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Biomedical subjects

D Fries

Publications and source records attributed to D Fries.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Expression of OKT 8 antigen and Fc gamma receptors by suppressor cells mediating specific unresponsiveness between recipient and donor in renal-allograft-tolerant patients.

Renal allograft tolerant patients show specific unresponsiveness in mixed-lymphocyte culture assays when confronted with donor stimulating cells. Separation of posttransplant peripheral blood lymphocytes into Fc gamma + and Fc gamma - by rosetting and into OKT8+, OKT8- by cytofluorometry enabled the demonstration of normal responses by Fc gamma - and OKT8- cells, whereas the proliferation of OKT8+ and Fc gamma + cells was depressed specifically in the presence of donor cells. Using mixing experiments, we showed that OKT8+ and Fc gamma + posttransplant lymphocytes exert a suppressive effect specific to the donor-recipient pair on the proliferative response of the pretransplant lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Extradigestive forms of nontyphoid salmonellosis in renal transplant patients: 5 cases].

Five focal non typhoid salmonellosis (NTS) are reported in a group of 342 kidney transplant recipients. There is no relationship between the unusual presentation of NTS (septicemia, pneumonia, orchitis, prostatis, urinary tract infections) and the serotypes (S. typhi-murium, S. panama). With the therapeutic immunodepression, many host factors are important to induce the unusual presentation of NTS: major surgery, urologic abnormalities, preexisting uraemic state. The major importance of decreased host resistance is emphasized by the absence of relationship between death and bacterial resistance. The use of lysotypes exclude the role of an intrahospital contamination.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Removal of the kidney following in situ perfusion].

Kidneys of potential donors undergoing sudden cardiac arrest are generally not gathered because the warm ischemia time is too long until nephrectomy. A rapid in situ cold perfusion technique was developed to preserve kidneys in 21 brain-dead patients after cardiac arrest not responding to cardiac resuscitation. In 7 of the 21 potential donors, the in situ perfusion was unsuccessful. In 14 other subjects this technique permitted to save 15 transplantable kidneys; 1 month after grafting, the renal function was similar to that observed in kidneys gathered in living patients. The in situ perfusion technique allows to increase by nearly 10% the efficacy of kidney gathering.

Brain Death↗
PubMed1983

Biological effects and irradiation dose induced in human lymphocytes in vitro by an intracellular radionuclide:99mTc.

Since lymphocyte radiolabeling is widely used for in vitro and in vivo studies and may interfere with the properties of the cells, the purpose of this work was to investigate the effects of 99mTc labeling on lymphocyte morphology and functions. Two ranges of 99mTc activity were used, 37 and 370 MBq, and their effects were compared to those produced by a graduated external irradiation. Electron microscopy was performed and T cells were studied using biological markers (E-Rosette formation, cell proliferation under lectin reactivity, and specific cell-mediated cytolysis). After 370-MBq labeling, an intense cytotoxic effect was observed on cell morphology, drastically impeding T-lymphocyte functions. Thirty-seven-megabecquerel labeling and sham procedure did not significantly affect cell functions. The external irradiation dose-response curve indicated a clear radiation-induced inhibitory effect, especially over 10 Gy. This effect was less intense than that obtained with 370-MBq 99mTc labeling. The labeling cytotoxic effect can then be attributed to a radiolesion due to a radiation dose which is probably higher than 10 Gy. In fact, the dose received by lymphocytes during the 370-MBq labeling procedure was estimated as 70 Gy by calculations, taking into account all emissions of 99mTc.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Depressed polymorphonuclear leukocyte functions associated with normal cytotoxic functions of T and natural killer cells during chronic hemodialysis.

The cytotoxic capacities of T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells and the phagocytic functions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes were determined in a group of 20 patients with end stage disease who were being maintained on hemodialysis. The mononuclear cells from these patients were able to mediate normal T-cytotoxic functions in a xenogeneic cell-mediated lympholysis assay and normal NK cytotoxic capacity when tested against K562 target cells. Contrarily, polymorphonuclear functions in these patients were severely impaired. The reduction of Nitroblue tetrazolium in dark formazan (NBT test) and the direct phagocytosis of 2 pyogenic strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium) were equally and deeply depressed in almost all patients. This defect was not restored either by 4 hr of hemodialysis nor by 12 months of treatment. This study confirms a major role for a defect of polymorphonuclear cell functions in the depressed defence of patients on chronic hemodialysis against infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Topographic diagnosis of urinary infections by the technic of antibody fixation on urinary bacteria].

The antibody-coated bacteria (ACB) test has been proposed as a means of localizing urinary tract infections. The authors' own results and a review of the literature showed 85% ACB-positive tests in tissue infections and 93% ACB-negative tests in lower urinary tract infections. The discrepancies observed from one series to the other are due to a number of factors such as lack of standardized technique, differences in results between monospecific and polyspecific antisera, variability of some bacterial properties and categories of patients investigated. When standard techniques are used and patient populations are homogeneous, these discrepancies are reduced and the ACB test appears as the best of available method to evaluate the renal risk in urinary tract infections.

Antibody-Coated Bacteria Test, Urinary↗
PubMed1982

[Spontaneous renal allograft rupture. Diagnosis and treatment. Report on five cases (author's transl)].

The authors describe five cases of renal allograft rupture as a result of acute rejection. In one case of perineal hematoma, no operation was performed. The evolution of the hematoma led to a periureteral sclerosis, which was successfully operated. The authors advocate deferring the surgical management of allograft ruptures. Once the diagnosis has been established with the aid of physical examination, electrography and computerized scanography, the extra time can be devoted to following the evolution of the rejection. If the rejection is irreversible, a nephrectomy has to be performed, but if it is reversible, they favour conservative treatment followed by operative intervention around the tenth day.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Specific recipient-donor unresponsiveness mediated by a suppressor cell system in human kidney allograft tolerance.

The immunological responsiveness of a panel of 26 consecutive cadaver kidney allograft patients with good graft tolerance was studied against cells from the specific donor. Among these 26 patients, 11 underwent acute cellular rejection and were studied during the rejection episode. An additional eight transplant patients, who lost their graft as a result of cellular rejection, were nephrectomized and studied 6 months after their return to hemodialysis as the control group of patients "at equivalent risk." A low responsiveness against the specific donor was observed in cases of good graft tolerance, but was absent during rejection and in the control group. By using mixing experiments, cells from tolerant patients were able to actively and selectively suppress the response of their autologous pretransplant cells stimulated by the specific donor cells. These suppressor cells were effective only when added during the first 48 hr of the culture and could respond at a suppressor to responder cell ratio from 1:1 to 1:4. Finally, our observations indicate that allogeneic unresponsiveness between donor-recipient pairs may be associated with the presence of suppressor cells affecting the generation of helper T cells only in the specific situation, i.e., donor-recipient, and only in cases of good graft tolerance.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A co-operative study on the clinical value of dynamic renal scanning with deconvolution analysis.

An international project was set up to study the clinical usefulness of intrarenal transit times derived from the renogram by deconvolution. A common data sheet, to collect clinical, biochemical, radiological and isotopic information, was completed by the centres. Five hundred and ninety-one patients were studied and the results analysed. The mean transit time (MTT) in normal kidneys was found to be 3.6 +/- 1.1 min. If the MTT is greater than 7.6 min, a kidney is likely to be obstructed. In vesico-ureteric reflux, the transit times are prolonged, but they are normal in infection, hypertension, parenchymal disease and minimally irradiated kidneys. In transplantation, when the kidney is normal, the transit times are shorter than in the natural kidney; in acute rejection, transit time are prolonged.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Antibody-coated bacteriuria and localization of urinary tract infection].

Antibody-coated bacteriuria (ACB) test was proposed as a tool for localisation of urinary tract infection (UTI). Our own results and a review of the literature give the following percentage: 85% ACB + in parenchymatous infection, 93% ACB--in lower UTI. The discrepancies observed from one group to the other show the importance of several parameters: the lack of standardization of the technic, the value of monospecific vs polyspecific antisera, the variability of some bacterial properties, the type of investigated patients. When these different parameters are well defined, the ACB test appears to be the most valuable technic to evaluate the renal risk of UTI.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of an immunomodulator (P40) on Escherichia coli urinary infection in the rat].

The preventive effects of various doses of the immunomodulator P40 on the experimental E. coli infection of the upper and lower urinary tract have been investigated in the rat. Under our experimental conditions, P40 only weakly influenced the bacteriological picture of the infection in rats infected by the upper route. However, the development of nephropathia might be decreased. By contrast, P40 was found to prevent the development of infection in two thirds of cases infected by the lower route. The preventive effect of P40 on infections of the lower urinary tract seems to be mostly medicated by the stimulation of phagocytosis, although both humoral and cellular immunity are likely to be involved. In contrast, the defense is most probably to be ascribed to cellular immunity in infections of the upper urinary tract. For the future, conditions will have to be specified which enable P40 to express predominantly its stimulating effect on cellular immunity. Furthermore, the choice of the minimum active dose together with its fractionated administration will prevent side-effects (prostatitis) while resulting in equally pronounced protective action. Since P40 has already successfully been used in man for the treatment of both infectious and tumoral processes, it could as well be used for the prevention of relapses in recurrent urinary infections.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1982

Cimetidine does not stimulate human T lymphocyte functions in vitro.

Cimetidine, an H2-receptor antagonist had no immunoproliferative or immunostimulative effect on in vitro T cell functions of normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes. This was shown by adding Cimetidine to mitogen, alloantigen and xenoantigen-stimulated cultures. Generation of helper and cytotoxic T cells was not modified in a full kinetic experiment. These data failed to confirm previous reports showing an increase of cell-mediated immunity under Cimetidine therapy.

Cells, Cultured↗