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D Fröhlich

Publications and source records attributed to D Fröhlich.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The role of the kininogens as cysteine proteinase inhibitors in local and systemic inflammation.

The contribution of the kininogens and cystatin C to the functional inhibitory capacity for cysteine proteinases of blood plasma and inflammatory secretions was estimated from ex vivo experiments. 98.5% of the inhibitory capacity of blood plasma for cathepsin L (4-5 microM) is provided by the kininogens ensuring a complete control of this enzyme even at a lowered kininogen concentration. Control of cathepsin B activity by the kininogens is incomplete and depends critically on the active concentration of cystatin C (70 nM in normal plasma), which is reduced in blood plasma of polytraumatized and septic patients and very low in epithelial lining fluid of the shock lung.

Cathepsin B↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of taurolin on endogenous immunity and pathogen elimination in human peritonitis].

The influence of taurolin on phagocytosis-related defense functions and on the elimination of bacteria has been investigated in a controlled study. Particle opsonisation, a prerequisite for sufficient phagocytosis, was undisturbed in presence of up to 0.1% taurolin. Intraabdominal taurolin application did not diminish the leukocyte influx into the abdominal cavity. Opsonic capacity of peritoneal exudate was low in the taurolin group. These exudates contained more severe bacterial contamination, suggesting that this deficit was due to enhanced specific consumption of opsonins. Taurolin treatment resulted in a marked reduction of bacterial growth. Thus the substance provides antiseptic capacities without afflicting the physiological defense systems.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Treatment of peritonitis with staged lavage: prognostic criteria and course of treatment].

In order to define rational criteria for "planned relaparotomies" (PR) in the treatment of critical intra-abdominal infections we have analysed characteristics and the clinical course of 377 patients with diffuse peritonitis 152 of whom were treated by PR. More detailed prognostic aspects and data of the clinical course were prospectively investigated in 111 cases. Patient's age and an underlying malignoma revealed to be of prognostic significance in both univariate and multivariate analysis. The number of organs involved in septic organ failure during the treatment was a further indicator of risk. 40% of our patients, however, survived even an impairment of 5 organ-systems. The successful eradication of the source of peritonitis either with the 1st operation or only with consecutive operations resulted in a crucial difference of the mortality rate with 14% and 64% respectively. The failure to accomplish a definite operative resolution was accompanied by a mortality rate of 90%. The systematical application of PR facilitated control and completion of the eradication of the source of peritonitis. In one third of the patients treated by PR this technique led to early detection of relevant complications and adequate operative treatment. Patients in whom primarily a definitive eradication of the source of peritonitis had been accomplished did not benefit from PR. In patients with persisting or relapsing peritonitis, however, PR was accompanied by a 27% reduction of mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

On-line coupled liquid chromatography-gas chromatography (LC-GC) and LC-LC-GC for detecting irradiation of fat-containing foods.

On-line coupled liquid chromatography-gas chromatography-flame ionisation detection (LC-GC-FID) enables efficient and unambiguous determination of irradiation for some fat-containing foods (e.g. meat). Other products, however, contain interfering components or are contaminated, e.g., with mineral oil. Since more selective detection by mass spectrometry has limited success, the determination was improved by a more selective isolation of some key components among the fat degradation products, e.g. the dienes or trienes, by LC-LC-GC-FID. Applications are shown for soup mixes, some spices, fish, and shrimps.

Alkanes↗
PubMed1991

Proteolysis of defensive proteins in peritonitis exudate: pathobiochemical aspects and therapeutical approach.

Peritonitis exudate reveals strong proteolytic activity which is paralleled by deficient opsonic capacity and high concentrations of lysosomal proteinases (elastase and cathepsin B). Lysosomal serine and cysteine proteinases (elastase, cathepsins B, L) were shown to degrade immunoglobulin G(IgG) and seem to be at least partially responsible for the observed proteolytic inactivation of IgG in peritonitis exudates. Intraabdominal serum application seems to restore opsonic activity by substitution of opsonins and proteinase inhibitors.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1990

[The reaction of the heart to radiation. II. Clinical studies].

In a review the cardiac attendant reactions in tumor irradiation in thoracal area are represented by means of papers and experiences of our own. It is shown that the heart reacts differently on ionizing rays and in special cases it can become a critical organ for radiotherapy. The diagnostic practice and the phenomenon of pericardiac and myocardiac reactions are described in detail. Complications on coronary vessel system are not frequent but because of their clinical consequence always they have to take into consideration. Cardiac radioreactions can be transient or harmless but rarely can lead to vitally threatening situations. Therefore it is referred to symptoms, diagnostic proving and possible or necessary therapeutic measures. Because significant curative therapeutic results can be attained by radiotherapy in thoracal area and the chances for curing increase for many patients, a slight risk is justifiable for side-effects on healthy adjoining tissue. On the other hand undesirable side reactions can influence the life-quality of the tumor cured patients. Therefore a radiotherapy in intrathoracal tumors with the aim of healing without complications has to take into consideration the sensibility of heart in addition to those of lung and spinal marrow. Beside permanent development of physical-technical suppositions these biological aspects have a substantial influence on optimizing irradiation in thoracal area. Finally it is tried to formulate really existing possibilities reducing a risk for cardiac side-effects and to refer to prospective interesting problems.

Heart↗
PubMed1990

[The reaction of the heart to radiation. I. State of the knowledge based on animal experimental studies].

The aim of curative tumor therapy is healing without complications. Therefore the avoidance of undesirable side-effects in healthy tissue becomes more important to such a degree as the lifespan can be prolonged by therapy: In this review the experiences to cardiac reactions by ionizing radiations are represented from experiments on animals. The former conception of a marked radioresistance of the heart has to be revised to the hitherto presented investigations. Acute inflammatory reactions and late, often progressive alterations can develop in the heart like in other normal tissue. These late-effects especially are reflected at pericardium, myocardium and vessel system (microvessel system and coronaries) and not rarely cause functional injuries of the tissue. Actual investigations give special attention to pathogenesis of acute radioreaction. It is supposed that their explanation gives a better understanding for the process of independence and progress and with that a possibility for prophylactic or therapeutic measures.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Insufficiency of intra-abdominal immunity to infection in purulent peritonitis--sequela of disordered foreign body opsonization].

Despite a high concentration of serum proteins and intact phagocytes peritonitis exudates contain a large number of viable, pathogenic bacteria. The reason for this biological paradox is unknown. Our investigations reveal a pronounced defect in humoral opsonization of foreign particles in peritonitis exudate. We evaluated a modified chemiluminescence system allowing the determination of opsonic activity in serum and exudate. In serum we found a close correlation between opsonic activity and immunologically measurable levels of C3-complement and IgG. In purulent peritonitis exudates, however, the actual opsonizing activity was much less than expected according to the opsonin concentrations. We found a pronounced difference between immunologically determined opsonin levels and impaired opsonic function. Employing crossed immunoelectrophoresis massive C3-splitting into smaller fragments could be demonstrated in peritonitis exudates. In these exudates we found very high concentrations of granulocyte proteolytic (elastase) and oxidative (myeloperoxidase) enzymes which may lead to a functional destruction of opsonins followed by impaired opsonization in peritonitis exudate. The great number of bacteria and foreign particles in addition can cause a pronounced physiological consumption of complement components. The almost complete breakdown of intact C3-complement in intraabdominal exudate explains the deficient host defence in patients with severe peritonitis.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1989

[Radiation pneumonitis in the x-ray picture following megavoltage irradiation using the Neptune 10 p. linear accelerator].

For 105 patients with healthy lungs (76 breast carcinomas, 29 testicular tumors) irradiated from 1981 to 1983 with the linear accelerator Neptune 10p. the pulmonary effects of irradiation were monitored over several years. The true dose applied for breast carcinomas was 46 Gy (2 Gy per fraction), for testicular tumors 40 Gy were applied in the mediastinal field. 9% of the patients showed excessive infiltrations, 18% radiation pneumonitis of medium degree. In 35% of the patients slight infiltrations were found. The course of the pneumonitis was, according to its stage, regular. After a latency period 30 days post irradiation the early stadium occurs. Florid pneumonitis develops between the 45th and 90th day after irradiation. Extended radiographic effects occur up to 10 days earlier. Through a period of pneumonitis with pronounced shrinkage fibrosis develops. By CT-based individual radiation planning the pulmonary radiation reaction can be significantly reduced. The differential diagnostics of radiation effects and metastases is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The value of lung perfusion scintigraphy in radiation pneumonitis in comparison with the diffusing capacity DLCO].

The value of lung perfusion scintigraphy (Tc99m) and lung diffusing capacity are compared with references to early detection of radiogenic pneumonitis. Perfusion scintigraphy completed by diffusing capacity is excellent suitable for early detection. Risk cases are recognized up to 40 days earlier than by X-ray. Severity of radiogenic pneumonitis can be diminished remarkable by prevention therapy.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

[Evaluation of unilateral renal function in urinary obstruction. A comparison of various radioisotope methods (author's transl)].

The catheter-free determination of the unilateral 131I-hippuran clearance correlates well with the unilateral clearance determination with 99mTc-DMSA in patients without obstruction. In patients with unilateral chronic obstruction the clearance of 131I-hippuran on the average is 13% higher than the clearance determined by the DMSA method. After successful correction of the obstruction the two values are identical. 123I-hippuran is foundin the renal pelvis already after 90 seconds in some cases of marked chronic obstruction. The functioning part of the involved kidney is therefore possibly overestimated whereas the DMSA uptake reflects the actual function. Both radioisotope methods should be applied preoperatively in order to evaluate the individual renal function. Functional scintigraphy in patients with obstruction should preferably be carried out with 123I-hippuran.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

[Cardioversion].

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Aftercare↗
PubMed1976

[Influence of roentgen rays on electrolyte changes and metabolism of the myocardium. VII. Radiation-induced inhibition of the sodium- and potassium--activated microscomal-trasport ATPase].

The behavior of a Mg2+-dependent microsomal ATPase, which may be activated by Na+ and K+, was investigated in the myocardium of Guinea pigs after local irradiation. The part which can be activated by Na+ and K+ (transport-ATPase) is already slightly inhibited thirty minutes after a dose of 250 R; the inhibition rate with 1500 R amounts to about 60%, the maximal inhibition effect with a dose of 3000 R was about 70%. Four hours after a local irradiation with 1500 R, a restitution of the inhibition effect occurs with overshoot reaction; 15 and 24 hours following irradiation, a significant inhibition of the transport-ATPase activity can again be verified. The k-strophanthidine and digitoxin are inhibiting within the concentration ranges analyzed (2 X 10(-5), 2.5 X 10(-7), 5 X 10(-7) M) the activity of the transport-ATPase. The above-mentioned radiation-induced inhibition effect upon the ATPase activated by Na+ and K+ is additively increased by adding k-strophanthidine (2 X 10(-5) M) and digitoxin (2.5 X 10(-7) M).

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗