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Biomedical subjects

D G Jose

Publications and source records attributed to D G Jose.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Cytokinetic studies in children with untreated acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL): relationship to "T" cell markers.

"The labelling index (LI), mitotic index (MI) of marrow lymphoblasts and the percent of peripheral blood lymphocytes and lymphoblasts that form rosettes with sheep red cells at 4 degrees C ("T4"), were measured at presentation in 33 children with ALL. There was a significant correlation between LI and MI, but no significant correlations between them and the total white cell count at diagnosis or the "T4" percent. Three patients had greater than 55% "T4" rosettes and showed increased LI and MI, and 2 have relapsed; 12 had less than 20% "T4" rosettes, showed an increased LI (LI greater than 8% in 8 of 12) but not MI, and 5 have relapsed; 18 had 20--55% "T4" rosettes and generally had the lowest LI (LI less than 8% in 11 of 18), and only 3 have relapsed. Our findings suggest that patients with high and low percentage of "T4" rosettes in the peripheral blood have an increased fraction of leukaemic cells in DNA synthesis and have a diminished chance of prolonged remission.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Intermittent chemotherapy and BCG in continuation therapy of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Continuation therapy using intermittent chemotherapy and BCG inoculation was commenced in 28 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) immediately after remission induction and "CNS prophylaxis." At a median followup time of 17 months, 71% remain in total remission and 86% in bone marrow remission. Complications of the therapy were minimal. Major infections occurred on two occasions and there were no deaths in remission. Neutropenia, "minor" infections and postponement of chemotherapy occurred most often during the first three courses of treatment. There were no local or systemic BCG infections. Tuberculin sensitivity was tested in 25 patients. It was positive in 17 of 18 patients in total remission and all four patients with only CNS relapse, and was negative prior to relapse in three patients who developed bone marrow disease.

BCG Vaccine↗
PubMed1976

Therapy with parent's lymphocyte transfer factor in children with infection and malnutrition.

Transfer factor (T.F.) prepared from 5 x 10(8) lymphoid cells from 500 ml of a parent's blood was given to 40 Australian aboriginal children aged 2-46 months who had been in hospital with acute infection. Many had protein-calorie malnutrition. These and a control group of 35 similar children were assessed blind for at least 12 months. In T.F.-treated children there were significantly fewer episodes of diarrhoeal disease for periods in excess of 26 weeks. Recurrent moderate diarrhoeal disease was particularly reduced, and the onset of severe gastroenteritis may have been delayed. There was no protection against chest, middle-ear, or skin infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Growth and immune function in Aboriginal children during recovery from malnutrition and infection.

The clinical, nutritional progress and immunological changes of 30 Aboriginal children admitted to the Alice Springs Hospital with malnutrition and infection, and 11 adequately nourished children admitted with acute infection were studied. The initial toxic phase of infection lasted from six to 21 days during which the mean weight velocity of malnourished children averaged 8-8 g/kg/day. The subsequent period of nutritional rehabilitation was accompanied by a slower weight velocity of 3-7 g/kg/day up to a body weight at discharge of approximately 80% standard weight for age. The principal clinical form of malnutrition was moderate protein calorie malnutrition of marasmic type. All children showed laboratory evidence of persistent immunological stimulation with leukocytosis, elevated numbers of T and B lymphoid cells, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rates and hyperimmunoglobulinaemia. These findings were not significantly changed by short-term antibiotic therapy and nutritional rehabilitation and may indicate an underlying defect resulting in the high rate of reinfection and readmission of these children.

Australia↗
PubMed1976

Immune function at diagnosis in relation to responses to therapy in acute lymphocytic leukemia of childhood.

Tests of immune capacity were performed on blood from 49 children with newly diagnosed, untreated acute lymphocytic leukemia, and relation to prognosis was determined. Patients were treated with multiple-drug therapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation. Median follow-up time was 16 mo (range 10--37 mo). Principal unfavorable findings at diagnosis were absolute numbers of T lymphoid cells outside the range 850--2500/mul blood, absence of whole blood responses to phytohemagglutinin in vitro, a low titer of complexed antibody, and the presence in serum of free leukemic blast cell membrane antigen. Fourteen patients showed two or more unfavorable findings at diagnosis. Eleven of these have died. Four of the remaining 35 patients have died. A shorter duration of first remission was found among patients with abnormal numbers of T cells at diagnosis. The findings suggest that the immunologic capacity of the patient at diagnosis is an important determinant in responses to therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Deficiency of immunological and phagocytic function in aboriginal children with protein-calorie malnutrition.

Infection, associated with protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM), is a widespread and important health problem in young Aboriginal children. Clinical obervations have suggested these children to have impaired immune resistance to infection. Children were fivided by anthropometric criteria into three groups: moderately malnourished; showing effects of previous PCM; normally nourished. Numbers and function of T and B lymphocytes and neutrophils were measured in these groups to give an assessment of systemic immune resistance. Primary antigen recognition and blastogenic response of T-lymphocytes were significantly impaired in the malnourished groups. Normal or increased numbers of B and T lymphocytes, and normal secondary antibody response to tetanus toxoid inoculations were found in all groups. Serum opsonin levels, C3 concentrations, immunoglobulin levels, neutrophil numbers and phagocytic activity were normal or increased in all groups. The malnourished children showed relative impairment of neutrophil chemotaxis, metabolic response to phagocytosis and intraphagocytic bactericidal activity. The findings suggested that children with moderate or lasting effects of PCM had multiple dificiencies in the funnction of their immune defence mechanism which may profoundly influence the prevalence, chronicity and mortality of infections diseases in Aboriginal communities.

Australia↗
PubMed1975

Intermittent chemotherapy and immunotherapy with BCG in remission maintenance of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia: effects upon immunological function.

Twelve children with acute lymphocytic leukemia who had been in complete remission on continuous chemotherapy for at least 12 months, were treated with intermittent courses of chemotherapy alternating with BCG inoculation during the drug-free intervals. Measurements were made of leukocyte populations in blood and bone marrow leukemic blastogenic responses of blood lymphoid cells to phytohemmagglutinin and soluble leukemic blast cell membrane antigen. Antibody titers to a soluble leukemic blast-cell membrane-derived antigen were determined. Comparison was made with similar measurements during a second phase of intermittent chemotherapy without BCG inoculation (phase II). Two children showed bone-marrow relapse and two developed central nervous system leukemia during the study. Rises in blood and bone-marrow lymphoid cell numbers were found during both phases of the study. Blastogenic responses to phytohemagglutinin, depressed at the start of the study following at least 12 months of continuous chemotherapy, rose during intermittent chemotherapy and BCG and remained within normal ranges during phase II. Antibody titers and blastogenic responses to leukemia blast-cell membrane antigens increased in eight of twelve and six of seven children respectively during the BCG phase and were maintained during phase II. Only one child showed further increases in phase II. The combination of BCG and intermittent chemotherapy may increase leukemia-associated immunity in some patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia in remission. The separate contributions of either BCG or intermittent chemotherapy in producing this effect cannot be determined by this study.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1975

Treatment of chronic muco-cutaneous candidiasis by lymphocyte transfer factor.

A beneficial clinical effect from the administration of lymphocyte transfer factor is described in six patients with idiopathic early onset chronic muco-cutaneous candidiasis. Five patients in two families showed a familial disease pattern. Dermal anergy and failure to produce migratory inhibition factor with intact general immune function were found in patients tested. Antifungal chemotherapy was effective in clearing or markedly reducing the candidiasis and remission was maintained by repeated injections of transfer factor. Therapy was monitored using Candida skin test.

Adolescent↗