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Biomedical subjects

D F Morrell

Publications and source records attributed to D F Morrell.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Lignocaine kinetics during cardiopulmonary bypass. Optimum dosage and the effects of haemodilution.

Lignocaine was administered to patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass at 28-29 degrees C in bolus doses of 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 mg kg-1. Plasma concentrations greater than 1.5 micrograms ml-1 were found briefly and inconsistently in patients receiving the usually recommended dose (1.5 mg kg-1), but reliably for 14 min in those receiving 2.5 mg kg-1. The 3.5 mg kg-1 dose produced statistically and clinically significant decreases in mean arterial pressure. Examination of calculated kinetic parameters showed a two-fold decrease in T1/2 alpha, two-fold increases in T1/2 beta and Vss and unaltered ClP and VP when compared with those of unanaesthetized, normothermic patients. The alteration in pharmacokinetics may be attributed largely to decreased binding to albumin following haemodilution.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1982

Topical analgesia of the upper airway with lignocaine. Absorption and its relationship to toxic and anti-arrhythmic levels.

After routine topical application of lignocaine to the upper airway before passage of an endotracheal tube during general anaesthesia, plasma lignocaine levels were assayed in 20 artificially ventilated and 21 spontaneously ventilating patients. Systemic absorption was found to be rapid but very variable. Mean peak level were attained 15 minutes before spraying and were well below the convulsive threshold for anaesthetized patients, while reputedly anti-arrhythmic levels were achieved by 5 minutes and maintained until 40 minutes. Levels in the ventilated group were significantly higher 20 minutes after administration.

Absorption↗
PubMed1981

Convulsions during epidural anaesthesia. A case report.

A case of convulsion due to inadvertent intravascular injection of bupivacaine during attempted epidural anaesthesia is presented. A review of the literature indicates that such an event is difficult to anticipate, and resuscitative equipment and skill are prerequisites for anyone attempting epidural anaesthesia. The role of benzodiazepines, test doses and aspiration tests and the significance of plasma drug levels are discussed.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1980

Response of mhs swine to i.v. infusion of lignocaine and bupivacaine.

We report the negative response of MHS swine to i.v. infusion of lignocaine and bupivacaine yielding plasma concentrations which equal or exceed those reported in humans during extradural analgesia. It is concluded that local anaesthetic techniques using the amide-linked local anaesthetics administered in conventional dosage are safe to use in patients known to be genetically susceptible to malignant hyperthermia.

Animals↗