Biomedical subjects

D G Muñoz

Publications and source records attributed to D G Muñoz.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

[Spanish version of the 7 Minute screening neurocognitive battery. Normative data of an elderly population sample over 70].

INTRODUCTION: To standardize the Spanish version of the 7 Minute screening neurocognitive battery (7MS) in a population sample of elderly over 70 years. METHODS: We examined 416 persons, living at home, participating in elderly the longitudinal study "Aging in Leganes", aged 71 to 99 years old (mean age: 79 +- 9.2 years; 51.7 % women; 10.6 illiterate, 25 % without formal education). In order to do so, we used an extensive clinical survey, general and neurological exam and extensive neuropsychological battery with several cognitive scales, attention, language, memory, visuomotor skill and reasoning tests, Jorm's IQCODE questionnaire, CES-D depression questionnaire and the 7MS including the Benton Orientation Test, Clock Drawing Test, Free and Cued Learning Test and Categorial Verbal Fluency. Dementia was diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria but independently of the 7MS scores. Several methods to obtain the total score of the 7MS were analyzed and the normative parameters of the test were obtained in the subgroup of non-demented subjects. RESULTS: The easiest and most efficient method to obtain the total score of the 7MS was the sum of the z-scores of the four subtests. We present the mean values, -1 and -1.5 standard deviations, range and percentiles of the partial and total scores of the 7MS stratified by age (71-75, 76-80, 81-85 and > or = 86 years) and education (less than primary education and primary education or greater) in the subgroup of non-demented subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The normative data of the 7MS obtained in a representative sample of the general elderly population support its rigorous use in the Spanish clinical setting.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Monoclonal antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus cross-react with alpha-synuclein in human brain.

Using antibodies generated against the latent membrane protein 1 of Epstein-Barr virus, intense immunoreactivity of Lewy bodies (in PD and dementia with Lewy bodies) and glial cytoplasmic inclusions (in multiple system atrophy) was demonstrated. ELISA and Western blotting techniques confirmed that this immunolabeling was due to cross-reactivity of the antiviral antibody with alpha-synuclein, a neuronal protein implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. This example of cross-reactivity between Epstein-Barr virus and alpha-synuclein may bear implications for further elucidating infectious or autoimmune mechanisms in PD.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed2000

[Neuropathology of frontotemporal dementia].

The syndrome of progressive fronto-temporal dementia represents the clinical expression of several pathological processes, mostly degenerative, preferentially involving the frontal and temporal lobes. These processes include dementia with Pick bodies, cortico-basal degeneration, dementia with ITSNU (Inclusions Tau and Synuclein Negative, Ubiquitinated), also known as dementia of motorneuron disease type, dementia with basophilic inclusion bodies, and dementia lacking specific histopathology, and in addition all variants linked to mutations in the tau gene, located in chromosome 17. The term "Pick complex" encompasses these processes and their clinical manifestations, which in addition to fronto-temporal dementia include primary progressive aphasia and apraxic-motor syndromes. The pathologic processes are better discriminated by histopathology than distribution of atrophy, but the latter is the main determinant of the clinical presentation.

Atrophy↗

PubMed1995

Mesial temporal lobe seizures presenting as anxiety disorders.

Five patients had brief simple partial seizures that mimicked panic disorder. The following features assisted diagnosis: Seizures were briefer and more stereotyped than panic attacks; some progressed to typical complex partial seizures; and aphasia and dysmnesia occurred during seizures in some patients. Each patient had one mesial temporal structural lesion. Routine waking EEG was normal in 2 patients. Inadequate response to anti-epileptics necessitated partial temporal lobectomy in 4 patients, 3 of whom remain seizure free.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Hippocampal sclerosis and human memory.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of hippocampal sclerosis on preoperative neuropsychological memory tests. DESIGN: Analyses of variance and chi 2 tests were used to compare patient groups (divided retrospectively) with a control group. SETTING: Hospital epilepsy unit. PATIENTS AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS: All patients who underwent a temporal lobectomy for intractable seizure relief during the preceding 18 months were included if the following criteria were met: (1) age was between 15 and 55 years; (2) IQ was 80 or greater; (3) the left hemisphere was dominant for speech; (4) there had been no previous brain surgery; (5) sufficient hippocampal tissue had been supplied for pathologic study; and (6) there was no hippocampal abnormality other than sclerosis. The 40 patients who met all of these criteria were divided into groups based on pathological classification (presence or absence of hippocampal sclerosis) and side of excision. Ten normal control subjects, matched to the patients based on age and education, were also asked to perform the memory tests. All subjects approached gave their informed consent to participate in the study. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: None. RESULTS: No group demonstrated impairments on measures of attention or recognition memory. A deficit in learning paired-word associates was found for the left hippocampal sclerosis, right hippocampal sclerosis, and left no-hippocampal sclerosis groups, but on tests requiring the delayed recall of information, only patients with hippocampal sclerosis were impaired. For verbal tasks, the delayed recall deficit was limited to patients with left-sided sclerosis. CONCLUSIONS: Hippocampal sclerosis impairs the ability to learn associations and to retain information over a delay interval. For the learning and retention of verbal material, the left hippocampus is more important than the right.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Comparison of cytomegalovirus infection of brain and lung in a patient with subacute encephalopathy of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

The ultrastructure of cytomegalovirus infection of glial cells in an area of demyelination in the brain of a patient with subacute encephalopathy associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is described. By comparison with the lung of the same patient, the cytomegalovirus-infected brain showed a lower density of complete virions per cell and a higher proportion of defective viral particles.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Selective neuronal necrosis associated with status epilepticus: MR findings.

We present the MR imaging findings in an autopsy-proven case of selective neuronal necrosis involving the entire left cerebral hemispheric cortex, left thalamus, and contralateral cerebellum following a period of status epilepticus. Imaging findings include diffusion abnormality on diffusion-weighted images and increased intensity on T2-weighted images in the above-mentioned regions of the brain.

Adult↗