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Biomedical subjects

D Gagliesi

Publications and source records attributed to D Gagliesi.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Severe reactions to cow's milk in very young infants at risk of atopy.

Cow's milk (CM) allergy (CMA) is a disease of infancy, usually appearing in the first months of life. Symptoms triggered by CM at first introduction are not completely defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of severe reaction to CM and clinical manifestation triggered by CM administration in the first few months of life. Particularly sensitizing appears to be the exposure to CM formulas in the neonatal nursery. The little doses of allergens are more sensitizing than larger ones. These data provide clear evidence of the immunological effects of oral antigen administration during the neonatal period. Babies at risk of atopy should receive in their first days colostrum and/or formulas appropriate for atopy prevention. In this prospective study, we evaluated 27 babies in order to ascertain the prevalence of CM-induced severe reactions.

Age of Onset↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. Review of 732 cases and analysis of the typical traits.

In 1963 Rubinstein and Taybi described a new syndrome characterized by broad thumbs and toes, facial abnormalities and mental retardation. The syndrome can be observed in the neonatal period by typical thumbs, halluces and facial abnormalities. The prevalence in the general population is unknown, however the disorder is not rare and is present in about 1:600 patients in mental retardation clinics. At the present time there is no definite inheritance pattern and recurrence is very unlikely. 18 different chromosomal anomalies have been identified in some patients with this syndrome. In this paper we identify a typical case and review the symptoms and signs of the RT syndrome and meta-analyze 732 cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prediction and prevention of allergic disease in at risk children.

Allergic asthma and rhinitis, atopic dermatitis (AD), urticaria and gastrointestinal allergy, are common diseases of infants and children. Their phenotypic expression varies widely, being very mild in some cases, severe and frustrating in many, but even life-threatening in others. Specific IgE to foods and positive challenge test to a number of food allergens are frequently present in children with these disorders. Cow's milk (CM) appears to be the most common offending food both in gastrointestinal and in cutaneous manifestations of atopic disease. It was recently estimated that 14% of children suffer from AD and about 25% from more or less adverse reactions to CM. Babies of atopic parents are at high risk of developing atopic diseases. The main goal of modern medicine is prevention of chronic and severe diseases. Food allergy (FA) and AD may negatively interfere with the child's life and his physical and physiological development. We stress that few diseases like AD, although not being lethal, are causes of invaluable physical and emotional suffering either for children or their parents. Indeed, severe AD confronts doctors with one of their most demanding challenges: too long has this condition been neglected. Sensitization to foods occurs more commonly early in life, however it may even occur prenatally. The possibility of preventing such disorders in predisposed children has stimulated the investigators' imagination since the beginning of this century, when atopic diseases were not so common. However, the possible influence of early diet on later FA has received much attention only in the last decade. Prevention of FA might be achieved by altering the dietary factors, which are responsible for the sensitization and for the phenotypic expression of the disease. As the crucial expression of allergic disease results from an intricate interrelationship between the atopy-prone genetic constitution and the encountered environment, prevention of IgE-mediated disease could potentially be approached by selectively interfering with the major forces, genetic and environmental, that appear to be responsible in concert for the ultimate phenotypic expression of atopy.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A three-year prospective study of specific immunotherapy to inhalant allergens: evidence of safety and efficacy in 300 children with allergic asthma.

The effectiveness and safety of specific immunotherapy (SIT) in allergic diseases such as asthma have increasingly come under question. Some authors advocate eliminating SIT as a therapeutic option for allergic patients, since the risks associated with this form of asthma may outweigh its positive effects. However, in a review of twenty-nine controlled studies in 2077 children and an equal number of controls, 27 (93.1%) have shown the effectiveness of SIT in pediatric age for the treatment of asthma due to inhalant allergens (p < 0.0001). The scope of this study was to ascertain whether this form of therapy is safe and effective in pediatrics. 300 children (median age 4.4 years) with asthma due to pollen or house dust mite were prospectively followed for three years. They were randomly divided into two groups: the study group and control group, being almost equal in number of children and clinical characteristics such as sex and age. No child suffered severe reactions due to SIT. Children receiving SIT had significantly greater reductions in days (p = 0.0001) and nights (p = 0.0005) without asthma and drug usage (p = 0.0003), compared with drug-treated children. In addition, the number of asthma attacks (p = 0.0001), and the quality of life were significantly improved in the study group (p = 0.0001). These findings suggest that if suitable allergen extracts are used with close observation of therapeutic indications, and children are followed by their doctors as frequently as required, SIT is effective in the treatment of pediatric asthma, with few adverse effects.

Administration, Inhalation↗