Amenorrhea: observations based on the analysis of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone testing.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
D F Paulson
Publications and source records attributed to D F Paulson.
Complications of Small-Carrion penile prosthesis.
Seventy-six patients with impotence have undergone insertion of the Small-Carrion penile prosthesis at Duke University Medical Center. Twenty patients experienced postoperative complications. Seven of these 20 patients lost one or both prostheses either by spontaneous extrusion or surgical removal. Although success with this procedure is well documented, complications may be significant when they occur and awareness of these problems is essential for proper management. The benefits of this procedure are reviewed, and reported complications and their management are discussed.
Erectile Dysfunction↗
Primary non-urachal adenocarcinoma of the bladder.
The clinical course of 34 patients with non-urachal adenocarcinoma of the bladder was reviewed and compared to the world experience. The 5-year survivorship was 19 per cent, with only 1 patient being free of disease. Metaplasia with formation of glandular elements reflects the unstable potential of the transitional cell and may be associated with the biologic aggressiveness of the tumor.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Cortisone acetate versus clomiphene citrate in per-germinal idiopathic oligospermia.
Long-term, low dose clomiphene citrate (25 mg./day for 25-day cycles with 5-day rest periods) and long-term, low dose cortisone acetate (5 mg. twice daily) were compared in equivalent populations of men with idiopathic oligospermia. Clomiphene citrate seemed to be more effective than cortisone acetate in enhancing spermatozoal number and the likelihood of pregnancy. In addition, clomiphene citrate increased serum testosterone levels and provided an indicator of hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis responsiveness.
Clomiphene↗
C-type virus particles in human urogenital tumours after heterotransplantation into nude mice.
C-type viruses were formed in heterotransplants of 5/14 human urogenital tumours which had been serially transferred in nude mice of NIH(S) background. Except for one case in which C-type particles were present in the epithelial cells as well as the connective tissue, the viruses were only found within the stroma of the heterotransplanted tumours. Peroxidase labelling with anti-mouse serum demonstrated that the connective tissue supporting the transplanted human tumours was of mouse origin. Competition radioimmunoassays demonstrated that MuLV interspecies viral protein was present in high titre in the transplanted tumour extracts and also in extracts of 2 spontaneous mouse-tumour extracts. These data suggest that endogenous viruses of the nude mice are activated by the graft, and only subsequently infect the human tumour cells and form particles.
Animals↗
Treatment of metastatic endocrine-unresponsive carcinoma of the prostate gland with multiagent chemotherapy: indicators of response to therapy.
Eighty-eight patients with metastatic and hormonally unresponsive carcinoma of the prostate gland were treated with a multiagent chemotherapy protocol. Because of the difficulty in evaluating the response of patients to therapy, data were collected in a prospective fashion and analyzed for clinical or laboratory changes that correlated with improved survivorship. Decrease of initially abnormal values of either acid or alkaline phosphotase into the normal range was associated with prolonged survival; weight gain of more than 10% was also associated with improved survival. Thirty-three patients demonstrated a fall of acid or alkaline phosphatase into the normal range or they increased their weight by at least 10%. The median survival time for this group of patients was 76.1 weeks as compared to 28.2 weeks for patients who failed to exhibit these changes. In future studies of the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer, these changes might be used as criteria of response to therapy.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Oxybutynin chloride in the management of idiopathic detrusor instability.
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Adult↗
Isolation of a human prostate carcinoma cell line (DU 145).
A long-term tissue culture cell line has been derived from a human prostate adenocarcinoma metastatic to the brain. The cell line, DU 145, has been passaged 90 times in vitro over a period of 2 years. The cells are epithelial, grow in isolated islands on plastic Petri dishes, and form colonies in soft agar suspension culture. Karyotypic analysis demonstrates an aneuploid human karyotype with a modal chromosome number of 64. Distinctive marker chromosomes (a translocation Y chromosome, metacentric minute chromosomes and three large acrocentic chromosomes) have been identified. Electron microscopy of the original tumor tissue and of the tissue culture cell line show a remarkable similarity in cell organelle structure.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Liver and prostate adenocarcinoma: an "estrogen-free" environment?
We believe that the probable "estrogen-free" site which is present in the liver while a patient is on estrogens gives a conductive environment for local growth of prostate malignancy. We report 1 patient who improved with local irradiation and 2 others who stabilized and symptomatically improved with chemotherapy. Hopefully, future reports will shed more light on the treatment of hepatic metastases from prostatic adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Oxybutynin chloride in control of post-trasurethral vesical pain and spasm.
Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan) and placebo were randomized in a double-blind trial to determine the effectiveness of the test agent in controlling post-transurethral pain and spasm. Oxybutynin chloride was found effective in controlling pain and spasm; no significant side effects were noted.
Clinical Trials as Topic↗
Staging profile of hypofertile male subjects.
Thirty-four hypofertile male subjects with either oligospermia or azoospermia underwent infertility evaluation with assay of serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone and testicular biopsy. Cytogenetic analysis of testicular tissue and peripheral leukocytes was competed on 11 patients. Fifteen male subjects underwnet bilateral contrast vasography. These studies permitted segregation of the hypofertile male population from those with post-germinal hypofertility, primary germinal hypofertility or pre-germinal hypofertility. Retrospective analysis indicates that segregation of the hypofertile male population permits optimum selection for treatment intervention.
Biopsy↗
Trimethoprium-sulfamethoxazole and minocycline- hydrochloride in the treatment of culture-proved bacterial prostatitis.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 2 tablets twice daily for 90 days, or minocycline-hydrochloride, 100 mg. twice daily for 14 days, was given to 15 and 14 men, respectively, with culture-proved bacterial prostatitis. Given as prescribed both agents seemed equally effective in controlling symptomatic recurrence during the 12 months after cessation of therapy.
Bacterial Infections↗
Detection of metastatic tumors in nude mice: brief communication.
Homozygous nude (nu/nu) mice were inoculated ip with either highly malignant human bladder transitional cell carcinoma or human prostate adenocarcinoma. These animals were subsequently given injections of normal human T-lymphocytes to restore the known T-lymphocyte deficiency present in homozygous nude mice. Metastatic spread of the prostate and bladder carcinomas was evident in mice given human T-lymphocytes. Although tumor growth was observed at the sites of tumor inoculation, no tumor spread was observed in mice not receiving T-lymphocytes.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Carcinogenesis in urogenital sites.
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Carcinoembryonic antigen as an adjunct to determination of clinical stage in prostate cancer.
CEA level has been measured in a series of prostate cancer patients. Data are presented to show CEA correlation with clinical course and acid phosphatase level.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Prostate and transitional cell carcinoma: radioimmunoassay of viral tumor-associated antigens.
Partially purified extracts from human urothelial tumors were utilized as competing antigens in competition radioimmunoassays in conjunction with purified RNA viral interspecies proteins and the respective antibodies to these viral proteins in efforts to detect the presence of one of the structural components of type C RNA viruses, the p30 core protein. Some antigen present in extracts of 25% of the bladder and 22% of the prostate tissues assayed demonstrated cross-reactivity with the viral p30 protein used in the radioimmunoassay system. These findings suggest that some human urothelial tissues contain a protein similar to the p30 core protein of the C-type RNA viruses and that this protein might prove useful in clinical surveys of patients with urogenital tumors.
Antigens, Neoplasm↗
Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of human prostatic acinar cells.
Benign hyperplastic and neoplastic human prostate tissue samples were obtained by needle biopsy, transurethral resection or open prostatectomy. Acinar cells of both types of tissues were examined in the scanning electron microscope. It had been reported previously that adenocarcinoma acinar cells were more heterogeneous in size and shape than BPH acinar cells; the purpose of this study was to determine if there were surface morphology differences between the two types of tissues. Acinar cells were found to be extremely heterogeneous in their surface morphologies; three major types of surface morphologies were present - microvillous, ruffled, and bare. Within each class of surface morphology there was heterogeneity, both in size and density, of surface structures present. Microvillous, ruffled, and bare cells appeared to be present in normal, BPH, and neoplastic acini with no significant qualitative or quantitative differences in surface morphologies. Infrequently, it was possible to distinguish between well-differentiated and poorly-differentiated carcinomas because cells of the latter tissues were present in sheets rather than acini and appeared flat and totally devoid of surface detail. The SEM studies also sought to determine a marker to establish the origin of prostate tissue culture cells as normal, BPH or cancerous. Surface morphologies from tissues could be traced into the tissue cultures; again, three types of cells are present - bare, microvillous, and ruffled. However, since surface morphology does not appear to be a distinguishin feature of the pathology of the tissue it cannot provide a distinguishing marker for the origin of tissue culture cells. Scanning electron microscopy also provided an opportunity to observe possible secretory mechanisms and products in the prostate acinar cells.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Correlation of apparent molecular weight and antigenicity of viral proteins: an SDS-page separation followed by acrylamide-agarose electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation.
A simple method is described which combines a sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SOS-PAGE) in the first demension with a second electrophoresis, at right angles to the first, into an agarose matrix. The proteins, separated by SDS-PAGE, are exposed to appropriate antisera after the second stage electrophoresis and immunoprecipitates form in the agarose corresponding to the relative electrophoretic mobilities of proteins in the first stage SDS-PAGE separation. The method thus provides a simple, reproducible means for correlating antigenicity with apparent molecular weight of proteins. The technique is qualtitative, but requires smaller quantities of antisera than more conventional immunoelectrophoretic methods such as rocket electrophoresis.
Antigens, Viral↗