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Biomedical subjects

D Finkelstein

Publications and source records attributed to D Finkelstein.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The role of fluorescein angiography in national collaborative studies.

Over the past 20 years, fluorescein angiography has demonstrated its value in the diagnosis and management of most diseases of the retinal vessels and choroidal vessels, including diabetic retinopathy, aging macular degeneration, and venous occlusive disorders. Fluorescein angiography has become so important for diagnostic purposes and for laser management that it has become a standard technique in the authors' most carefully performed clinical research studies such as randomized clinical trials. These clinical trials demand fluorescein angiography not only for diagnosis and eligibility of patients, but also to document the adequacy of laser photocoagulation. The use of fluorescein angiography has encouraged the development of newer photographic techniques and has encouraged a commendable level of expertise among photographers. Experience with fluorescein angiography in clinical trials has led to the development of general guidelines for the use of angiography for the management of patients outside the confines of a clinical trial; we emphasize the importance of recent angiography as a general guideline for all patients with macular edema or choroidal neovascularization before consideration of laser photocoagulation.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1986

Argon laser photocoagulation for macular edema in branch vein occlusion.

The Branch Vein Occlusion Study is a multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial that was designed to answer several questions regarding the management of complications of branch vein occlusion. Recently, this study reported the benefit of argon laser photocoagulation for improving visual acuity in certain eyes with macular edema, performing the laser photocoagulation in a "grid" pattern over the area demonstrated as leaking by fluorescein angiography. Comparing treated patients with control patients (mean follow-up 3.1 years for all study eyes), a gain of at least two lines of visual acuity from baseline maintained for two consecutive visits was significantly greater in treated eyes (P = 0.00049 log rank test). Because of this improvement in visual acuity with argon laser photocoagulation, the study recommends laser photocoagulation for patients with macular edema associated with branch vein occlusion who meet the eligibility criteria of the study.

Argon↗
PubMed1985

Peripheral retinal function in age-related macular degeneration.

Aging changes are seen histopathologically outside the central retina, but have not been correlated with the presence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We studied 21 patients with drusen and AMD to see if peripheral retinal function changes are correlated with changes in the central retina. Electrooculogram Arden ratios were normal. Intensity-response analysis of dark-adapted electroretinogram b-waves and analysis of flicker electroretinograms were normal except for a small sensitivity loss presumed to reflect aging and lens yellowing. There was no difference between patients' severely involved AMD eye and their fellow eye with only drusen. Static perimetry showed sensitivity loss in the central 20 degrees, but normal thresholds peripheral to this. These results suggest that retinal function abnormalities in AMD are confined to the central retina, and the small age-related peripheral changes found do not correlate with the degree of AMD.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Properties of electroretinographic intensity-response functions in retinitis pigmentosa.

Dark-adapted electroretinogram (ERG) b-wave amplitudes and implicit times were recorded as a function of stimulus luminance for 15 retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients and 15 normal subjects. B-wave amplitude as a function of log stimulus luminance was fit by non-linear regression with the Naka-Rushton equation, which has 3 independent parameters: The maximum response (Rmax), slope (n) and half-saturation constant (K). B-wave implicit-time as a function of log stimulus luminance was fit by linear regression. Compared to normal, the RP Rmax values were markedly reduced, suggesting response compression; the RP K values were elevated by an average of 0.76 log unit, suggesting relatively small losses in retinal sensitivity. There was no correspondence between Rmax and visual field area for the RP patients (coefficient of correlation = -0.02). All but 2 of the 15 RP patients had normal or shallower-than-normal implicit-time intensity-response functions, indicating that over most of the dynamic range of the ERG, the implicit-times were either normal or faster-than-normal. These results are discussed in terms of possible RP disease mechanisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Functional monitors of rejection in small intestinal transplants.

Absorption of cyclosporine and uptake of radiolabelled glucose by the transplanted small intestine in the dog was investigated to develop physiologic markers of rejection. Cyclosporine in olive oil was given orally, and glucose-14C was instilled into an isolated pouch constructed from the transplanted jejunum. Biopsies were simultaneously obtained from an isolated pouch made from the transplanted ileum. The absorption data were correlated with the histologic findings. Absorption of cyclosporine was of the same magnitude in autotransplanted dogs as it was in allotransplanted dogs with a normal graft. Absorption of cyclosporine in allotransplanted dogs with histologic signs of rejection was significantly reduced. Peak uptake of glucose-14C was noted 5 to 10 minutes after instillation of the isotope in autotransplanted and allotransplanted dogs with a normal graft. Allotransplanted dogs undergoing rejection had a delayed appearance of peak uptake and significantly reduced absolute uptake. In conclusion, absorption of cyclosporine and uptake of radiolabelled glucose can be utilized as functional monitors of intestinal allograft rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) and S-adenosylmethionine in the prevention of hemorrhagic gastritis induced by aspirin in the human. Endoscopic, histologic and histochemical study].

On 58 healthy subjects, it was evaluated in endoscopic and histopathologic form, the cytoprotective effect on the gastroduodenal mucosa, such of T.G.E 1 (misoprostol) as of SAMe, in the present of acute bleeding gastritis induced by 1300 mg aspirin in a single dose and during 2 hours. SAMe was given in progressive doses up to 500 mg, which were ingested simultaneously with aspirin, and so with Misoprostol in doses of 50 mg, showed an endoscopic score of 0 without microscopic lesion of the gastroduodenal mucosa, this was confirmed by the histopathology, where both drugs give a cytoprotection of the gastroduodenal mucosa by about 95% of total biopsies gastrointestinal mucosa. It is suggest that T.G.E.1 (misoprostol) and SAMe are choice drugs in the treatment of hemorrhagic gastritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

In vitro translation of mRNA for yeast citrate synthase.

The citrate synthase of yeast was purified to homogeneity and shown to have a subunit molecular weight of 52,000. Antibodies were prepared to it in rabbits. Translation of total yeast mRNA using a reticulocyte lysate showed that [3H]leucine was incorporated into a protein precipitable by rabbit anti-yeast citrate synthase with a molecular weight of about 54,000. No incorporation of [35S]methionine into an anti-citrate synthase precipitable protein could be detected in a similar experiment. In vivo labeling of cells with 35SO4 did not result in the labeling of citrate synthase.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Histopathologic study of nine branch retinal vein occlusions.

Occlusions of nine branch retinal veins in eight eyes of seven patients were studied histopathologically by serial sections through the affected areas. Intravitreal neovascularization from the disc, retina, or both was noted in four eyes. Two additional eyes had intraretinal neovascularization (intraretinal microvascular abnormalities). Cystoid macular edema was present in five eyes. A fresh or recanalized thrombus was noted at the site of vein occlusion in all eyes. Inner ischemic atrophy of the retina was found distal to the area of occlusion in six of the nine affected quadrants of the eight eyes. Although the corresponding branch retinal arteries showed varying degrees of sclerosis (severe, three eyes; moderate, five eyes; and minimal, one eye), no definite thrombus was observed in any of them.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Cyclic macular edema.

Three patients with macular edema noted that their vision improved during the course of the day. In one patient, a 25-year-old man, visual acuity improved from 20/40 to 20/30; in the second, a 53-year-old woman, it improved from 20/60 to 20/40; in the third, a 30-year-old man, it improved from 20/25 to 20/20. The Rayleigh match showed a wider divergence in color matches to test wavelengths during the morning hours in one patient. The Stiles-Crawford effect was abnormal in all three patients but showed no cyclic pattern. All three patients had difficulty with Arden plates, but no cyclic pattern was apparent. The cyclic change in visual acuity could not be corrected by a change in refraction and may have been the result of a change in the macular edema.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Branch vein occlusion. Retinal neovascularization outside the involved segment.

Three hundred sixty-six cases of branch vein occlusion entered within the multicenter Branch Vein Occlusion Randomized Clinical Trial have been reviewed. Four cases that developed retinal neovascularization outside of the retinal area involved with the occlusion have been documented by photography and fluorescein angiography.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Acute retinal necrosis syndrome.

Six patients with the acute retinal necrosis (ARN) syndrome are described. Ophthalmoscopic examination demonstrated occlusion of peripheral retinal vessels and patchy areas of peripheral retinal whitening spreading rapidly over a period of weeks to markedly decreased vision. In four patients, the disease was bilateral. Histologic examination of vitrectomy specimens from three cases and one enucleated eye revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation. Extensive medical evaluations were noncontributory, with no evidence of compromised immune systems. No patient demonstrated a response to any form of therapy. The etiology is unknown.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Ocular complications.

Ocular complications of diabetes in humans are reviewed briefly, and experimental models available for study of the complications are described. Potentially suitable models include not only diabetic animals, but also nondiabetic animals in which analogous lesions have been demonstrated. Many abnormalities of the lens, cornea, iris, and retina comparable to those of diabetes in humans may be observed in diabetic animals, although all abnormalities are not necessarily observed in every species. Retinal changes, in particular, may occur in diabetic animals of several species, but only in large animals (dogs, primates) have saccular capillary aneurysms been reproduced consistently, together with other retinal changes typical of diabetes in humans. A few examples of the uses of animal models are offered, and attention is called to a lack of animal models of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and of rubeosis iridis.

Animals↗