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Biomedical subjects

D Ganeval

Publications and source records attributed to D Ganeval.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1971

Factors influencing immediate prognosis in acute renal failure, with special reference to prophylactic hemodialysis.

Five hundred patients with acute renal failure were admitted to the Department of Nephrology of Necker Hospital between 1966 and 1970; 279 of them were treated before and 221 after beginning systematic prophylactic hemodialysis. The frequency of complications and the survival rate between both groups were compared. No significant improvement was obtained in patients with severe pre-existing diseases or extensive extrarenal lesions; such patients usually died from nonuremic complications before, or despite, dialysis. However, adequate treatment of severe septic shock, when present, was an important factor in improving the immediate outcome. Early and frequent dialysis significantly reduced the frequency and intensity of uremic symptoms such as gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The mortality due to gastrointestinal bleeding decreased from 14% before to 5% after prophylactic hemodialysis. The number of deaths due to septicemia was also substantially lowered from 24 to 12%. Overall mortality was reduced from 42 to 29%. The mortality rate decreased significantly in all categories of patients, particularly in surgical cases (from 54 to 38%) and in traumatic cases (55 to 33%). Simultaneously, the better use of antibiotic therapy, better prophylaxis of sepsis, and better nutritional care were important factors in the overall improvement in prognosis.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of antiglucocorticoids on glucocorticoid hypertension in the rat.

The early phase of hypertension induced in rats by a glucocorticoid agonist RU 26988 was studied. Systolic blood pressure increased by 35 mm Hg. Water and sodium urinary excretion increased transiently, and plasma volume decreased. Total and ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux, as well as rubidium efflux, were enhanced by glucocorticoid administration. Low salt intake did not prevent hypertension. Pretreatment with RU 38486, a steroid with antiglucocorticoid properties, largely prevented the rise in blood pressure (+10 mm Hg) and suppressed transient natriuresis and the decrease in plasma volume. Changes in total and ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux were completely prevented, whereas changes in rubidium efflux were only partly reversed. Similarly, administration of progesterone, a steroid with antiglucocorticoid effects, prevented glucocorticoid hypertension (+11 mm Hg) and vascular ionic changes. In contrast administration of RU 28318, an antimineralocorticoid agent, was without effect on glucocorticoid hypertension (+38 mm Hg). Progesterone or RU 38486 administered after glucocorticoid also decreased blood pressure. Present data indicate that glucocorticoid hypertension may be prevented or reversed in its early phase by steroid drugs with antiglucocorticoid properties. These drugs also appeared to prevent the sodium and rubidium flux abnormalities induced by glucocorticoid. We suggest that activation of the vascular glucocorticoid receptors may be involved in the pathophysiology of glucocorticoid hypertension.

Androstanols↗