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Biomedical subjects

D Frankel

Publications and source records attributed to D Frankel.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Wheelchair transfer training for right cerebral dysfunctions: an interdisciplinary approach.

A 44-year-old patient with cerebrovascular accident and resulting total occlusion of the right internal carotid artery and severe cognitive impairments was seen as an inpatient. Impulsivity, general inattention, left side neglect, decreased concentration and visual-spatial-perceptual difficulties were clinically evident. A conventional approach to training this patient in wheelchair transfer skills met with little success. An individualized training program based on the patient's specific cognitive strengths and deficits was developed. The major elements of the program were (a) careful observation of task performance, (b) task analysis of the skill to be taught, (c) utilization of the patient's learning strengths to guide performance, (d) small step hierarchical programming to meet the desired goal, (e) intense repetition of the skill and (f) data collection procedures to monitor change and program adjustments. Six weeks after the program was implemented the patient was able to complete safe transfers, and was discharged home. At follow-up, two weeks after discharge, inconsistency in transfers was noted; the written program was immediately reestablished, and the patient continued safe wheelchair transfers at every subsequent check. This study suggests that treatment outcome in patients with right hemisphere damage may not be as bleak as has been previously suggested. A treatment strategy that includes an optimal utilization of a patient's verbal skills to cue and monitor performance and judgment, along with systematic data collection to guide program modifications, can lead to a more successful rehabilitation outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effect of p-chlorophenylalnine on the loss and maintenance of tolerance to ethanol.

Rats were rendered tolerant to the motor-impairing effects of ethanol by daily oral administration. Subsequently, ethanol was withdrawn and the effect of p-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA) on tolerance loss was examined. In two separate studies it was demonstrated that p-CPA, in a dosage regimen that produces extensive depletion of brain serotonin (5-HT), accelerated tolerance loss. These experiments suggest that at least part of p-CPA's inhibitory effect on net tolerance development to ethanol can be accounted for by its accelerating effect on tolerance loss; however, an inhibitory effect on tolerance acquisition cannot be excluded. On the other hand, once tolerance was established, p-CPA did not affect the maintenance of tolerance to ethanol.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of p-chlorophenylalanine on development of cross-tolerance between pentobarbital and ethanol.

Rats developed cross-tolerance to the motor-impairing effects of ethanol after daily oral administration of pentobarbital. Chronic administration of p-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA), in a dosage regimen previously demonstrated to maintain extensive brain serotonin (5-HT) depletion, slowed down cross-tolerance development. p-CPA did not appear to exert this effect by altering the disposition of ethanol, since blood ethanol levels measured 20 min after ethanol administration were not affected by p-CPA treatment. This study extends our previous findings with respect to the inhibitory effects of p-CPA on tolerance development to ethanol and pentobarbital, and suggests that 5-HT may play a role in cross-tolerance development between ethanol and pentobarbital.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Interaction of propranolol and phentolamine with ethanol in the rat.

The possible role of the adrenergic nervous system in the intoxicant effects of ethanol was examined in studies of the interaction or propranolol and phentolamine with ethanol. Propranolol teneded to increase the effect of lower doses of ethanol in a dose-dependent manner. However, the effect of higher doses of ethanol (over 2.0 g/kg) tended to be diminished by low doses of propranolol, whereas higher doses of propranolol were ineffective or actually increased the ethanol effect. Phentolamine tended to decrease the effect of the lower ethanol doses. These findings are inconsistent with any simple adrenergic mechanism in the mediation of the intoxicant effect of ethanol.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of p-chlorophenylalanine on the acquisition of tolerance to ethanol and pentobarbital.

Rats were rendered tolerant to ethanol or pentobarbital by daily oral administration. Motor impairments after test doses of ethanol or pentobarbital were measured prior to and at various times during chronic treatment in order to assess the degree of tolerance development. Chronic administration of p-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA) in a dosage regimen which produced and maintained approximately 95% depletion of brain serotonin (5-HT) did not alter motor impairment after initial acute administration of ethanol or pentobarbital. However, the rate of tolerance development to the motor-impairing effects of both drugs was slowed down in p-CPA-treated rats, p-CPA did not appear to exert this effect by altering the disposition of ethanol or pentobarbital, since blood levels determined 20 min after administration of the test doses were similar in animals treated with p-CPA and in controls. These findings suggest that brain 5-HT may have a role in tolerance development to ethanol and pentobarbital.

Animals↗