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Biomedical subjects

D Gambi

Publications and source records attributed to D Gambi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Lymphocyte subpopulations in multiple sclerosis (MS). A contribution].

The characterization of peripheral blood T-cell subpopulations in 29 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is studied. A direct immunofluorescence assay was performed using monoclonal antibodies (OK series) directed to lymphocytes surface antigens. In transverse study, the patients suffering from progressive MS showed T4+ lymphocytes and T4+/T8+ ratio significantly high (p less than 0.05) compared to controls; furthermore T8+ lymphocyte values were low. T3+ lymphocytes were low (p less than 0.05) during the relapse in the MS remitting relapsing patients. A six month follow-up of the patients showed, during relapse, a reduction and, immediately after, a recovery of T3+ and T4+ lymphocyte values; T8+ lymphocytes didn't show remarkable fluctuations.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Lymphotropic retrovirus in multiple sclerosis].

Several viruses have been considered in the etiology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), but definitive proof have not been given so far. Recently, Gallo and Koprowski (1985) pointed out the retroviruses. In our study serum anti-HTLV I and anti-HTLV III antibodies were determined in 31 MS patients. Anti-HTLV I antibodies were found in the serum of only three MS patients (9.6%); none of the patients had anti-HTLV III antibodies.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1989

[The prognosis of multiple sclerosis: a contribution].

A number of clinical characteristics of multiple sclerosis that may influence prognosis quo ad valetudinem are considered; onset with optic neuritis and frequency of recurrence less than 0.5/annum in the first three years of disease seem to be associated with a slower degree of deterioration (measured by the progression index). The age of onset, sex and type of disease would not appear to influence the prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Associated central and peripheral demyelination: an electrophysiological study.

A case is reported in which retrobulbar neuritis preceded Guillain-Barré syndrome by 4 weeks. The visual evoked potential latencies were prolonged. After peripheral nervous system signs had cleared, median and peroneal somatosensory evoked potentials showed prolonged cervical N13, scalp N20 and L3-scalp conduction times.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The sympathetic skin response: normal values, elucidation of afferent components and application limits.

The sympathetic skin response (SSR), recorded at the hand and foot, was elicited using different classes of stimuli in 20 normal controls and 10 patients with peripheral neuropathy. We found that SSR latencies changed significantly with different recording sites, but not with different stimulation sites. Additionally, after ischemic conduction block of the arm in 3 normal controls, the previously obtainable SSR recorded at the hand became unobtainable with median nerve stimulation. Also, in one patient with subacute ganglionitis and 3 patients with demyelinating neuropathies, the SSR could not be elicited by electrical stimulation, but it could with deep inspiration. These results suggest that large diameter myelinated fibers may serve as afferents for the SSR. Furthermore, these findings imply that an unobtainable SSR by electrical stimulation may be due not only to dysfunction of the autonomic efferent nerve fibers, but also to abnormalities of the sensory afferents of the reflex. Therefore, investigations of autonomic dysfunction utilizing the SSR must be interpreted with caution in patients with peripheral neuropathies.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1987

[Subacute cerebellar degeneration in cystadenopapillary carcinoma of the ovaries].

A subacute cerebellar degeneration-like paraneoplastic syndrome is reported in a woman with cystoadenopapillar carcinoma involving both ovaries. This syndrome, characterized by remarkable cerebellar ataxia, is an exceptional disorder which pathogenesis is still unknown although there is a hypothesis of a viral infection and autoimmunitary unchaining.

Cerebellar Ataxia↗
PubMed1987

[Westphal-Strumpell disease. Description of a clinical case].

A case of hepatolenticular degeneration with the clinical pattern of Westphal-Strumpell disease is described. Diagnosis was based on clinical pattern, absence of hepatic impairment, typical biochemical abnormalities of copper metabolism and response (clinical and biochemical) to D-penicillamine.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Strümpell's familial spastic paraplegia: an electrophysiological demonstration of selective central distal axonopathy.

Three patients with autosomal dominant Strümpell's familial spastic paraplegia (SFSP) were evaluated by means of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) from upper and lower limb and determination of sural nerve conduction velocity. Findings of normal sural nerve conduction but reduced amplitude and poor definition of SEPs with normal latencies on peroneal nerve stimulation support a pattern of central nervous system degeneration characterized by a selective involvement of centrally directed axons within the gracile fasciculi.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Serial recording of VEPs to different stimuli in multiple sclerosis patients.

VEPs to different spatial frequencies (1,2,4 cycles per degree) and different stimulus configurations (vertical, horizontal gratings and checkerboard) were recorded in 47 Multiple Sclerosis patients and a corresponding group of control subjects. Serial recordings were performed in periods of 1-6 years. We show that the highest diagnostic yield in MS is for VEPs of higher spatial frequency than 1 cpd, and that vertical gratings give reliable results when high spatial frequencies are used, whereas checkerboard stimuli elicit consistent VEPs only when the check size is 30'-15' of arc of visual angle. The use of fine vertical grating patterns dissipates controversies dependent on "W" shaped VEPs.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Visual evoked potentials in parkinsonism and dopamine blockade reveal a stimulus-dependent dopamine function in humans.

VEPs were recorded with three different spatial frequencies of stimulation in patients affected by idiopathic Parkinsonism and by Parkinsonian syndromes. The detection of VEP abnormalities in Parkinson's disease was dependent on the spatial frequency of the visual stimulus (a vertical square wave grating). The VEP latency was normal in Parkinsonian syndrome patients (except in one patient affected by familial Parkinsonism). Dopamine precursor therapy differently reduced the VEP latency, depending on the spatial frequency of the visual stimulus. These findings suggest that the dopaminergic mechanism involved in the generation of VEP delays is sensitive to stimulus spatial frequency. The study of VEPs before and after the administration of haloperidol confirmed this hypothesis. VEP latency did not correlate with the major clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease and could not predict the results of chronic dopaminergic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Parkinsonism, basal ganglia calcification and epilepsy as late complications of postoperative hypoparathyroidism.

A patient with post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism, basal ganglia calcification, parkinsonism and seizures is reported. The parkinsonism was resistant to levodopa therapy but was not significantly improved by the correction of hypoparathyroidism. Previously reported cases are discussed, as well as the relationship between hypoparathyroidism, calcification of basal ganglia, parkinsonism and epilepsy.

Basal Ganglia Diseases↗
PubMed1985

Effects of intravenously administered L-acetylcarnitine on somatosensory-evoked potentials. Studies of healthy and diseased volunteers with focal cerebral lesions.

The acute effects of intravenously administered L-acetylcarnitine (L-AC) were evaluated in 5 healthy and 20 diseased volunteers (17 vascular, 3 tumoral cerebral lesions). Short-latency scalp somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) to simultaneous median, and separate unilateral peroneal nerve stimulation were carried out before and after L-AC administration (at 10-, 30- and 60-min intervals). L-AC did not influence peak and interpeak latencies; however, in a percentage of healthy and diseased volunteers a clear-cut amplitude increase was evident affecting all those peaks generated between the thalamus and the cortex. While in normal and tumoral volunteers the voltage increase was bilaterally balanced, the amplitude increments were more evident on the 'affected' hemisphere in vascular patients, partially reversing the abnormal amplitude ratios between homologous peaks on 'healthy' and 'affected' hemispheres. In no case were transient clinical changes, either of an objective or subjective nature, associated with SEP amplitude changes; these were still present at the 60th minute, having reached their nadir at the 30th minute in 'responders'.

Acetylcarnitine↗
PubMed1982

New electrophysiological assessments for the early diagnosis of encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy in chronic uraemia.

The clinical manifestations of neuropathy in chronic uraemia are late in occurring. However, at an early stage it is possible to detect damage to either the central or peripheral nervous system by means of modern electrophysiological investigation methods. We examined 29 patients with CRF (plasma creatinine 7.0 +/- 4.0 mg%) on conservative diet. The following electrophysiological tests were carried out at least once: Electroencephalogram (EEG), Electromyogram (EMG), Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV), Sensory Nerve Conduction Velocity (SNCV), Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs) using the pattern reversal transient stimulation method. At the same time the following blood tests were performed: BUN, creatinine, uric acid, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, lipid electrophoresis, total protein (electrophoretic method), Na, K, Ca, P, red cells blood count and PTH. MNCV, SNCV and VEPs appeared to slow down early, sometimes even where there were no clinical symptoms. In addition, there is a direct correlation with decreasing renal function. MNCV and SNCV were correlated directly, reciprocally although the compromise of SNCV appeared an earlier phenomenon. The significant direct correlation between MNCV, SNCV and serum PTH suggests that the latter has an important peripheral neurotoxic role. VEP recording permits detection of early abnormalities in the central nervous system with residual renal function values around 40%.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Lymphocyte populations and cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins in patients with polyradiculoneuritis. I].

We have studied four patients affected by poliradicoloneuro inflammation with rosette test ET - Ea and EAChu and with the dose of Ig cerebral fluid. The results of these experiments seems interesting in furnishing elements indicative of the immunological status of each patients. In fact, one can observe a significant increase of rosette Ea as a possible reaction or intervention of this subpopulation of T engaged in the immunitary response. We observed further that an increase of Ig neuro-fluid and, in particular, of IgG, could strengthen the idea of a probable humoral immunitary moviment as a result of poliradiconeuro inflammation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

EMG changes in chronically dialyzed uraemic subjects undergoing d, 1-Carnitine treatment.

The deficiency of muscle Carnitine secondary to chronic dialysis frequently induces lipid storage in striated muscles associated with progressive myocardial involvement. Serial EMG recordings disclose the presence of several motor unit potential families in tibialis anterior muscle related to damage of peripheral nervous fibres and muscular districts due to the storage of lipid vacuoles. The administration of d,1-Carnitine to twenty chronically dialyzed uraemic patients significantly improved distal latency of the M response of the external peroneal nerve at the EDB muscle and the MUP properties suggesting a Carnitine-dependent amelioration of fatty acid oxidative processes both in muscle and Schwann cells. The main side effects following d,1-Carnitine oral administration (3 g/daily) is a myasthenia-like symptom complex that is promptly reversed on drug interruption.

Action Potentials↗