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Biomedical subjects

D Fröhlich

Publications and source records attributed to D Fröhlich.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The reaction of the heart to radiation. II. Clinical studies].

In a review the cardiac attendant reactions in tumor irradiation in thoracal area are represented by means of papers and experiences of our own. It is shown that the heart reacts differently on ionizing rays and in special cases it can become a critical organ for radiotherapy. The diagnostic practice and the phenomenon of pericardiac and myocardiac reactions are described in detail. Complications on coronary vessel system are not frequent but because of their clinical consequence always they have to take into consideration. Cardiac radioreactions can be transient or harmless but rarely can lead to vitally threatening situations. Therefore it is referred to symptoms, diagnostic proving and possible or necessary therapeutic measures. Because significant curative therapeutic results can be attained by radiotherapy in thoracal area and the chances for curing increase for many patients, a slight risk is justifiable for side-effects on healthy adjoining tissue. On the other hand undesirable side reactions can influence the life-quality of the tumor cured patients. Therefore a radiotherapy in intrathoracal tumors with the aim of healing without complications has to take into consideration the sensibility of heart in addition to those of lung and spinal marrow. Beside permanent development of physical-technical suppositions these biological aspects have a substantial influence on optimizing irradiation in thoracal area. Finally it is tried to formulate really existing possibilities reducing a risk for cardiac side-effects and to refer to prospective interesting problems.

Heart↗
PubMed1990

[The reaction of the heart to radiation. I. State of the knowledge based on animal experimental studies].

The aim of curative tumor therapy is healing without complications. Therefore the avoidance of undesirable side-effects in healthy tissue becomes more important to such a degree as the lifespan can be prolonged by therapy: In this review the experiences to cardiac reactions by ionizing radiations are represented from experiments on animals. The former conception of a marked radioresistance of the heart has to be revised to the hitherto presented investigations. Acute inflammatory reactions and late, often progressive alterations can develop in the heart like in other normal tissue. These late-effects especially are reflected at pericardium, myocardium and vessel system (microvessel system and coronaries) and not rarely cause functional injuries of the tissue. Actual investigations give special attention to pathogenesis of acute radioreaction. It is supposed that their explanation gives a better understanding for the process of independence and progress and with that a possibility for prophylactic or therapeutic measures.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Insufficiency of intra-abdominal immunity to infection in purulent peritonitis--sequela of disordered foreign body opsonization].

Despite a high concentration of serum proteins and intact phagocytes peritonitis exudates contain a large number of viable, pathogenic bacteria. The reason for this biological paradox is unknown. Our investigations reveal a pronounced defect in humoral opsonization of foreign particles in peritonitis exudate. We evaluated a modified chemiluminescence system allowing the determination of opsonic activity in serum and exudate. In serum we found a close correlation between opsonic activity and immunologically measurable levels of C3-complement and IgG. In purulent peritonitis exudates, however, the actual opsonizing activity was much less than expected according to the opsonin concentrations. We found a pronounced difference between immunologically determined opsonin levels and impaired opsonic function. Employing crossed immunoelectrophoresis massive C3-splitting into smaller fragments could be demonstrated in peritonitis exudates. In these exudates we found very high concentrations of granulocyte proteolytic (elastase) and oxidative (myeloperoxidase) enzymes which may lead to a functional destruction of opsonins followed by impaired opsonization in peritonitis exudate. The great number of bacteria and foreign particles in addition can cause a pronounced physiological consumption of complement components. The almost complete breakdown of intact C3-complement in intraabdominal exudate explains the deficient host defence in patients with severe peritonitis.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1989

[Radiation pneumonitis in the x-ray picture following megavoltage irradiation using the Neptune 10 p. linear accelerator].

For 105 patients with healthy lungs (76 breast carcinomas, 29 testicular tumors) irradiated from 1981 to 1983 with the linear accelerator Neptune 10p. the pulmonary effects of irradiation were monitored over several years. The true dose applied for breast carcinomas was 46 Gy (2 Gy per fraction), for testicular tumors 40 Gy were applied in the mediastinal field. 9% of the patients showed excessive infiltrations, 18% radiation pneumonitis of medium degree. In 35% of the patients slight infiltrations were found. The course of the pneumonitis was, according to its stage, regular. After a latency period 30 days post irradiation the early stadium occurs. Florid pneumonitis develops between the 45th and 90th day after irradiation. Extended radiographic effects occur up to 10 days earlier. Through a period of pneumonitis with pronounced shrinkage fibrosis develops. By CT-based individual radiation planning the pulmonary radiation reaction can be significantly reduced. The differential diagnostics of radiation effects and metastases is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The value of lung perfusion scintigraphy in radiation pneumonitis in comparison with the diffusing capacity DLCO].

The value of lung perfusion scintigraphy (Tc99m) and lung diffusing capacity are compared with references to early detection of radiogenic pneumonitis. Perfusion scintigraphy completed by diffusing capacity is excellent suitable for early detection. Risk cases are recognized up to 40 days earlier than by X-ray. Severity of radiogenic pneumonitis can be diminished remarkable by prevention therapy.

Breast Neoplasms↗