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Biomedical subjects

D Faber

Publications and source records attributed to D Faber.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Prolonging bovine sperm-oocyte incubation in modified medium 199 improves embryo development rate and the viability of vitrified blastocysts.

This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of four in vitro fertilization (IVF) media: Bracket and Oliphant's medium (BO), modified medium 199 (IVF-M199), modified Tyrode's medium (MTM), and modified KSOM (m-KSOM) on fertilization efficiency and blastocyst formation rate. In addition, we wanted to investigate the benefit of prolonging the IVF period (from 6 to 18 h) using the two most effective IVF media determined in our initial experiment; subsequently, blastocyst viability was assessed following vitrification. A higher incidence of polyspermic fertilization was observed in the MTM (6%) and in BO, in both the 6 and 18 h (7% and 11%, respectively) groups, than in the m-KSOM (1%) or in the IVF-M199 6 or 18 h (1 and 3%, respectively) groups. Cleavage rates were similar in BO, IVF-M199, and MTM 48 h post-fertilization; however, the lowest cleavage rate was observed for m-KSOM. A greater proportion of zygotes developed into 8-cell embryos in IVF-M199 than in other IVF media. Subsequently, a greater proportion of blastocyst formation and hatching was achieved in IVF-M199 (40% and 79%, respectively) or BO (35% and 74%, respectively) than in m-KSOM (18% and 58%, respectively) or MTM (22% and 66%, respectively). Prolonging IVF to 18 h did not alter cleavage rates; however, the highest rate of overall blastocyst formation was achieved in the IVF-M199 18 h (49%), rather than in the BO 18 h (20%) group. Vitrified/thawed blastocysts from IVF-M199 groups re-expanded and developed better, as compared to the BO 18 h group, and hatching rate and total cell number in IVF-M199 18 h group was comparable to the control groups (non-vitrified). Vitrification reduced survival compared to controls. In conclusion, IVF-M199 was successfully used for IVF, compared favorably to BO medium, and offered the advantage of an extended IVF period for up to 18 h that requires only one-half a dose of semen, and resulted in better quality blastocysts that endured vitrification with a hatching rate comparable to that of control groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

The construct validity of empowerment among consumers of mental health services.

Subscales of the Empowerment Scale (Rogers, E. S., Chamberlin, J., Ellison, M. L., Crean, T., 1997. A consumer-constructed scale to measure empowerment among users of mental health services. Psychiatr. Serv. 48, 1042-1047) were examined to see whether they fit a model of consumer empowerment that distinguishes self- and community orientations. In addition, the relationship of these two superordinate factors to several psychosocial factors was examined. Thirty-five participants in a partial hospitalization program were administered the Empowerment Scale and measures of quality of life, social support, self-esteem, psychiatric symptoms, needs and resources, global functioning, and verbal intelligence. Analysis of the subscales of the Empowerment Scale yielded two factors consistent with self- and community orientations to empowerment. Correlational analyses revealed that the two superordinate factors were associated with different sets of psychosocial variables. A self-orientation to empowerment was significantly associated with quality of life, social support, self-esteem, and psychiatric symptoms. Community orientation was correlated with self-esteem, resources, verbal intelligence, and ethnicity. The implications of these findings for a model of consumer empowerment are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Correlation between intraocular pressure and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts in patients with human immunodeficiency virus with and without cytomegalovirus retinitis.

PURPOSE: To determine the intraocular pressure in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with and without cytomegalovirus retinitis, and to correlate intraocular pressure with CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and the presence, extent, and activity of cytomegalovirus retinitis. METHODS: Intraocular pressure was measured with calibrated Goldmann applanation tonometers in two groups of patients. Group A included 84 patients with HIV (120 eyes) with cytomegalovirus retinitis, and Group B included 110 patients with HIV (183 eyes) without cytomegalovirus retinitis. Thirty-three patients without HIV (66 eyes) were included as a control group. Step-wise regression analysis of intraocular pressure included correlation with cytomegalovirus retinitis (presence, extent, and activity), CD4+ T-lymphocyte count, age, and gender. RESULTS: The mean intraocular pressure was 9.8 mm Hg in Group A, 12.6 mm Hg in Group B, and 16.1 mm Hg in the control group. All three groups were statistically different from each other when intraocular pressure was compared (P < .0001). Step-wise regression showed that low CD4+ T-lymphocyte count (r2 = .20; P < .0001) and extent of cytomegalovirus retinitis (r2 = .08; P = .007) both correlated to low intraocular pressure. CONCLUSION: Intraocular pressure is lower than normal in patients with HIV. Decreased CD4+ T-lymphocyte count is the major association with low intraocular pressure (20% of the effect); extent of cytomegalovirus retinitis accounts for 8% of the effect. Knowledge of the normal range of intraocular pressure in patients with HIV will be important to the understanding and treatment of glaucoma and other disorders or treatments affecting intraocular pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Quantitative morphological studies on various organs of the MINI-LEWE miniature swine].

Quantitative morphological studies were conducted into 27 MINI-LEWE miniature pigs, with the view to exploring the correlations between a number of organs (liver, kidneys, heart, spleen, pancreas, adrenal gland, and thyroid gland) and parameters (live weight, age, weight at slaughter, length from snout to tail root, and internal length of slaughter body). The results are presented in 12 ilustrations and five tables.

Adrenal Glands↗