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Biomedical subjects

D G Shaw

Publications and source records attributed to D G Shaw.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Inflammatory pseudotumours in children: CT and ultrasound appearances with histopathological correlation.

Inflammatory pseudotumour is an uncommon benign lesion that presents in children and young adults. The rarity of these lesions, particularly at extrapulmonary sites, has resulted in poor documentation of its radiological manifestations. The casenotes, radiology and histology of five patients with inflammatory pseudotumour were reviewed. Two lesions were intra-abdominal, one oesophageal, one intrapulmonary and one lower limb. CT demonstrated inflammatory pseudotumours as well circumscribed masses of soft tissue density producing displacement of surrounding structures rather than local invasion. Sonography depicted these lesions as well defined masses with homogeneous echo patterns. Surgical removal resulted in dramatic symptomatic improvement.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMed1994

New autosomal dominant form of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia presenting with atlanto-axial instability.

We present a family with a radiologically distinct new form of autosomal dominant spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, presenting with cervical instability and attendant neurological compromise and emphasise the radiological characteristics which delineate this condition. Cervical vertebral abnormalities, including malformation of the odontoid process, have been observed in some forms of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, but rarely lead to neurological sequelae, in contrast to the pedigree we describe.

Atlanto-Axial Joint↗
PubMed1994

Lunate subluxation associated with a Salter-Harris type 2 fracture of the distal radius.

A case is reported of lunate subluxation in combination with a Salter-Harris type 2 fracture of the distal radius in a child. Carpal subluxations or dislocations are rare in children. This combination has never been reported before. It significance lies in the combination of injuries, the more common of which led the lunate injury to be overlooked, emphasizing the importance of careful study of all available radiographs of an injury.

Carpal Bones↗
PubMed1994

Radiographic features of limb lengthening in children.

We report our experience in radiographic imaging in limb lengthening procedures using callotasis for limb lengthening discrepancy with the Orthofix dynamic monoaxial external fixator. Seventeen patients (average age at operation 10.8 years) completed 22 bone segments (7 femora, 11 tibiae, 4 ulnae) lengthening procedures. The average time for formation of good medullary bridging was over 6 months. The commonest radiographic abnormality was a periosteal reaction around the pin sites seen in 14 patients, while evidence of pin loosening was present in 10. All patients with pin loosening also showed periosteal reaction which pre-dated the loosening in 5 of 12 patients by an average of 47 days. Angulation was detected in 9 patients in the a.p. plane, and in 6 in the lateral plane. Six patients developed a ragged radiolucent region through the newly forming bone at an average of 95 days from the corticotomy but with uneventful healing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Case report: soft tissue and perivisceral calcification occurring in an infant: a case of brown fat necrosis.

Fat necrosis is a well described cause of widespread subcutaneous calcification occurring in a young infant. In this condition the radiographic demonstration of soft tissue calcification is often dramatic but is clinically irrelevant since the diagnosis is usually evident without recourse to radiology. Visceral fat necrosis and calcification, in the absence of hypercalcaemia, have been reported occasionally in association with subcutaneous fat necrosis. We report a case with calcification largely confined to deep perivisceral sites without clinical signs of subcutaneous fat necrosis.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
PubMed1992

Two unusual cases of nephrocalcinosis in infancy.

Nephrocalcinosis is uncommon in childhood, the main causes are renal tubular acidosis, hyperparathyroidism and medullary sponge kidney. It is also seen where there is hypercalcaemia or hypercalciuria of any aetiology; We report nephrocalcinosis in an 18-month-old infant with metaphyseal chondrodysplasia type Jansen and also in a neonate with McCune Albright syndrome who displayed atypical skeletal appearances and had multiple ovarian cysts.

Female↗
PubMed1992

The magnetic resonance appearances of the normal thymus in children.

The normal thymus in children is highly variable in size and shape. In some cases this has led to the misdiagnosis of mediastinal pathology and an unnecessary thoracotomy. Twenty-five children without suspicion of mediastinal pathology and five children with suspected mediastinal pathology were imaged using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI is recommended to distinguish between the normal and abnormal thymus in difficult cases where other imaging techniques are inconclusive.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Bone changes and their significance in children with ichthyosis on long-term etretinate therapy.

Anxiety about the use of etretinate in children has been provoked by several reports describing skeletal abnormalities during long-term therapy. However, we have observed no evidence of skeletal toxicity in 42 children treated over an 11-year period. Radiological screening before and during treatment has failed to reveal abnormalities that would influence our decision to commence or to continue etretinate administration. We recommend that children who are to be treated with etretinate should have a baseline selective skeletal survey, with follow-up radiology restricted to those with pretreatment radiological abnormalities and those who develop musculo-skeletal symptoms. In addition we advise that dosage should not exceed 1 mg/kg/day. If these guidelines are followed, we believe that long-term therapy with etretinate can be given to children, with an acceptable margin of safety.

Administration, Oral↗