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Biomedical subjects

D Gregory

Publications and source records attributed to D Gregory.

67 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Drinking behavior, remission, and relapse: the Rand Report revisited.

Utilizing the Armor, Polich, and Stambul 1976 criteria, the clinical course of patients from 26 treatment programs was studied, with relapse analyses differing from the data reported by Armor et al. The overall rate of remission at 6 mo follow-up was considerably lower (54%) in this study. The data suggest that those alcoholics who chose to reduce their drinking, as an option, experienced a substantial risk of relapse.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1979

Treatment outcome for alcoholics as a function of therapeutic effort.

The association between therapeutic effort measured in terms of reimbursements for services and several treatment outcome variables was examined. A sample of clients regarded as definitely alcoholic was grouped into five categories according to the amount of money reimbursed for treatment in a fee-for-service arrangement. A systematic positive relationship was found between the amount of treatment measured in dollars and therapeutic outcome measured by remission rate and income. The data suggest that there may be an optimal cutoff for resource investment, above which no further treatment gains are achieved. Such information can provide a basis for program management decisions and suggests important implications for assumptions regarding alcoholism.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Prudent use of the aminoglycosides.

Kanamycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin are potent aminoglycoside antibiotics useful in treatment of infections with aerobic Gram-negative bacilli. For many bacteria, no other effective agents exist. These antibiotics must be used prudently. Prescribing physicians have a responsibility to avoid unnecessary therapy with agents that have the potential of causing serious ototoxic and nephrotoxic effects and to avoid indiscriminate use that may encourage the emergence of resistant organisms. These medications are much too valuable to be rendered ineffective by unwise use.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1977

Cefazaflur, a new parenteral cephalosporin: in vitro studies.

Cefazaflur was tested in vitro against 262 strains of bacteria. Inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations were determined with two inoculum sizes of bacterial cells in Mueller-Hinton broth and nutrient broth. Agar dilution studies also were performed. When tested in agar, 5.0 mug or less of cefazaflur per ml inhibited almost all strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, and Proteus mirabilis. The drug was less active against Enterobacter and indole-positive Proteus, and 7.5 mug of antibiotic per ml inhibited approximately two-thirds to one-fourth of the strains. A concentration of 50 mug of cefazaflur per ml was required for inhibition of the enterococci. There was negligible activity against Pseudomonas. The drug demonstrated less activity in broth than in agar, and a major inoculum effect was seen with some strains. For example, with a lower inoculum, 2.5 mug of cefazaflur per ml killed all strains of E. coli, whereas with the higher inoculum, 7.5 mug of cefazaflur per ml, inhibited 64% and killed only 8% of strains. The activity of the drug for some strains was greater in Mueller-Hinton broth; for others, it was greater in nutrient broth. There were considerable differences in the results of the broth and agar studies for some species when the same medium was employed. Because of differences in activity found with different media, inocula, and method of testing, an evaluation of the eventual usefulness of cefazaflur must await the results of in vivo studies.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1976

The prevalence of gallbladder disease in patients with ileostomy.

The prevalence of gallstones has been examined in an unselected group of ileostomy patients who had undergone surgery for ulcerative colitis. In this group 11 of 55 patients were found to have gallbladder disease which is an overall incidence of 20%. This is considerably higher than that found in a control population in the same area.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Emergency service: a strategy for hospital-sponsored ambulatory care satellites.

This analysis of the overall market position of free-standing emergency care was based on a telephone survey of 300 randomly chosen households in a southeastern metropolitan area. Results show that consumer preferences for cost and convenience create a strong market for free-standing emergency facilities. Emergicare centers are in an ideal situation to capture the market for acute and minor emergency care. To be worthwhile, the emergency room in a more comprehensive ambulatory care facility should serve as a feeder of new patients and be profitable in its own right. However, free-standing emergency facilities must not only attract patients through convenience and price, but they must also maintain patients through assuring quality care and satisfaction.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mothers' perceptions of childhood immunizations in First Nations communities of the Sioux Lookout Zone.

OBJECTIVE: Low uptake of childhood immunizations is a problem in many First Nations communities. This article describes the results of a study that examined mothers' perceptions of childhood immunizations and the factors that influence uptake. METHOD: Person-centred interviews focussing on childhood immunizations and child health were conducted with 28 mothers of young children in two First Nations communities in the Sioux Lookout Zone. Content analysis was applied to the interview data and patterns and themes were developed. RESULTS: Data analysis identified four key factors as negatively influencing immunization uptake: knowledge barriers, the influence of others, vaccine barriers, and missed opportunities. CONCLUSIONS: Further research with Elders and community members along with culturally sensitive education initiatives are required to address low immunization uptake. Changes in health professionals' behaviours may serve to reduce missed opportunities.

Adolescent↗