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D Griggs

Publications and source records attributed to D Griggs.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of orally administered lomefloxacin.

The pharmacokinetics of the quinolone lomefloxacin were determined following a single 400-mg oral dose given to each of six male volunteers. Concentrations in serum, urine, and cantharidin-induced inflammatory fluid were determined by a microbiological assay. Samples from two volunteers were also assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The mean peak level in serum, 4.7 micrograms/ml, was attained within 1 h of administration. The mean elimination half-life from serum was 7 h. Inflammatory fluid was penetrated rapidly, with a mean peak level of 3.5 micrograms/ml occurring after 2.7 h. The mean recovery of lomefloxacin from urine over 48 h was 76% of the administered dose. There was a minor peak on the high-performance liquid chromatography trace, suggesting a small amount of unidentified metabolite. This was present only in urine; no detectable metabolites were found in serum. This study suggests that either once-daily or twice-daily dosage of lomefloxacin should be sufficient to treat urinary or systemic infections, respectively, caused by susceptible pathogens.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1987

The pharmacokinetics of enoxacin in elderly patients.

Twenty-three patients of greater than 70 years of age, with proven urinary tract infections were treated with 200 mg of enoxacin twice daily. Serial blood samples were taken on day 1 and peak and trough levels on days 3 and 5. Enoxacin and oxo-enoxacin plasma levels were measured. The mean plasma half-lives of enoxacin and the oxo-metabolite were 6.1 h and 6.7 h respectively. The 2 h plasma level of enoxacin increased from a mean of 1.5 mg/l on day 1 to 2.65 mg/l on day 3 and 2.80 mg/l on day 5. No significant accumulation of the oxo-metabolite (as judged by the 2 h level) occurred. No alteration in enoxacin dosing in the elderly compared with that in younger patients is suggested. Eighty-five per cent of the patients were cured of their infection and no significant adverse advents were noted.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

The comparative pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of four quinolones including intravenously administered enoxacin.

The pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of four quinolones were studied. The compounds were norfloxacin (400 mg p.o.), enoxacin (600 mg p.o. and 400 mg i.v.), ciprofloxacin (100 mg i.v. and 500 mg p.o.) and ofloxacin (600 mg p.o.) given to healthy volunteers. Of the oral agents studied ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were the most rapidly absorbed (Tmax 1.2 h) and enoxacin the least (Tmax 1.9 h). The serum levels attained were highest in the case of ofloxacin (after allowing for the higher dose administered). The serum half-lives were norfloxacin 3.75 h, ciprofloxacin 3.9 h (p.o.), 4.0 h (i.v.), ofloxacin 7.0 h and enoxacin 6.2 h (p.o.) and 5.1 h (i.v.). All agents penetrated the blister fluid readily. The 24 h urine recovery (as measured by a microbiological assay) was 62% for enoxacin (p.o.), 46.4% following i.v. enoxacin (plus 11.6% oxo-enoxacin, measured by HPLC) 27% for norfloxacin, 30.6% for oral ciprofloxacin, 75.7% for i.v. ciprofloxacin and 73% for ofloxacin.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The comparative pharmacokinetics of five quinolones.

The pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of five quinolones were studied in volunteers. The compounds were norfloxacin (400 mg po), enoxacin (400 mg iv and 600 mg po), ciprofloxacin (100 mg iv and 500 mg po), ofloxacin (600 mg po) and pefloxacin (400 mg iv). Of the oral agents studied ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were the most rapidly absorbed (Tmax = 1.2 h) and enoxacin the least (Tmax = 1.9 h). The serum levels attained were highest in the case of ofloxacin (after allowing for the higher dose administered). The serum half-lives were norfloxacin 3.75 h, ciprofloxacin 3.9 h (po), 4.0 h (iv), ofloxacin 7.0 h, enoxacin 6.2 h (po), 5.1 h (iv) and pefloxacin 10.5 h. All agents penetrated blister fluid readily. The 24 h urine recovery was 62% for oral enoxacin, 46.4% for iv enoxacin (plus 12.2% for oxo-enoxacin), 27% for norfloxacin, 30.6% for oral ciprofloxacin, 75.7% for iv ciprofloxacin, 73% for ofloxacin and 4.9% for pefloxacin (plus 9.2% for the norfloxacin metabolite and 17.8% for pefloxacin N-oxide).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accommodating nursing students' diverse learning styles.

The authors present a framework for understanding diverse learning style/cognitive-style models and assessment instruments, review the literature on learning styles in general and the Dunn and Dunn Model specifically, and identify research areas for nursing educators. The authors challenge previous research with nurses and nursing students that focused on group, rather than individual interventions. They also explain why instruments that focus on only one or two constructs on a bipolar continuum, rather than on multiple learning-style constructs, restrict the possibility of revealing positive outcomes.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetics of the quinolones in volunteers: a proposed dosing schedule.

The pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of five quinolones into inflammatory exudate were studied in healthy volunteers. The compounds studied were norfloxacin (400 mg orally), enoxacin (400 mg intravenously and 600 mg orally), ciprofloxacin (100 mg intravenously and 500 mg orally), ofloxacin (600 mg orally), and pefloxacin (400 mg intravenous). Orally administered ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were the most rapidly absorbed (time to maximal serum level, 1.2 hours) and enoxacin the least (1.9 hours). The serum levels attained were highest in the case of ofloxacin (after an allowance was made for the higher dose administered). The serum elimination half-lives were as follows: norfloxacin, 3.75 hours; ciprofloxacin, 3.9 hours (oral) and 4.0 hours (intravenous); ofloxacin, 7.0 hours; enoxacin, 6.2 hours (oral) and 5.1 hours (intravenous); and pefloxacin, 10.5 hours. All agents penetrated well into a mild inflammatory exudate. The 24-hour recovery rate from urine was 62% for oral enoxacin, 46.4% for intravenous enoxacin (plus 12.2% for oxo-enoxacin), 27% for norfloxacin, 30.6% for oral ciprofloxacin, 75.7% for intravenous ciprofloxacin, 73% for ofloxacin, and 4.9% for pefloxacin (plus 9.2% for the norfloxacin metabolite and 17.8% for pefloxacin N-oxide). A dosing schedule for the quinolones was proposed on the basis of pharmacokinetic parameters and microbiologic activity.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

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