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Biomedical subjects

D Firestone

Publications and source records attributed to D Firestone.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Use of clozapine in 10 mentally retarded adults.

The cost, side effect profile, and required weekly blood draws associated with clozapine may dissuade some clinicians from prescribing this atypical neuroleptic to mentally retarded patients. All publications on clozapine use in mentally retarded patients are reviewed and the treatment of 10 such patients is described, bringing the total number of published cases to 84. Clozapine is efficacious and well tolerated in this population and should be considered for those patients with psychosis or bipolar illness who are intolerant of or unresponsive to other agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Valproate-associated pancreatitis and cholecystitis in six mentally retarded adults.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatitis is usually considered a rare side effect of valproate. We describe five cases of pancreatitis and one case of cholecystitis associated with the use of valproate. METHOD: Through chart review, we identified all patients in our facility treated with valproate between 1989 and 1994, and all cases of pancreatitis and cholecystitis identified during that same period in our population of 322 mentally retarded patients. We also searched MEDLINE for all published cases of pancreatitis or cholecystitis associated with valproate treatment. RESULTS: Five (7%) of 72 valproate-treated patients experienced pancreatitis, and one experienced cholecystitis; all recovered fully. This brings the total number of reported cases of valproate-associated pancreatitis to 55. CONCLUSION: Pancreatitis may occur more frequently than previously recognized in mentally retarded adults treated with valproate. Developmentally disabled patients should be carefully monitored for this potentially lethal side effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Interlaboratory study on determination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in fish.

An interlaboratory round robin study was carried out to estimate the reliability of data on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in fish. Using different methods, 13 laboratories (4 Canadian, 9 American) agreed to analyze 4 fish samples; 3 were Great Lakes salmonids containing bio-incurred levels of TCDD below 100 ppt and the fourth was an ocean fish fillet containing no measurable TCDD. Samples were sent as freeze-dried portions as it was shown that no change of TCDD occurred by this sample preparation. Results were normalized between laboratories by supplying each with an aliquot of the same 2,3,7,8-TCDD standard. Eight laboratories reported a set of results of which one set was rejected. Values from the 7 remaining laboratories for the 3 positive fish showed mean concentrations in pg/g (ppt) and (CV, %) of 61.2 (13.9), 30.4 (18.4), and 32.3 (25.4). Detection limits averaged 3.6 ppt and ranged between 1 and 10 ppt. No significant differences appeared in the concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in fish samples from methods differing in the use of: (i) digestion or extraction techniques, (ii) high or low resolution mass spectrometry, and (iii) isomer specific or nonspecific separations. Overall recovery values using internal standards varied greatly (29-109%) even within the same laboratory and pointed to the need to use an internal standard to obtain precise results. Agreement among laboratories was good considering the level quantitated (ppt) and the diverse methodology.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

IUPAC gas chromatographic method for determination of fatty acid composition: collaborative study.

An international collaborative study of IUPAC methods II.D.19 and II.D.25 for preparation and GLC analysis of fatty acid methyl esters was begun in 1976. The IUPAC methodology, applicable to animal and vegetable oils and fats and fatty acids from all sources, contains special instructions for preparation and analysis of methyl esters of fatty acids containing 4 or more carbon atoms (analysis of milk fat). Twenty-three collaborators participated in the analysis of 5 known mixtures, 4 vegetable oils, 1 fish oil, and 2 butterfats. Several blind duplicate samples were included. The experimental data were subjected to statistical analysis to examine intra- and interlaboratory variation. Reproducibility and accuracy data for the higher fatty acid (14:0-22:1) mixtures and fish and vegetable oils were satisfactory and were in good agreement with results from an AOCS Smalley Committee check sample program involving analysis of the same samples. Typical coefficients of variation (%) at various concentrations were 15 (2% level), 8.5 (5% level), 7 (10% level), and 3 (50% level). Low recoveries and poor reproducibility were characteristics of results obtained for butyric acid in the butterfat and related known mixtures. A coefficient of variation of about 19% was found for analysis of butyric acid in butterfat, vs coefficients of variation in the range of 4-13% for similar levels of other components in butterfat and other samples. The IUPAC methodology for GLC analysis of fats and oils other than milk fats has been adopted by the AOAC as official first action to replace the current GLC method, 28.063-28.067.

Animals↗