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Biomedical subjects

D G Disler

Publications and source records attributed to D G Disler.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Abnormalities of the foot and ankle: MR imaging findings.

Although plain film radiography remains the appropriate imaging technique used in the initial evaluation of ankle and foot disorders, MR imaging has rapidly become important because it provides high soft-tissue contrast and multiplanar capability, and because it can detect subtle marrow abnormalities. MR imaging is most useful for evaluating pathologic processes that involve soft-tissue structures and for evaluating patients whose clinical findings remain unexplained despite normal findings with other imaging techniques. This pictorial essay illustrates various applications for MR imaging of the foot and ankle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Detection of knee hyaline cartilage defects using fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo MR imaging: comparison with standard MR imaging and correlation with arthroscopy.

OBJECTIVE: A preliminary study was done to prospectively compare fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo (3D SPGR) MR imaging with standard MR imaging for detection of defects in the hyaline cartilage of the knee, using arthroscopy as the reference standard. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We studied 43 consecutive patients referred by two orthopedic surgeons for MR imaging of the knee. Twelve had arthroscopic correlation; they formed the basis of our study. Hyaline cartilage was imaged with a fat-suppressed 3D SPGR sequence with previously determined optimal imaging parameters. Our standard MR imaging study consisted of two-dimensional coronal T1-weighted spin-echo, sagittal dual-echo T2-weighted spin-echo, and axial multiplanar gradient-echo sequences. With arthroscopy as the reference standard, sensitivity and specificity of fat-suppressed 3D SPGR and standard MR images for detecting cartilage tears were determined by articular surface (eight surfaces in each patient: medial and lateral patellar facets, trochlear facets, femoral condyles, and tibial plateaus). Statistically significant differences in sensitivity and specificity were determined. RESULTS: Arthroscopy showed 15 cartilage defects in seven patients. The fat-suppressed 3D SPGR images had higher sensitivity (93%) than the standard MR images (53%, p = .03). Specificity was 94% for the fat-suppressed 3D SPGR images compared with 93% for the standard MR images (p > .05). The five false-positive articular surfaces on fat-suppressed 3D SPGR images were from focal signal change within the substance of the cartilage without a contour defect. Smoothly contoured thinning and loss of the trilaminar appearance of the hyaline cartilage at the lateral femoral notch was shown in all subjects and was considered a normal finding. CONCLUSION: Fat-suppressed 3D SPGR imaging is more sensitive than standard MR imaging for the detection of abnormalities of the hyaline cartilage in the knee. Routine use of this technique may strengthen the role of MR imaging for noninvasive evaluation of internal derangements of the knee.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Accuracy of volume measurements of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging phantoms by three-dimensional reconstruction and preliminary clinical application.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Using an independent three-dimensional workstation, the accuracy of volume measurements of phantoms was assessed using three-dimensional reconstruction of two-dimensional computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images. METHODS: Round, cylindrical, and irregularly shaped high-contrast phantoms of known volume were imaged in a water bath. The effect of object contrast on volume estimation was tested using phantoms of known volume diluted serially with a contrast agent. The effect of changing field of view and slice thickness was assessed. A clinical application was performed, in which nine shoulders were injected with a known quantity of contrast material, to test the accuracy of the technique in vivo. RESULTS: A strong paired correlation (r = .99) between estimated and true volumes was obtained for high-contrast phantoms ranging from 17 to 128 mL. The weighted average absolute error was 1.42 mL (MR) and 3.50 mL (CT). Accuracy of the serially diluted 27-mL phantoms was essentially unaffected by contrast differences greater than 133 units (MR) and 102 units (CT). The weighted average absolute error was 1.33 mL (MR) and 1.56 mL (CT). Changing field of view had no effect on accuracy, but increasing the slice thickness resulted in over-estimation of volume. The mean error for the clinical application was 4.4% (range: 1.7%-8.3%). CONCLUSION: Under certain circumstances, three-dimensional reconstructive volume estimation can be a convenient and accurate method for volume determination.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm and herniation of the liver.

Injuries that result in a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure may cause a diaphragmatic tear and visceral herniation. Right-sided tears are significantly less likely than left-sided tears because of the protective effect of the liver. When diaphragmatic elevation persists in a post-trauma patient, or if unexplained acidosis or hypoxemia develops, herniation of abdominal contents should be suspected. This is particularly true when other signs of severe trauma are present, such as multiple rib fractures, laceration of the liver or spleen, or a history of deceleration injury.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1991

Chondrosarcoma.

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Aged↗