Biomedical subjects

D Gavish

Publications and source records attributed to D Gavish.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1984

Abnormalities in very low, low and high density lipoproteins in hypertriglyceridemia. Reversal toward normal with bezafibrate treatment.

The effects of triglyceridemia on plasma lipoproteins were investigated in 16 hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) subjects (222-2,500 mg/dl) before and after the initiation of bezafibrate therapy. Bezafibrate caused a mean reduction of 56% in plasma triglyceride and increased the levels of lipoprotein and hepatic triglyceride lipases by 260 and 213%, respectively. The natures of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), isolated at plasma density and of low and high density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL), separated by zonal ultracentrifugation, were determined. HTG-LDL appears as multiple fractions whereas HTG-HDL is seen predominantly as HDL3. HTG-VLDL is relatively poor in apoproteins and triglycerides but enriched in free and esterified cholesterol. HTG-LDL (main fraction) is depleted of free and esterified cholesterol but enriched in apoprotein and triglyceride. It is also denser and smaller than normal. HTG-HDL3 is denser than N-HDL3 and demonstrates compositional abnormalities similar to those of HTG-LDL. With the reduction of the VLDL mass, all abnormalities revert towards normal. This is accompanied by an increase in LDL-apoprotein B and cholesterol levels, which indicates an increased conversion of VLDL to LDL. Significant correlations between plasma triglyceride and the degree of all abnormalities are shown. The data obtained during treatment corroborate these relationships. The observations support the concept that most abnormalities reflect the degree of triglyceridemia. We suggest that plasma core-lipid transfer protein(s) is an effector of the abnormal cholesteryl ester distribution. Its prolonged action on increasingly large and slowly metabolized VLDL populations would entail a correspondingly excessive transfer of cholesteryl ester to VLDL and of triglyceride to LDL and HDL. It is calculated that, in moderate HTG, LDL and HDL contain only 50% of the normal cholesterol load. It is suggested that cholesteryl ester redistribution in HTG might be important in regulating metabolic events.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Hepatitis and jaundice associated with measles in young adults. An analysis of 65 cases.

We analyzed the clinical course of 65 adult patients hospitalized because of measles during the years 1975 and 1981-1982. Liver involvement was found in 80% (52/65) of the patients, five patients had clinical jaundice. The disturbances of liver function tests reached their peak values between days 5 and 10 of the disease. In this study of measles in adulthood we have three observations of unusual interest: (1) hepatitis occurs commonly in the more severely ill patients and it may manifest clinically as jaundice; (2) long-term follow-up (up to seven years) shows a clear tendency to complete resolution of the liver damage; (3) there is a clear correlation between the severity of hepatic involvement and the occurrence of secondary bacterial infections.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

Etiology, warning signs and therapy of torsade de pointes. A study of 10 patients.

Torsade de pointes, also called atypical ventricular tachycardia (AVT), was diagnosed in 10 patients, nine on antiarrhythmic therapy and one with acute central nervous system damage. Four patients received quinidine and five disopyramide, either alone or in combination with amiodarone. AVT was dose-dependent in some, but in others, it started shortly after initiation of drug therapy (idiosyncrasy). All patients had QT prolongation longer than 0.60 second immediately before the onset of AVT. This measurement appeared to be a more sensitive predictor of the development of AVT than QTc prolongation or QRS widening. All patients also showed bradycardia before AVT onset. After therapy, the QT immediately decreased, while QTc and QRS remained prolonged for longer periods. Isoproterenol was effective in five of seven patients, but was contraindicated in two others. Ventricular pacing was used in four patients, including the two who did not respond to isoproterenol, and this abolished AVT promptly. Isoproterenol or pacing appear to be the therapy of choice for AVT, while the conventional drugs used to treat the usual form of ventricular tachycardia are not only ineffective, but even contraindicated.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Extent of measles hepatitis in various ages.

To assess extent of hepatic involvement in measles, we evaluated prospectively 144 patients (ages 0.2 to 43 years) during an outbreak. Liver function parameters (AST, ALT, serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and bilirubin) were determined on presentation and at 2 and 4 weeks. The study comprised 52 pediatric (less than or equal to 14 years) and 92 adult patients. Liver dysfunction was evident quite often (56 to 66%) in adult patients. However, in the pediatric age group, these abnormalities were less frequent and less extensive. Moreover, a significant correlation was noted between age and each of the following parameters: AST (r = 0.61), ALT (r = 0.56) and serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (r = 0.39). In all subjects all parameters normalized after 2 to 4 weeks. The data presented suggest that hepatic dysfunction in measles is probably not rare and is more frequent and more extensive in adults. However, these abnormalities seem to be subclinical, self-limited and probably with no long-term sequelae.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Lipoprotein(a) in diet-induced atherosclerosis in nonhuman primates.

Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is a low density lipoprotein particle that contains plasminogen-like apolipoprotein(a). Recent studies suggest an association of Lp(a) with atherosclerotic vascular disease. We have studied the accumulation of Lp(a) in atherosclerotic arteries of monkeys with diet-induced atherosclerosis. Immunohistochemistry with monospecific Lp(a) antisera revealed striking accumulations of Lp(a) in atherosclerotic coronary artery lesions. There was no Lp(a) in the normal, nonatherosclerotic arteries. Analysis of paired tissue and serum samples from 17 male hyperlipoproteinemic monkeys revealed a significant correlation between aortic wall Lp(a) and serum Lp(a) levels. The serum cholesterol level failed to correlate with either aortic Lp(a) or serum Lp(a). These results add further evidence for the potential role of Lp(a) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

Animals↗