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D Gonzalez

Publications and source records attributed to D Gonzalez.

81 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Neonatal alcohol exposure and early development of motor skills in alcohol preferring and nonpreferring rats.

It has been suggested that differential sensitivity to alcohol might influence the severity of effects seen in offspring following gestational alcohol exposure and data exist to support this contention. Previously, we found that neonatal alcohol treatment produced greater increases in activity at the time of weaning in alcohol preferring (P) than by alcohol nonpreferring (NP) rat lines. Whereas these lines were genetically selected for extremes in alcohol preference they also differ on "sensitivity" to alcohol. Neonatal exposure in rats is used to model human third trimester alcohol exposure and the present study examined motor skills in P and NP rats following such exposure. On postnatal days 4 through 7, P and NP rats received a daily dose of 6 g/kg in four administrations 2 h apart. The alcohol was delivered in a milk solution through an indwelling intragastric cannula. Artificially reared and normally reared controls were included in the study. At 21 and 43 days of age, rats were tested for abnormalities in gait by walking an inclined runway and for dysfunction in balance using the parallel bar test. Neonatal alcohol exposure increased falling from the bars and altered gait and these effects were similar in the P and NP lines. The parallel bar test was generally too difficult for the NP rats, limiting the utility of this test in trying to determine the effects of differential alcohol sensitivity. Thus, the present results suggest that neonatal alcohol exposure had equivalent effects on gait and balance, as measured by falling from parallel bars, in P and NP rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Control of gonadotropin secretion in prepubertal male rats by excitatory amino acids.

The role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors in the control of FSH and LH secretion was analysed in prepubertal male rats. In the first experiment 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 30-day-old males were decapitated 15 min after vehicle, NMDA or kainic acid (KA) administration. In the second experiment, 23-day-old males were sham-orchidectomized or orchidectomized. Orchidectomized males were or were not implanted with silastic capsules containing testosterone and were sacrificed on day 30 after injection with vehicle, NMDA (15 mg kg-1), LHRH (100 ng rat-1), NMDA plus LHRH, or MK801, a non-competitive NMDA antagonist, (1 mg kg-1). In the third experiment, 30-day-old intact males pretreated with Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (NAME) or NG-methyl-L-arginine (MA), blockers of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, were sacrificed after NMDA or KA administration. In the fourth experiment, the effects of NMDA, KA, LHRH and NAME were analysed in monolayer cultures of dispersed adenohypophyseal cells. We found that: (i) NMDA and KA stimulated LH and FSH secretion in intact males; (ii) the NMDA effect on LH secretion remained after orchidectomy; (iii) FSH and LH responses to LHRH were not affected by simultaneous NMDA administration; (iv) antagonization of NMDA receptors with MK801 reduced the LH secretion in intact and orchidectomized males and blunted the FSH response to orchidectomy; (v) the stimulatory effect of NMDA or KA on LH secretion was not affected by pretreatment with blockers of NO synthase; (vi) the in vitro LH secretion remained unchanged after administration of NMDA, KA or NAME. We conclude that NMDA and non-NMDA receptors play a physiological role in the control of the basal and post-orchidectomy secretion of gonadotropins, and that this effects is independent of changes in NO generation and does not include changes in pituitary responsiveness to LHRH.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Case report: electroconvulsive therapy during pregnancy].

The treatment for psychiatric disorders in pregnancy remains difficult to implement. We report the case of a 28-year-old woman, 20 weeks pregnant when admitted in our psychiatric department. She presented severe depressive disorder, associated with agitation, and psychotic symptoms as delusion and hallucinations occurred. The patient had a history of recurrent mood disorders dating back to eight years before the current admission, including some atypical episodes (psychotic symptoms only), and alternating with free periods without any trouble. A non-specific personality disorder is also probably present. We first used antidepressant (clomipramine) and sedative phenothiazine drugs. Because of the lack of therapeutic efficacy, three weeks later we tried another pharmacologic prescription, that also failed to improve the patient' status. It was hence decided to proceed with electroconvulsive therapy. We describe here the management of the courses, especially the careful monitoring and the anesthetic features we employed, among which endotracheal intubation, oxygen supply, real-time ultrasonography, and recording uterine contractions and fetal heart rate. All theses measures were applied within a surgical-obstetrical theatre. Nine bifrontal courses were performed in five weeks. They rapidly and completely improved the psychiatric symptoms. No sign of fetal neither maternal bad tolerance occurred. While the patient had been authorized to leave hospital, in 34th weeks amenorrhea a routine ultrasonographic examination discovered worrying fetal ascites signs. After the emergency caesarean delivery, the male newborn child undergone immediately surgical treatment for vascular meconium peritonitis, but died nine days later with metabolic post-surgical troubles. This fatal outcome after electroconvulsive therapy leads us to discuss its possible involvement, and in a more general way the safety and place of this treatment in pregnancy psychiatric disorders. They remain critical situations in which therapeutic methods should be rapidly decided. The authors wish others practitioners to bring new case-reports in order to assess the ECT safety-use during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Poisoning caused by Eau Ecarlate: apropos of a fatal case in a child].

A 19 months child was accidentally poisoned by ingestion of "eau écarlate", a gasoline-based cleaner. He died half an hour later with an acute pulmonary necrosis, caused by inhalation of gasoline. The authors describe the toxicity of petroleum poisoning and attempt to edict standards for medical transportation of children with petroleum accidental absorption.

Alkanes↗