compounded by Chara and Verplanck's 1986 assumption that the VVIQ assesses purely memory imagery. Further problems arise from Chara's 1989 selective reporting of the relevant literature. Comprehensive review of the VVIQ literature in its totality is necessary before conclusions are possible concerning the questionnaire's construct validity.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

The psychology of paranormal beliefs.

Investigation of paranormal claims has failed to find any repeatable phenomena, yet beliefs in such phenomena are extremely prevalent. Some of the psychological mechanisms which support these beliefs are described. Mental imagery, subjective validation, coincidence, hidden causes, and fraud all contribute to the folklore in this field. Magical thinking is as evident today as it ever has been. Recent research suggests that increased skepticism concerning paranormal claims can result from special educational procedures which emphasize critical thinking rather than learning scientific facts.

Attitude↗
PubMed1976

A test of state dependency effects in marihuana intoxication for the learning of psychomotor tasks.

Cannabis cigarettes calibrated to deliver 7 mg delta9-THC were administered to experienced cannabis users and to novices in a 2 x 2 state-dependency learning design using psychomotor tasks. Subjects given four training sessions under marihuana performed no better on the fifth (test) session with the drug than those subjects who had trained in the non-drug condition and were tested in the drug condition. Cannabis-induced impairment in the performance of these tasks is such that prior training in the non-drug condition appears to confer no advantage to the subject. There was no evidence of state-dependency effects in psychomotor performance between drug and non-drug conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Divided attention performance of cannabis users and non-users following cannabis and alcohol.

The effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) and alcohol, and their combination, on divided attention performance were compared for cannabis users and non-users of both sexes. Performance by all subjects was significantly impaired following 2.6 and 5.2 mg delta9-THC but not at blood alcohol concentrations of 48 and 96 mg/100 ml. The combined effect of the 2 drugs depended upon prior experience with cannabis. A synergistic action occurred in non-users while an antagonistic effect occurred in the group of users. Differences in the alcohol effects between users and non-users provided evidence of cross-tolerance between cannabis and alcohol.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Cannabis and temporal disintegration in experienced and naive subjects.

The effects of 3.3 and 6.6 milligrams of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and of placebo on performance of three cognitive tasks were compared for naive subjects and experienced cannabis smokers. No differences in performance or reported subjective effects were found between these two groups. A significant decrement was found following dosage at both levels, replicating earlier findings of temporal disintegration during cannabis intoxication.

Attention↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alzheimer disease and associated disorders: project funding opportunities within the European community.

The European Union has funded numerous projects on Alzheimer disease and associated disorders (ADAD). In the funding years of 1995 and 1996, six million Euro were spent on ADAD projects. In 1996, 21% of applications were funded. Having had the opportunity to review all these projects, we offer insight into the funding procedure and some of our conclusions from reviewing all these projects.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative rehearsal of active coping imagery influences subjective and hormonal responses to abdominal surgery.

Existing evidence suggests that preoperative psychological preparation that is designed to reduce anxiety may sensitize cortisol and adrenaline responses to surgery. In a controlled trial of abdominal surgery patients, we therefore tested the effects of a preoperative preparation that used guided imagery, not to reduce anxiety, but to increase patients' feelings of being able to cope with surgical stress; 26 imagery patients were compared with 25 controls who received, instead, background information about the hospital. State-anxiety was similar in each group, but imagery patients experienced less postoperative pain than did the controls, were less distressed by it, felt that they coped with it better, and requested less analgesia. Hormone levels measured in peripheral venous blood did not differ on the afternoon of admission, before preparation. Cortisol levels were, however, lower in imagery patients than in controls immediately before and after surgery. Noradrenaline levels were greater on these occasions in imagery patients than controls. The results are interpreted in relation to two theories. One states that preoperative "worry" reduces surgical stress. The other concerns the influence of active and passive coping on endocrine responses to stress.

Adaptation, Psychological↗